• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.5507-5528
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• 2016

In computer vision, salient object is important to extract the useful information of foreground. With active contour analysis acting as the core in this paper, we propose a bottom-up saliency detection algorithm combining with the Bayesian model and the global color distribution. Under the supports of active contour model, a more accurate foreground can be obtained as a foundation for the Bayesian model and the global color distribution. Furthermore, we establish a contour-based selection mechanism to optimize the global-color distribution, which is an effective revising approach for the Bayesian model as well. To obtain an excellent object contour, we firstly intensify the object region in the source gray-scale image by a seed-based method. The final saliency map can be detected after weighting the color distribution to the Bayesian saliency map, after both of the two components are available. The contribution of this paper is that, comparing the Harris-based convex hull algorithm, the active contour can extract a more accurate and non-convex foreground. Moreover, the global color distribution can solve the saliency-scattered drawback of Bayesian model, by the mutual complementation. According to the detected results, the final saliency maps generated with considering the global color distribution and active contour are much-improved.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.5563-5582
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• 2016

Parametric min-cuts is an object proposal algorithm, which can be used for accurate image segmentation. In parametric min-cuts, foreground seeds generation plays an important role since the number and quality of foreground seeds have great effect on its efficiency and accuracy. To improve the performance of parametric min-cuts, this paper proposes a new framework for foreground seeds generation. First, to increase the odds of finding objects, saliency detection at multiple scales is used to generate a large set of diverse candidate seeds. Second, to further select good-quality seeds, a two-stage cascaded ranking classifier is used to filter and rank the candidates based on their appearance features. Experimental results show that parametric min-cuts using our seeding strategy can obtain a relative small pool of proposals with high accuracy.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.559-565
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• 2015

The rind phenotype of watermelon fruits is an important agronomic characteristic in the watermelon market. Inheritance and linkage analyses were performed for three rind-related traits that together determine the rind phenotype: foreground stripe pattern, rind background color, and depth of rind color. The inheritance of the foreground stripe pattern was analyzed using three different $F_2$ populations, showing that the striped pattern is dominant over the non-striped pattern. The inheritance analysis of the rind background color was performed using $F_2$ populations of the '10909' and '109905', and the depth of rind color was analyzed using $F_2$ populations of the '90509' and '109905'. Yellow color was found to be dominant over green color, and a deep color was dominant over the standard color. Linkage analysis of the three traits was conducted using three $F_2$ populations in which two traits were segregating. Each pair of traits was inherited independently, which demonstrated that the three traits are not linked. Therefore, we propose a three-locus model for the determination of rind phenotype, providing novel insight that rind phenotype is determined by the combination of three genetically independent loci.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.360-367
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• 2011

Beta-carotene producing transformants were produced in the background of 'Nagdongbyeo', a Japonica rice cultivar. Introgression of the carotenoid locus in the transformant, PAC4-2 into the elite cultivar 'Ilpumbyeo' was started. To initiate a backcrossing program, we surveyed 220 SSR markers and found that 38% of them were polymorphic between 'Ilpumbyeo' as a recurrent parent and the PAC4-2 as a recipient parent. The selection strategy comprising foreground and background selection was employed. First, foreground selection was practiced in $BC_1$, $BC_2$, and $BC_3$ generations using the transgene specific PCR-based marker in addition to visual scoring of the seed color. Marker-based background selection combined with phenotypic selection was employed from $BC_3F_2$ to $BC_3F_4$ generations. Blast search indicated that the transgene PAC4-2 was located between SSR markers, RM6 and RM482. 240 $BC_3F_3$ and 63 $BC_3F_4$ lines were evaluated for four agronomic traits including days to heading. Most of the lines were similar to Ilpumbyeo in agronomic traits evaluated. The percentage of PAC4-2 genome ranged from 4% to 21% with a mean of 12.5%, which was higher than the expected for an unselected $BC_3$ backcross population. This could be explained by the fact that two genes for beta-carotene and the stripe virus resistance were targeted in this study. We selected 10 representative $BC_3F_5$ lines from 63 $BC_3F_4$ lines based on agronomic traits and carotenoids content. The selection strategy would be appropriate for the introgression of beta-carotene gene in a breeding program.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.269-269
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• 2022

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) on rice panicles is getting problematic in recent several years in Korea due to climate changes such as high temperature and more frequent typhoons during harvesting season. PHS negatively affects grain quality severely and also yield. Genetic improvement of Korean varieties (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica) through a marker assisted-backcross breeding (MAB) with the known PHS resistant genes must be one of ideal solutions. However, the final breeding products of MAB occasionally exhibit unwanted traits, especially the cross between genetically distant parents. This might be caused by linkage drag and/or presence of the gene-unlinked donor introgressions, resulting that the final products could not be released to the farmers. The major PHS resistance gene, Sdr4 (Seed dormancy 4) originated from an indica cultivar, Kasalath was selected as a donor gene. In order to avoid unexpected phenotypes in the breeding products, we performed a precision marker-based breeding (PMBB) consisting of foreground, recombinant, and background selections (FS, RS, and BS) which aim to develop 'single small introgression lines' (~100 kb introgression). Korean varieties (Ilpum and Gopum) were crossed with Kasalath. We developed Sdr4-allele specific markers for FS and a set of polymorphic flanking markers near the Sdr4 (-350kb and +420kb) for RS. To minimize linkage drag, the small introgression (< 125kb) containing Sdr4 was selected in Ilpum background (BC₂F₄) through 1^st RS with ~1,200 F₂ or BC₁F₂ plants (one side trimmed) and then 2^nd RS with ~1,000 progenies from the 1^st RS selected plants (another side trimmed). After RS, the selected lines were genotyped by using Infinium 7K SNP chip to detect other donor introgressions and the lines were backcrossed. Currently BS is on-going from the backcross-derived progenies with BS markers to remove residual introgressions. During the PMBB process, genetic effect of Sdr-4-Kasalath allele was confirmed in Ilpum and Gopum backgrounds by PHS phenotyping using the segregating BC₂F₃ or BC₁F₄ materials. The Sdr4 PMBB lines in Ilpum background (< 125kb introgression) will be valuable genetic resources to improve PHS resistance in modem popular temperate japonica varieties.