• 자원환경지질
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2007

청송 무포산응회암은 경상분지 북동부 화산암류에서 하나의 냉각단위로 구별되는 층서단위이다. 이 응회암은 그 입도에 의하면 대부분 응회암에 속하고 구성원에 의하면 파리질 응회암에 속한다. 대부분 부석과 샤드가 일정하게 배열되고 심하게 편평화되어 용결엽리를 발달시키며 여러 가지 흐름지시자를 보여준다. 무포산응회암에서 부석 정향배열에 의한 유상선구조로부터 이동 패턴, 암편과 부석의 와상배열, 용결엽리의 비대칭 유상습곡 등의 흐름 지시자, 암편과 부석의 최대입경의 측방점이, 그리고 구성원 함량의 측방점이에 의하면 이 응회암을 집적시킨 화쇄류는 남동부에서 공급되었던 것으로 해석된다.

• 암석학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.51-65
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• 2010

동막골응회암은 철원분지에서 큰 용적의 화쇄류암으로 구성되는 하나의 층서단위이다. 이 화쇄류암은 부석풍부 파리질응회암에 속하며, 부석편 혹은 피아메가 대부분 심하게 편평화되고 치밀 용결되어 있지만 평행 배열되고 신장되어 있다. 이들은 배열과/혹은 신장에 의한 유상선구조, 와상배열, 인장틈과 부딘구조 등과 같은 흐름지시자를 보여주고 평균최대 암편과 부석편들은 측방으로 입도변화를 나타낸다. 동막골응회암에서 유상선구조에 의한 유향도, 암편과 부석의 여러 비대칭 구조, 평균최대 암편과 부석 입경의 측방점이도 등에 따르면, 이 응회암을 집적시킨 화쇄류는 동막리 남부와 고문리 북부의 경계부 근처에서 공급되었다. 이 응회암을 집적시킨 화쇄류는 흐름의 마지막 단계에 층류로 이동하였으며, 유상선구조는 이때 화쇄류의 일차성 흐름으로 전단력에 의한 정치과정을 겪은 것으로 판단된다.

• 암석학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2017

내연산응회암은 포항 북부의 화산암류에서 하나의 냉각단위로 구별되는 층서단위이다. 이 응회암은 사장석, 석영, 각섬석 등의 결정편, 부석과 샤아드의 유리질편, 데사이트, 유문암, 사암, 셰일 등의 암편으로 구성된다. 이들은 그 입도에 의하면 대부분 라필리응회암에 속하고 구성원에 의하면 파리질 응회암에 속한다. 대부분 부석과 샤아드들은 용결작용과 편평화로 인한 용결엽리를 발달시키며 화쇄류에 의한 흐름지시자를 보여준다. 우리는 이 내연산응회암에서 흐름지시자로서 부석, 암편들의 정향배열에 의한 유상선구조과 와상배열로부터 이동패턴, 암편과 부석들의 평균최대입경에 의한 등입경도로부터 측방점이를 알아냈다. 이러한 이동패턴과 측방점이에 의하면 이 응회암을 집적시킨 화쇄류의 가능공급지가 남동쪽에 있었던 것으로 해석된다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.59-71
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• 1990

Magnetic anisotropy of a total of 213 independently oriented Tertiary rock samples from Pohang-Ulsan area has been studied. The sampled strata comprise basalts, tuffs and black shale, and range in age from Eocene to Miocene. The previous palaeomagnetic studies indicate that their magnetic carrier minerals are titanomagnetites. Among 23 sampled sites, 11 sites were found to preserve magnetic load foliation parallel to the bedding plane caused by the Iithostatic load of the overlying strata. Other 4 sites showed magnetic lineation indicating the flow direction of lava and tuffs. The remaining 8 sites revealed the magnetic tectonic foliation nearly vertical to the bedding plane. This magnetic foliation is interpreted to be generated by tectonic compression which acted nearly horizontally during the solidification stage of the strata. The compression directions deduced from the tectonic foliation of the 8 sites can be grouped into internally very consistent two group: a N-S trending one and the other WNW-ESE trending one. It is interpreted that the former N-S compression was associated with the N-S spreading of the East Sea(Sea of Japan) and the dextral strike-slip movement of the Yangsan-Ulsan fault system. The latter WNW-ESE compression is interpreted to represent the folding and reverse faulting activity in the Korean and Tsushima straits during middle/late Miocene times.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.415-423
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• 1995

A welded tuff with a near-vertical parataxitic fabric crops out as an elliptical shape($500{\times}350m$) in horizontal section, the Geumseongsan volcanic field. It intrudes the Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the upper Hayang Group, surge tuff and rhyolite of the Geumseongsan volcanic complex. Generally it displays an ubiquitous, steeply inward-dipping welding foliation, subparallel to the margins of the intrusion, and a subvertically inward-inclined lineation defined by extremely stretched fiammes on the welding foliation plane. These fabrics suggest its overall form may be of an inverted cone-shaped plug representing a flared vent that served as a feeder for extrusive welded ash-flow tuff sheets.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.357-367
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• 1996

A total of 113 samples (basalts, tuffs, and siltstones from coal-bearing sediments) was collected from 14 sites of the Tertiary Changgi basin in southeastern Korea, and studied palaeomagnetically. Site-mean declination of the ChRM from 5 sites was found to be deflected clockwise about $30^{\circ}$. Other 5 sites showed no vertical-axis deflection of ChRM direction. In consideration of previous palaeomagnetic data from other Tertiary basins in the vicinity, it is interpreted that the deflection of ChRM directions has been caused by NNW-SSE simple shear associated with the opening of the East Sea, and the time of rotation should be about 16 Ma. Other 2 sites showed counterclockwise deflection of site-mean ChRM. These sites might be located among lager tectonic blocks which were rotating clockwise. AMS (anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility) study revealed $NE{\rightarrow}SW$ directed magnetic lineation at two tuffaceous sites. This might indicate flow direction of tuffs during the time of deposition. Most of the other sites showed load-foliation lying subparallel to the bedding plane. This must have been caused by gravitational loading acted vertically to the strata.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 1974

From the point of view of geological history, the land of South Korea is regarded as the subject of processes of the changes in formations of several geological blocks such as Kyonggi massif, Yeongnam massif, Taebaegsan basin, Kyungsang basin and so on. Through the long period of geological chronology, the present topography and geotectonics have been formed by the complicate interactions of epirogenetic movements, magmatism, orogenesis, differential vertical movements, metamorphism and sedimentation. The reason of the crust movements mentioned above, is suppossed that the Pacific and West Pacific plate have subducted directly or indirectly into the East Asia plate. This fact can be endorsed by the results of the studies on the heat flow, gravity anomaly, absolute age dating, tectonic lineation, lithofacies and the temperature of hot spring in South Korea. The formations of metal ore deposits as well as other geological processes can be determined by the mechanical control of the plates and be divided into several systematic patterns. The investigation of about 110 metal mines in South Korea shows the following results. (1) Plate boundary volcanic type is about 28% (2) Plate boundary plutonic type is about 44% (3) Intraplate sedimentary type is about 26% (4) Intraplate magmatic type is about 2%.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.613-624
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• 1997

A study of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) was conducted on the Ordovician-Eocene strata in the Taebaek area. The study area is a northeastern part of the Okchon belt, sometimes called as Paegunsan Synclinal Area. A total of 600 independently oriented samples were collected from 60 sites covering the whole area. With a few exception of late Cretaceous-Eocene volcanic rocks, all the sampled strata are nonmetamorphosed sedimentary rocks, mainly sandstones. Among the 60 sites, 5 sites showed flow lineation lying on the bedding plane, 11 sites showed load foliation parallel to the bedding plane, and 21 sites showed tectonic foliation unrelated to the bedding plane. The tectonic foliations are defined by $k_1-k_2$ ($k_{max}-k_{int}$) anisotropy plane, and are considered as a result of tectonic forces acted perpendicularly to the foliation plane in the geologic past. Regardless of sample-site locations, tectonic force directions defined by $k_3$ ($k_{min}$) axis perpendicular to the tectonic foliation are consistent among the strata of the same geologic age. In the course of geologic time, however, the tectonic force directions showed a clockwise rotation: approximately E-W in the Ordovician sites, NW-SE in the Permian sites, N-S in the Triassic sites, and lastly NE-SW in the late Cretaceous-Eocene sites. The pre-Permian directions showed better clustering in the in-situ (geographic) coordinates, while the younger directions become better clustered after the bedding-tilt correction. It is interpreted that the major tectonic structures of the Taebaek area were controlled by the above-mentioned tectonic forces: The Paegunsan Syncline and the Hambaeksan Fault must have been generated by the NW-SE force of late Permian-early Triassic time. It was then reactivated in the reverse (dextral) sense by the N-S force of Triassic time. The Osipchon Fault in the eastern part of the study area was either generated or reactivated by the NE-SW force of late Cretaceous-Eocene time. The Permo-Triassic NW-SE force should be an expression of the Songnim Disturbance in the Korean peninsula, which is in turn related with the SCB/NCB collision in China.