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A Study of the Whakwan (화관에 관한 연구)

  • 홍나영
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.50 no.3
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    • pp.31-42
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    • 2000
  • This study investigated the history of whakwan (crown, 화관(花冠)) and classified the types of whakwan accordint to its structure. Whakwan seemed to originate from the custome of sticking flowers in the hair which was the reflection of human desire of pursuing the beauty . The whakwan fist appeared in the Oriental painting during the Tang period and became fashionable is Song. It is not clear when whakwan was introduced into Korea, but is assumed to be greatly influenced by the Song whakwan. The Korean record on whakwan showed on whakwan showed fro the fist time in the reign of Kimg Sejong and whakwan was used for the costume of a dancing boy. Through the present type of whakwan appeared only one in the painting of the reign of King Seonjo, there are a number of whakwans in the lattern part of the Chosun dynasty, Now there exist three types of whakwan in Korea. The first type is similar to that of Chokduri in decoration . But it was made of paper, had the double structures of inner and outer part and was decorated by Yangkwan's vertical lines of gilt paper. The second type is the whakwan made of artifical flowers with various color cords and was widely used in Geesung and Pyungyang regions. Finally, though the third type is similar to Sabangkwan, its outside was decorated gaudilly iby Dangchae (colorful painting ) and it was assumed that dancing bodys put it on their head for various banquets. Out of these three types, the first is most representative , Black was the popularly used color for the first type and this type was used either for brides on wedding ceremonies or for shamans or palace dancers. The second type was widely used in Gaesung and Pyungyang regions. But the differences in the shape of whakwan of the two regions showed the regional characteristics of traditional costumes in Korea. The third type was most likely to be used in the dance for palace banquets, but it is necessary to further investigate whether shamans actually wore this type of whakwan.

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A Study on the Costume of the Gods in the Ancient Roman Myths (고대 로마 신화에 등장한 신들의 복식 연구)

  • 임상임;추미경
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.945-956
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    • 2001
  • The costume for gods in the Ancient Roman myth was studied by examining in the embossed-carving, sculptures, mural-painting and various documents of the period. The clothes item, hairstyle, symbol & ornaments and shoes of the gods in the Roman myths were analyzed to understand the formative process in the religious costumes, and results are as follows. First, the costumes for male gods are the same as those for ordinary men lived in ages, including toga, paludamentum, tebenna, tunica. The costumes for female gods are also the same as those for ordinary women lived in ages, including stola, palla, tunica. Second, the hairstyle of male gods is short curled-hair, twisty roll-up hair and braid long-hair due to the influence of Etrurian in the early days. Another hairstyle is appeared in form of the laurelled-crown. The hairstyle of female gods is curled long-hair, chignon style and braid roll-up hair decorated with hairband. Third, the symbol & ornaments which represent the responsible possession of male gods, are appeared in beard, a stick of the message, arrow-case, offering-dish, antlered-glass, shield, spear-handle, as the superhuman forms, such as the lightning shape. For female gods they are is appeared plastron, a stick of the message, flower. some female gods wear necklace, foot-ring, bracelet. Fourth, male gods wear shoes in forms of sandal, buskin, boots, but all female gods are in barefoot. It could be explained by the fact that a man-centered society in the ancient roman is reflected in the world of gods. As mentioned, Gods costume in Roman myths was very similar to or nothing different from the ordinary peoples in Rome. However, they used corps, sacrifices or sepcific symbols depending on the fields that they were responsible for in order to be distinguished from the ordinary people. This is the result from the peoples expression that they should keep a close relationship with Gods hoping to be protected, and rely on them under whatever circumstances.

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Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of the Developing Vallate Papillae in the Korean Native Goat (Capra hircus)

  • Cho, Gyuhyen;Kim, Munki;Lee, Sijoon;Kim, Chongsup;Won, Chungkil
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.283-288
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of the present study was to investigate the morphological characteristics of the developing vallate papillae (VP) of Korean native goats using scanning electron microscopy. In prenatal development of the VP, primordia of the VP were observed and the moat was shallowly spread in 60-day-old fetuses. The moat of the vallate papillae was shallowly spread and still undifferentiated in 90-day-old fetuses. The trench wall of the moat of the VP was well developed in 120-day- old fetuses. In neonates, the moat of the VP was more widely and deeply engraved and VP were developed as completely as those of adults. In postnatal development, VP were observed to have continually increased in size with slight morphological changes until 90-days after birth. Taste pores of the VP were shaped like flower leaves in 120-days after birth. The microridges and microplicaes were well developed on the epithelial surface of the VP in goats ranging from 120-day-old fetuses to 120-day-old postnatal animals. These results suppose that the sensing ability for gestation of VP was already well developed by the time of its birth and VP were differentiated into a variety of different shape and size during development.

A Study on Decoration Techniques Applied to the Korean Traditional Costume of Contemporary Style[Part I] - Focusing on Korean Traditional Costumes for Women which were Delivered between 2001 and 2005 - (현대의 전통한복에 사용된 장식기법에 관한 연구[제 I 보] - 2001~2005년도 여자한복을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Soon-Ku;Lee, Young-Ae
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.564-573
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate decoration techniques applied to the Korean traditional costume of modern style which are shown in special monthly magazines relevant to the traditional magazine. Findings of the study can be summarized as follows. The types of decoration techniques applied to the Korean traditional costume are largely classified into single and composite types. In the traditional costume of the former type, a quite many of gold and silver foils and embroideries are found. While, in that of the latter type, a combination of two different decorations, embroideries and seonchigi or multi-colored stripes and seonchigi is often used. These decoration techniques are usually applied to some parts of the costume like git, kkeutdong or cuffs, somae or sleeves, seop, goreum or coat strings, jacket or jeogori, the lower hem of the skirt and between joined parts in the skirt. Used together with the techniques, patterns are usually applied onto embroideries and gold or silver foils. Most of the patterns are flower in shape. The main material of the Korean traditional costume is fabrics that have no pattern on the surface and are commercially available irrespective of season. Git used for jeogori is largely classified into dangko git and donggrae git in type. Its color is in most cases same as the main color of jeogori. Keutdong for jeogori is usually 4 to 5.5 cm in breadth, classified as type II. Its color is in most cases white. Goreum for jeogori is usually large in length. Its color is most cases same as that of jegori or reddish purple or blackish red purple.

Occurrence of Blossom Blight of Petunia Caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum in korea (Choanephora cucurbitarum에 의한 페튜니아 꽃썩음병)

  • 권진혁;강수웅;김정수;박창석
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.112-115
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    • 2001
  • Blossom blight of petunia caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum was found in greenhouses around Jinju area, Gyeongnam province, Korea in April 2001. The disease started with water-soaked lesions on the flower which rapidly withered and was rotten. Calyces developed water-soaked, dark-green lesions, and then were rotten. Whitish mycelia and monosporous sporangiola were produced on the lesions. The fungus isolated from the lesions produced white to pale yellowish brown mycelia with scattered monosporous sporangiola on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) plates. Size of sporangium was 37.2~135.8 um. Monosporous sporangiola were elliptic, fusiform or ovoid, and brown in color and their size was 10.4~22.4$\times$7.4~12.9 um. Sporangiospores were elliptic, fusiform or ovoid in shape, dark brown or brown in color and were 13.7~23.5$\times$8.7~13.8 um in size, and had appendaged appressorium of 3 or more. Zygospores were black, and 40.8~61.5 um in size. The fungus grew on PDA at 15-4$0^{\circ}C$, and optimum temperature was 3$0^{\circ}C$. This is the first report on the blossom blight of petunia caused by C. cucurbitarum in Korea.

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Stem Rot of Hosta longipes Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in Korea (Sclerotium rolfsii에 의한 비비추 흰비단병)

  • Kwon Jin-Hyeuk;Park Chang-Seuk
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.201-203
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    • 2005
  • The stem rot disease was found on Hosta longipes that planted in the flower beds along the Namgang riverside in Jinju city, Korea. The disease occurred first time in July, 2004 and sporadically occurred in 2005. The typical symptom of the disease is water-soaking, dark brown spot on the stem, and getting wilt. The infected plants were mostly died. White mycelial mats were spread over lesions and sclerotia were formed on stems and near soil line. The sclerotia were globoid in shape, $1\~3$ mm in diameter and white to brown in color, The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of the fungus on PDA was $30^{\circ}C$ and the hyphal width was $4\~8{\mu}m$. Clamp connections were observed in the hyphae of the fungus grown on PDA. Pathogenicity of the causal organism was proved on Hosta longipes according to Koch,s postulate. On the basis of mycological characteristics and pathogenicity to host plants, the fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii Saccardo. This is the first report on the stem rot of H. longipes caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.

Microstructures and Tensile Properties in Arc Brazed Joints of Ferritic Stainless Steel using Cu-8.6%Al Insert Metal (Cu-8.6wt%Al 삽입금속을 사용한 페라이트계 스테인리스강의 아크 브레이징 접합부의 미세조직과 인장성질)

  • Cho, Young-Ho;Chung, Chang-Eun;Kang, Myoung-Chang;Kang, Chung-Yun
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.85-92
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    • 2011
  • Microstructures and tensile properties in arc brazed joints of ferritic stainless steel, 429EM using Cu-8.6%Al insert metal was investigated as function of brazing current. The brazing speed was fixed at 800mm/min and brazing current varied in the range of 80A to 120A. The initial phase of filler metal was Cu single phase. However, the insert metal structures of brazed joints was composed of Cu matrix and intermetallic compound such as ${\gamma}_1(Al_4Cu_9)$, and flower-shape Fe-Cr. The fraction of ${\gamma}_1(Al_4Cu_9)$ phase was similar with 80A and 100A brazing currents while that of brazed with 120A was decreased. On the other hand, the fraction of Fe-Cr phase increased with increasing of the brazing current. A reaction layer at the base metal/insert metal interface was observed and this reaction layer was thickened with increasing of the brazing current. In the brazed joints with the current lower than 100A, crack was grew up along the interface which was perpendicular to the tensile stress, and then, passed through the insert metal in the final stage of fracture. As the brazing current increased to 120A, fracture occurred at the base metal.

Particle Shapes and Optical Property of Synthesized ZnO with Amine Additives (아민첨가제를 사용하여 합성된 ZnO의 입자형상 및 광학적 특성)

  • Hyeon, Hye-Hyeon;Hyun, Mi-Ho;Lee, Dong-Kyu
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.23-29
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    • 2016
  • Zinc oxide of hexagonal wurzite, is known as n-type semiconductor. It has a wide band gap energy of 3.37 eV and large exciton binding energy of 60 meV. It can be widely applied to gas sensors, laser diodes, dye-sensitized solar cells and degradation of dye waste. The use of microwave hydrothermal synthesis brings a rapid reaction rate, high yield, and energy saving. Amine additives control the different particle shapes because of the chelate effect and formation of hydroxide ion. In this study, zinc nitrate hexahydrate was used as zinc precursor. In addition, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and hexamethylenetetramine are used as shape control agent. The pH value was controlled as 11 by NaOH. The shapes of zinc oxide are star-like, rod, flower-like, and circular cone. In order to analyze physical, chemical, and optical properties of ZnO with diverse amine additives, we used XRD, SEM, EDS, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and PL spectroscopy.

Corydalis cornupetala Y.H. Kim et J.H. Jeong: A New Species of Corydalis sect. Corydalis (Fumariaceae) (쇠뿔현호색: 현호색속 현호색절의 1신종)

  • Kim, Young-Hee;Jeong, Ji-Hee;Jo, Dong-Gwang;Kim, Zin-Suh
    • Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.217-224
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    • 2007
  • A new species of Corydalis sect. Corydalis (Fumariaceae), Corydalis cornupetala Y.H. Kim et J.H. Jeong is described from Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do in Korea. This new species is distinguished from the other species of the sect. Corydalis by some flower characters such as, purplish white petal with two dark stripes and horn-shaped apex of outer petal. The linear leaflets of C. cornupetala are similar to the lineariloba type of C. remota Fisch. ex Max. or C. namdoensis B.U. Oh et J.G. Kim, but much longer and narrower. The linear or lanceolate bract of C. cornupetala is also distinctive from the elliptical shape of C. remota and C. namdoensis.

A study on the synthesis of tin oxide crystalline by the liquid reduction precipitation method and hydrothermal process (액상환원침전법 및 수열반응법을 이용한 주석산화물 결정 합성에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Il-Jeong;Kim, Geon-Hong;Kim, Dae-Weon;Choi, Hee-Lack;Jung, Hang-Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.95-100
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    • 2016
  • In this work, tin oxides were obtained by the liquid reduction precipitation method and hydrothermal process using $SnCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$, $N_2H_4$, and NaOH. Tin oxide crystals having different sizes and morphologies could be achieved. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). Depending on the molar ratio of the raw materials, tin oxide crystalline with the spherical and rectangular plate-like shape could be obtained, the crystal phase was SnO and $Sn_6O_4(OH)_4$. And the obtained SnO crystals by a hydrothermal reaction showed various shapes, such as, spherical, plate-like and flower-like architectures depending on the temperature conditions.