• 제목/요약/키워드: forage quality.

검색결과 725건 처리시간 0.02초

Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculation on Fermentation Characteristics of Whole Crop Barley Silage

  • Srigopalram, Srisesharam;Ilavenil, Soundharrajan;Vijayakumar, Mayakrishnan;Park, Hyung Soo;Lee, Kyung Dong;Choi, Ki Choon
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.201-206
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    • 2015
  • An experiment was carried out to determine the homofermentative activity of Lactobacillus plantarum KCC-10 and KCC-19 on the ensiling of whole crop barley (WCB). The crude protein in the silages was slightly higher in the KCC-10 and KCC-19 treatments compared to the control, but there was no significant difference between the two inoculant-treated silages. Nutrient parameters such as acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and in vitro dry matter digestibility in L. plantarum KCC-10 and KCC-19 treated silages did not differ from those in the control silage. The lactic acid content increased in KCC-10 and KCC-19 treated silage when compared with the control silage but the contents of acetic acid and butyric acid produced in KCC-10 and KCC-19 treated silages were similar with the control silage. Further, the number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in KCC-10 treated silage demonstrated a significant increase when compared to the control. Especially, KCC-19 treated silage showed greater lactic acid bacterial growth potential. Other microbes such as yeast and fungi were not detected in KCC-10 and KCC-19 treated WCB silages. Hence, this study suggests that the addition of L. Plantarum KCC-10 and KCC-19 to the WCB silage can improve fermentation quality for the production of high-quality silage.

중국 남방지구의 사초 생산과 이용 (Forage Production and Utilization in Southern Area of China)

  • 장영청;유건신;주위동;황신
    • 한국초지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국초지조사료학회 2002년도 창립 30주년 International Symposium
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    • pp.159-183
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    • 2002
  • 중국은 인구가 많고 경지면적이 적은 반면 인구의 계속적인 증가와 경지면적의 감소라는 이중압력을 받고 있어 곡물생산의 증가를 통한 축산업의 발전 잠재력이 나날이 축소되고 있다. 사료용 목초 재배를 통한 축산은 식량의 절약과, 고효율, 양질의 축산물 생산, 축산의 안전성과 지속성의 특징이 있어 중국의 특징에 부합된다. 본 문장에서는 첫째, 중국 남방지구의 자연과 사회 및 경제조건을 분석하였으며 아울러 사료용 목초의 생산, 이용 및 특징을 살펴보았다. 남방지구의 자연조건은 사료용 목초의 생산에 매우 적합하다. 사료용 목초는 주로 밭에서 재배하며, 품종은 일년생 또는 다년생 목초위주로 재배되고 있다. 사료용 목초의 대부분은 직접 사료로 이용되며, 사육대상은 초식성 가축과 가금 및 어류이다. 둘째, 중국 남방지구의 사료용 목초의 산업화 현황과 발전 추세 및 문제점에 대하여 살펴보았다. 현재 중국 남방지구의 사료용 목초의 산업화 수준은 높지 않지만 그 잠재력은 비교적 높다. 현재 주요한 문제점은 우량한 사료용 목초의 품종이 부족하며, 사료용 목초의 생산이 초기단계로 생산설비와 기술이 낙후되어 있고, 기계 화수준이 낮은데 있다. 마지막으로 중국 남방지구의 사료용 목초의 생산과 이용현황에 대해 전체적인 결론을 도출하였다.

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부존 조사료자원 갈대의 생육시기별 사료가치 및 생산량 (Forage Quality and Production of Phragmites communis as a Native Grass According to Growth Stages)

  • 서성;김원호;정민웅;이상학;김천만;최진혁;김진숙;김하영;이종경
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.109-116
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 부존 조사료자원의 활용으로 수입 사료를 줄이고 사료비 절감에 기여하고자 갈대 (Phragmites communis)를 공시하여 생육시기별 사료가치와 재생 및 생산성을 구명하였다. 시험 1은 경기 안산 시화간척지 갈대 자생지에서 2009년 5월부터 2010년 4월까지 7생육시기별 사료가치를 분석하였으며, 시험 2는 천안 국립 축산과학원 갈대 재배지에서 2011년 5월부터 11월까지 10시기별로 수량과 사료가치 및 재생 특성을 조사하였다. (시험 1) 5월부터 갈대의 생육이 진행될수록 사료가치는 크게 낮아졌다. 조단백질 함량은 2009년 5월, 7월, 9월, 2010년 4월 말에 수확하였을 때 각각 7.7%, 4.6%, 3.7%, 2.2%로, 상대사료가치 (RFV)는 각각 80.2, 65.1, 61.8, 52.8로, 건물 소화율은 각각 59.3%, 46.9%, 42.2%, 36.4%로 감소하였다. 반면 리그닌 함량은 7.1%, 9.9%, 12.0%, 13.2%로 크게 증가하였다. (시험 2) 1차 수확한 갈대의 생육과 수량은 6월 하순에서 7월 중순 수확시 양호하였으며, 조단백질, RFV, 건물소화율 등 사료 가치는 시험 1과 마찬가지로 생육이 진행될수록 낮아졌다. 1차 수확이 빠를수록 갈대의 재생은 양호한 경향이나 7월 말 이후는 차이가 작았고, 8월 이후 재생은 매우 부진하였다. 연간 수량은 2011년 5월, 6월, 7월, 8월, 9월, 10월, 11월 말에 수확하였을 때 건물수량은 각각 7,329 kg/ha, 12,527 kg, 9,593 kg, 8,279 kg, 7,649 kg, 5,822 kg, 5,540 kg으로, 조단백질 수량은 각각 1,067 kg/ha, 1,201 kg, 1,046 kg, 533 kg, 377 kg, 258 kg, 175 kg으로, 가소화 건물수량은 각각 3,924 kg/ha, 5,264 kg, 4,273 kg, 3,322 kg, 3,352 kg, 2,195 kg 및 1,887 kg으로 낮아졌다(p<0.05). 본 연구에서 RFV를 기준한 갈대의 조사료 (건초) 품질등급은 5월 갈대는 4등급 (다소 불량), 6~9월 갈대는 5등급 (불량), 10월, 11월 및 이듬 해 4월 갈대는 6등급 (부적합)이었으며, 재생 갈대는 모두 4등급 (다소 불량)으로 분류되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여볼 때, 갈대는 늦어도 7월 안으로 수확 사료화 하는 것이 양호한 가소화 건물수량과 볏짚 이상의 사료적 가치를 기대할 수 있어 권장되었다. 아울러 갈대의 재생은 전반적으로 불량하였고 1차 수량이 연간 수량의 70% 이상을 점유하였으며, 갈대는 연 1회 수확하여 사료화 이용이 바람직하였다.

품종, 건조제 및 보존제의 처리가 추계수확 연맥건초의 품질변화에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Cultivar, Drying Agent and Preservative on Quality Changes of Fall Harvested Oat Hay)

  • 한건준;김동암
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.315-326
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    • 1996
  • An experiment was carried out to determine effect of cultivar, drying agent concentration and preservative on the moisture content, temperature and quality changes of fall harvested oat(Avena sativa L.) hay during field curing and storage. The main plots consisted of the cultivar such as 'Foothill' and 'Swan', the subplots consisted of drying agent concentration such as 7Skg/ha(C1), lOSkglha(C2) and control(C0) and the sub-subplots consisted of preservative such as buffered acid(BA), lactic bacteria inoculant(LB) and control(C0). Moisture contents of 'Foothill' and 'Swan' oat cultivar at harvest were 635.5 and 385.4%DW(Dry weight), respectively, but the final moisture contents of the oat cultivars were 117 and 86%DW. The moisture content of cut oat was not affeded by drying agent concentration. Core temperature of baled 'Swan' oat hay was a little higher than that of 'Foothill' and no consistent preservative effect was found. Total nitrogen content of 'Swan' oat hay was 3.08% and that of 'Foothill' oat hay was 3.45%(P<0.05). Drying agent treatment increased total nitrogen content of 'Swan'(P <0.05), but preservative had no effect. Crude fiber content of oat cultivar was increased as the curing progressed(P<0.05) and the difference of crude fiber content of oat cultivar was maintained through the whole curing period. Effect of drying agent concentration on crude fiber content was not found after preservation. Crude fiber content of 'Swan' oat hay was higher than that of 'Foothill' by 1.O% in ADF and 3.1 % in NDF(P<0.05). No preservative effect was found in crude fiber content. According to RFV of oat cultivar at harvest, forage quality of 'Foothill' and 'Swan' was Prime and Grade 1, respectively, but that of both cultivm was above Grade 2 at the final curing day. RFV of the stored 'Foothill' and 'Swan' oat hay was 122 and 114(P<0.05), respectively, and the quality of oat hay was classified as Grade 1 and 2, respectively, according to the forage quality standard assigned by AFGC.

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조사료 가치 평가를 위한 근적외선 분광법(NIRS)의 활용 (Applications of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy(NIRS) in Forage Evaluation)

  • 박형수;이종경;이효원
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.81-90
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    • 2004
  • Farmers need timely information on the nutritional status of their animals and the nutritive value of pastures and supplementary feeds if they are to apply successfully this existing nutritional information. Near infrared reflectance(NIR) spectroscopy has been used over the last forty years to analyse accurately protein, fiber, and other organic components in animal foods. NIR spectroscopy is a rapid, non-destructive, and non-polluting technology. When properly calibrated, NIR spectroscopy is used successfully with both concentrate and forage feeds. NIR methods predict in vitro digestibility accurately and precisely, and can predict in vivo digestibility at least as well as conventional "wet chemistry" methods such as in vivo digestion or the pepsin-cellulase method, and much more rapidly. NIR technology has been applied to the routine monitoring (through analysis of feces samples) of the nutritional status of cattle and other grazing animals. This report reviews the use of near infrared reflectance(NIR) spectroscopy to monitor the nutritive value of animal feeds and the nutritional status of grazing animals.

한국에 있어서 답리작을 이용한 양질 조사료 생산기술 (Studies on the Forage Production and Utilization on Paddy Field in Korea)

  • 서성;육완방
    • 한국초지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국초지조사료학회 2002년도 창립 30주년 International Symposium
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    • pp.5-56
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    • 2002
  • The problems in the current domestic forage production were evaluated, and the prospective improvement was suggested in this paper. Grassland development in forest, production of high quality forages in upland and paddy land, efficient utilization of rice straw, development of new varieties of forages suitable for our environmental conditions and imported forages were described Among them, preferential production and utilization of forages using paddy field after rice harvest . should be enlarged for domestic supply of forages in Korea. Several studies were carried out to select the promising forage crops and barley cultivars for whole crop silage production, to determine productivity, nutritive value and production cost of forages produced in paddy field, and feeding effect of forages with Hanuwoo and milking cow for whole crop silage with forages produced in paddy field, 1999 to 2001, and also discussed restraint factors and activation plans for enlargement of forage production in paddy land. The promising forage crops in paddy field were rye and barley for Middle region, and rye, barley, early maturing Italian ryegrass and wheat for Southern region. The promising barley cultivars for whole crop silage in paddy field were Albori in Suwon, Keunalbori, Milyang 92, Saessalbori, and Naehanssalbori in Iksan, and Keunalbori, Albori, Naehanssalbori, and Saegangbori in Milyang, respectively. Silage production, quality and animal palatability of silage by trench and round bale were also compared. The production yields of whole crop barley silage(WBS) were 17,135kg as a fresh matter, and 6,011kg as a dry matter per ha, and the quality of WBS was 2∼3 grade, while that of rice straw silage was 4 grade as a farm basis. The production cost of WBS per kg was 83won as a fresh matter, and 238won as a dry matter. Feeding of WBS as forages on Hanwoo was very desirable for the improvement of live-weight gain, beef quality and farm income, particularly in growing stage of Hanwoo. Milk production and income were also increased, and feed cost was decreased by feeding of WBS. The daily voluntary intake of WBS in milking cow was 26.3kg as a fresh matter(DM 7.7kg) per head. Milk production when WBS was fed, was very similar to that of imported hay feeding such as Kentucky bluegrass or domestic corn silage. The issues to be solved in near future f3r stable forage production and supply in paddy land are sustainable livestock-forages policy, development & seed production of new varieties of barley, rye, Italian ryegrass and other promising forages, efficient demand & supply system of forages, solidification for mass production and utilization of forages, efficient application management of animal slurry on paddy field considering environmental agriculture/livestock industry, and break k development of bottleneck technique in production field. Domestic production & supply of high cost agricultural machine (round baler, wrapper, handler and so on), plastic wrapping film, and silage additives are also important.

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사료맥류의 생육단계별 수량 및 품질 변화 (Changes in Quantity and Quality of Winter Cereal Crops for Forage at Different Growing Stages)

  • 송태화;한옥규;윤성근;박태일;서재환;김경훈;박기훈
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.129-136
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 사료맥류의 최적 수확시기를 검토하기 위하여 맥종별(청보리, 호밀, 귀리, 트리티케일 및 총체밀) 수확시기(출수기, 출수 후 10, 20 및 30일)에 따른 건물수량과 사일리지의 품질을 검토하였다. 건물수량은 모든 맥종에서 출수 후 생육기간이 진행됨에 따라 증가되는 추세를 보였는데, 청보리와 총체밀의 경우 출수 후 20일에 가장 높게 나타났고, 귀리와 트리티케일은 출수 후 30일 가장 높게 나타났다. 화학성분은 생육기간이 길어짐에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였는데 청보리, 총체밀, 트리티케일 및 귀리는 조단백질과 NDF 및 ADF 함량이 모두 감소하였으며, 호밀의 경우 조단백질 함량은 감소하였으나 ADF와 NDF 함량은 증가하였다. TDN 함량과 RFV는 청보리의 경우 출수 후 20일에 가장 높게 나타났고, 총체밀, 트리티케일, 귀리는 출수 후 30일, 호밀은 출수기에 가장 높게 나타났으며, 생육단계별로 제조한 사일리지에서도 같은 경향이었다. 맥종별 사료가치로서 평균 TDN 함량은 보리가 66.98%로 가장 높게 나타났고, 다음으로 총체밀, 트리티케일, 귀리, 호밀 순이었다.

재식밀도가 사일리지용 옥수수의 수량 및 사료가치에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Plant Density on Forage Yield and Quality of Corn)

  • 김종근;정의수;서성;강우성;양종성;조영무
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.49-54
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    • 1998
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate effect of plant density on yield and quality of corn at the forage experimental field, grassland and forage division, National Livestock Research Institute, RDA, Suwon eom 1996 to 1997. The two corn hybrids, P 3352 and G 4743, were grow at plant density of 67,000; 71,000; 83,000 ; 89,000 and 95,000 plantha in 60,70 and 75-an spaced rows. At the low density, plant and ear height were decreased but ear length and weight were increased. Plant density had little effect on the tasseling date, silking date and ear ratio to total dry matter. The total dry matter yield of two hybrids was increased kom 15,294 to 18,996 in P 3352 hybrid and 15,881 to 21,386kglha in G 4743, respectively, by decreasing plant density. Plant density had little effect on the ADF(acid detergent fiber), NDF (neutral detergent fiber) and CP(crude protein) concentrations, but the quality of late maturity hybrid, G 4743, was higher than that of early maturity hybrid, P 3352. The result of this study indicate that 67,000 plantlha plant density was recommendable for machanization and maximum DM yield of corn.

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질소시비수준과 첨가제가 사초용 유채의 사료가치 및 사일리지의 품질에 미치는 영향 II. 질소시비수준과 포름알데히드 처리가 유채 사일리지의 품질에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Levels and Some Additives on the Chemical Composition and Silage Quality of Forage Rape (Brassica napus Subsp. oleifera) II. Effects of N fertilization levels and formaldehyde treatment on the chemical composition of forage rape silage)

  • 조무환;김동암;서성
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.40-46
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    • 1988
  • This study was carried out to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization levels (0, 100 and 200kg/ha) and formaldehyde (0.4,0.8 and 1.2%: w/w CM) on the chemical composition, dry matter (DM) yield and in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of forage rape (Brassica napus Subsp. oleifera) silage. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Forage rape was a catch crop which was highly digestible and low concentration in NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin. 2. The concentration of the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and buffering capacity (PK) was 17.9% and 6.77g/100g, respectively, provided the WSC to PK ratio was 2.65. 3. DM content of silage decreased as the rate of N fertilization increased, but concentration of ammonia-N decreased. IVDMD was not affected by the rate of N fertilization. 4. By the addition of formaldehyde, the pH and IVDMD were increased, but the DM, lactic acid, total organic acid and ammonia-N content of rape silage were decreased, that was effective as a silage additive for forage rape.

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홍천지역에 있어서 파종시기가 추파용유채의 건물수량, 사료성분 및 영양소 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effect of the Sowing Time on the Dry Matter Yield, Nutrient Composition and Nutritive Yield of Forage Rape in Hongchon Area)

  • 김동옥;김병완;성경일;김창주
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 1996
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate to adaptability of forage rape(Brassica napus oleifera) and the determine its proper sowing time for a second cropping on the fallow field after sweet corn yield in the Hongchon area The forage rape, Ramon was sown at intervals of about ten days given eight different sowing times as treatments the early August to the middle October 1988. Plant height and DM yield were significantly higher for the early August(P<0.05) than for the other sowing times. Crude protein contents of the early August, mid August, mid September and late September were higher(P<0.05) 26.5, 24.3, 27.1 and 30.9% as much as that of the late August(l4.9%), respectively. Sowing time having high content of crude fiber shown low content of crude protein. Yields of crude protein were 3.52, 2.36, IAltha in the early, mid and late August, respectively. The highest crude protein yield was shown in the early August(P<0.05). Crude fiber yield was higher in early, mid and late August than in the other sowing times. These results indicate that forage rape sown in the early August as a second cmpping on the fallow field after sweet corn yield in Hongchon area, could be used as the high quality forage.

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