• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.477-484
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of Thera-Band stretching exercise on flexibility of shoulder joint. Methods: The research deign was a experimental pre-post control group design. Sixteen subject were randomly divided into two groups; experimental group(n=8) and control group(n=8). Experimental group performed Thera-Band PNF stretching for 4 weeks and control group was not performed. To compare with the effectiveness of Thera-Band PNF stretching between two groups, I measured flexibility of shoulder joint with an Apley scratch test. The data were analyzed by Independence T-test. Results: The experimental group was significantly increased the flexibility at the right and left shoulder internal rotation. But the experimental group was not significantly increased the flexibility at the right and left shoulder external rotation. Conclusion: These result suggest that home-based exercise programs with Thera-Band can serve as a practical and effective means of flexibility gains in general people.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate Influence of Stretching exercise on Flexibility of Trunk and Equilibrium Ability in Post-Adolescent. Methods : Stretching group(n=20), control group(n=20) measured trunk extension ROM, trunk flexion ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, and equilibrium ability at pre-intervention, post-intervention in 3 weeks, post-intervention in 6 weeks. Results : Trunk extension ROM, trunk flexion ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, and equilibrium ability of stretching group was significantly increased within the intervention period (p<.05). The trunk extension ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, equilibrium ability was significantly different among the experimental groups at in 3 weeks and in 6 weeks, but trunk flexion ROM was significantly different at only in 6 weeks(p<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, it was found stretching exercise can increase Flexibility of Trunk and Equilibrium Ability. stretching exercise need to be applied for Post-Adolescent.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of aquatic exercise program on pain, body weight, fatigue, flexibility in elderly women with osteoarthritis. Methods: The subjects of the study were sixty nine elderly women(age over 65years)who have an osteoarthritis. Aquatic exercise program consist of approximately one hour of exercise in water, two days per week, for six weeks. Data were gathered from September 2002 to August 2004 using a questionnaire and measuring body weight, flexibility of shoulder.. Data were analyzed with the SPSS Win 10.0 using frequency and paired t-test for differences between pre-exercise and post-exercise. Results: The results of this study are as follows: pain score, fatigue, body weight of post test were lower than those of pre test(t=5.587, p=0.000 ; t=3.394, p=0.001 ; t=4.664, p=0.000). Right and left flexibility scores of post test were better than those of pretest(Left: t=4.736, p=0.000 ; righrt: t=4.733, p=0.000). Conclusion: From these results, it is concluded that the aquatic exercise program can be effective in increasing physical and psychological function in elderly women.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of BeHaS exercise program on the upper body function(muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility) in middle-aged women. Method: Middle-aged women were recruited in the community the study was conducted from August 2005 to December 2005. Twenty-two experimental subjects were selected from P area, eighteen control subjects were selected from A area. The experimental group carried out the program two times a week for 12 weeks. Muscle strength(grip strength, pinch strength), muscle endurance (push-up), flexibility were measured. Data were analyzed with $x^2$-test, t-test, and ANCOVA using SPSS WIN 11.5. Results: 1) Left grip strength and right pinch strength of the experimental group were significant differences after the BeHaS exercise program. 2)Muscle endurance of the experimental group(t=3.14, p=0.015) was significant difference after the BeHaS exercise program. 3) Left and right flexibility showed no significant differences after the BeHaS exercise program. Conclusion: The results suggest that BeHaS exercise program would partially improve upper body function of middle-aged women. Further studies are necessary in order to determine the effects of flexibility after BeHaS exercise program.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of graded low back exercise program with patient education about low back pain care on abdominal strength, endurance and flexibility of waist of chronic low back pain patents. For this study 13 patients aged 40 to 60 were selected as subjects, who suffered from low back pain and got diagnosed by physician. The exercise program and the education were executed for total 6 weeks, posture education were executed with physical exercises over first 1 to 4 weeks period and over 5 to 6 weeks the exercises were executed. The effect of the exercises and the education were evaluated through weights, WHR, fat(%), flexibility by sit-and-reach and trunk extension test, strength by sit-up test and back sit-up test. Weights were, decreased after physical exercise and education, but there was no statistical significance. Wasit hip ratio(WHR) and fat(%) were decreased after physical exercise and education, but there were no statistical significances. Sit-and-reach was significantly increased from $13.68{\pm}5.59cm$ to $19.45{\pm}3.81cm$ after education and physical exercise(P<0.05). Trunk extension was significantly increased from $30.31{\pm}11.34cm$ to $40.88{\pm}6.16cm$ after education and physical exercise(P<0.05). Sit-up and Back sit-up were increased after physical exercise and education, but there were no statistical significances. These results suggest that graded low back exercise program with patient education about low back pain care increase the abdominal strength, endurance and the flexibility of waist in low back pain patients.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.119-131
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine effect of Tai-Chi exercise program on pain, flexibility, perceived health status and instrumental activities of daily living for osteoarthritis patients. To evaluate the effects, quasi-experimental study was used for pre and post test with a nonequivalent control group. Method: Fifty-two subjects participated in the experiment(twenty-seven for experimental group and twenty-five for control group) and they were from two different senior citizen centers in J city. The experiment period was from April 2002 through August 2002. The experiment group took part in Tai-Chi exercise program for eighteen weeks(three times a week for four weeks and five times a week for fourteen week). The exercise was performed for 50 minutes at every time (15 minutes for warm-up, 30 minutes for Tai-Chi exercise, and 5 minutes for ending). In order to pursue study purpose, the SPSS/WIN 8.0 program was chosen for the statistical analysis; ANCOVA was employed in examining test hypothesis; t-test and $X^{2}-test$ were used to examine homogeneity between experimental and control group. Result: The study results were as follows: Score of pain decreased significantly after of Tai-Chi exercise program. Score of flexibility increased significantly after of Tai-Chi exercise program. Score of perceived health status increased significantly after of Tai-Chi exercise program. Score of IADL increased significantly after of Tai-Chi exercise program. Conclusion: As shown in the results, Tai-Chi exercise program can be effective nursing intervention for osteoarthritis patient to improve pain, flexibility, perceived health status and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.2197-2202
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• 2020

Background: If there is a difference in leg length, the center of gravity shifts unilaterally toward the short leg, causing loss of balance and secondary postural imbalance, trunk muscle tone changes, gait abnormalities and pelvic imbalance. Objectives: To investigate effects of self exercise program on leg length, balance in adults with leg-length discrepancy. Design: Single blind randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-eight participants were selected and divided into resistance exercise, flexibility exercise, and core exercise. Each exercise was performed for 40 minutes, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Leg length and balance before and after exercise were measured and analyzed. Results: Following the interventions, resistance exercise group showed significant improvement in balance, but leg length difference did not show significant results. Flexibility exercise group showed significant improvement in leg length difference, but balance did not show significant results. Core exercise group showed significant improvement in leg length difference and balance. There was no significant difference in the comparison between the three groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that customized exercise according to the patient's level is beneficial to the patients.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1810-1817
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• 2019

Background: Effect of cervical and lumbar tractions on the reduction in the angle of curvature and the effect of a correction exercise or a general traction method on balance, muscle strength, pain, and body alignment, however insufficient research has been undertaken on self traction exercises targeting patients with scoliosis. Purpose: To determine the effect of cervical and lumbar tractions on the reduction in the angle of curvature and the effect of a correction exercise or a general traction method on balance, muscle strength, pain, and body alignment. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial (single blinded) Methods: Twelve adults(20s) with scoliosis were included in this study and performed a traction program that was composed of a 5-min warm-up exercise, a 15-min main exercise, and a 5-min cool-down exercise (25 minutes in total), three times a week for four weeks. The Chiro traction machine was used for the self-traction exercise. Vertebral alignment, muscle strength, and flexibility were compared before and after the intervention using the paired T-test. Results: The scoliosis angle, pelvic torsion, and lumbar extensor were significantly changed by intervention; however, there was no significant difference in flexibility. Conclusion: The results revealed that self-traction exercise activated blood flow through the extension and contraction of muscles, effectively increasing the function of the muscles around the vertebrae.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.62-74
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study is intended to evaluate the effectiveness and analyse the change on flexibility, muscular volume and pain of university students with low back pain by stabilization exercise using XCO. Methods: The subjects(N=23) with low back pain are recruited from K university located Chungbuck. The subjects which are divided to 2 group as experimental group(N=12) conducted the stabilization exercise using XCO and control group(N=11) conducted the general stabilization exercise. The flexibility, muscular volume and pain were measured before and after intervention. Results: There were no significant differences(p>.05) in sex, age, height and weight among subjects. Also there were no significant differences(p>.05) in muscular volume and pain between of the experimental group and control group. A significant difference(p<.05) in the flexibility, contraction EO(External Oblique), contraction IO(Internal Oblique), contraction TA(Transverse Abdominal) and pain in the experimental group. There was significant difference(p<.05) in the flexibility, contraction EO(External Oblique), contraction IO(Internal Oblique) and pain in the control group. There was a significant difference(p<.05) in the flexibility of the experimental group between the control group. Conclusion: Based on this study, through a variety of age and various intervention period to apply more subjects conducting Stabilization exercise using XCO should continue.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.23-36
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• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Plank exercise on unstable support surfaces on flexibility, abdominal muscle thickness and pain in patients with chronic back pain. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: This study was performed on 16 patients with chronic back pain of ◯◯ military unit. Sixteen subjects were randomly assigned into two groups, an upper extremity trainer group (group I, n=8) and a lower extremity trainer group (group II, n=8). The subjects in group I carried out Flank exercise applying the stability trainer to their upper extremities and ones in group II carried out the same exercise applying the stability trainer to their lower extremities for 4 weeks. In order to ascertain the difference between two groups, flexibility, abdominal muscle thickness and pain were measured before and after the exercise. The flexibility was measured by sit and reach test, the thickness of the abdominal muscle was measured by using ultrasonic imaging equipment, and the pain was measured by the visual analogue scale. A paired t-test was utilized to compare changes in pain, abdominal muscle thickness and flexibility before and after flank exercise on unstable support surfaces. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was performed for ascertaining the significant differences between groups. The significance level was set by α=.05. Results: 1) The flexibilities of two groups were increased after the exercise (p<0.05). 2) In both groups, the thicknesses of rectus abdominis, external oblique abdominis, internal oblique abdominis, and transverse abdominis were all increased after the exercise (p<0.05). 3) The pains in both groups were decreased after the exercise (p<0.05). 4) In the comparisons of two groups, there were no differences in the flexibility, thickness of external oblique abdominis, internal oblique abdominis and transverse abdominis and pain (p>0.05). Whereas only thickness of Rectus abdominis was larger in the group I than in the group II (p<0.05). Conclusion: Plank exercise on the unstable support surface for 4 weeks resulted in increased flexibility, abdominal muscle thickness and pain reduction in patients with chronic back pain. Therefore, it is considered that performing flank exercise on the unstable supporting surface is suitable for the reduction of the pain in patients with chronic back pain. However, in this study, it is considered that continuous and diverse studies are needed because there was not a large difference between the groups when the upper or lower limbs are provided unstable support surfaces.