• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.511-515
• /
• 2005

쓰가루 사과 과실과 백향 복숭아 과실에서 1-MCP 처리에 대한 반응의 차이를 조사하였다. 쓰가루 사과는 수확 직후 1회의 1 또는 5 ppm의 1-MCP처리에 의하여 2주간의 저장 기간 중 품질의 지표인 과육의 경도와 적정 산도의 저하가 크게 억제되었다. 또한 1-MCP의 처리는 지속적으로 과실의 호흡을 억제하였으며 에틸렌 생성의 개시 시점을 늦추는 효과를 나타내었다. 그러나 백향 복숭아에서는 수확 후 반복적인 1-MCP의 처리에 의해서만 약간의 연화 억제 효과를 관찰할 수 있었으며 호흡 또는 에틸렌 생성 억제 효과는 일시적이었다. 이는 백향 복숭아의 에틸렌에 대한 반응성이 1-MCP처리 후 빠르게 회복되기 때문으로 생각된다. 백향 복숭아에서 1-MCP처리에 의해 과실의 저장성을 향상하려면 반복적인 처리가 요구되며 처리 중에 에틸렌의 축적을 회피하기 위한 방법이 강구되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
• /
• pp.1624-1624
• /
• 2001

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to investigate the possibility for application in identification of apple cultivars. Three apple cultivars ‘Kamhong, Hwahong, and Fuji’ produced in Korea were scanned over the range of 1100-2500nm using NIRS (Infra Alzer 500). Two types of samples were used for scanning; one was apple with skin and the other was apple without skin. For cultivar identification, the NIR absorbance spectrums were analyzed by qualitative calibration in “Sesame” analysis program, and the various influence properties such as sugar contents, acidity, color, firmness, and micro-structure were compared in scanned samples. The ‘Kamhong’ cultivar could be identified from ‘Hwahong’ and ‘Fuji’ cultivars using the cluster model analysis. The test samples in calibration between ‘Kamhong’ and ‘Fuji’ cultivars could be completely identified. The test samples in calibration between ‘Kamhong’ and ‘Hwahong’ cultivars could be identified most of all. But, ‘Hwahong’ and ‘Fuji’ cultivars could not be quite classified each other. The apple skin influenced the identification process of apple cultivars. The samples without skin were more difficult to classify in calibration than the samples with skin. The physicochemical properties of apple cultivars showed like the result of identification in calibration using NIRS. Some physicochemical properties of ‘Kamhong’ cultivar were different from those of the other cultivars. Those of ‘Hwahong’ and ‘Fuji’ cultivars showed. similar to each other. The sucrose contents of ‘Kamhong’ cultivar were higher and the fructose contents and firmness of skin and flesh were lower than those of the others. The hypodermis layer of skin in ‘Kamhong’ cultivar was thinner than those of the others. In this studies, the identification of all apple cultivars by NIRS was not quite accurate because of the physicochemical properties which were different in the same cultivar, and inconsistent patterns by culivars in some properties. To solve these problems in NIRS application for apple cultivar identification, further study should be focused on the use of peculiar properties among the apple cultivars.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.405-411
• /
• 2011

In this study, we evaluated the changes of fruit quality indices during fruit development and ripening in Korean new pear cultivar 'Wonhwang' and 'Whasan' to determine appropriate harvest time and to enhance the marketability. The fruit of each cultivar harvested from 100 days after full bloom (DAFB) to 135 and 150 DAFB in 'Wonhwang' and 'Whasan', respectively. The fruit growth of both cultivars showed a typical single sigmoidal pattern. Flesh firmness of two cultivars decreased continuously with fruit development and ripening, reaching a final level of about 2.6 kgF at harvest stage. The starch content of fruit sap was much higher in the fruits of early development stage than the later stage of fruit ripening. In 'Wonhwang' pears, the starch level decreased coincide with fruit ripening (130 DAFB), while that of 'Whasan' decreased from very early stage of fruit development (120 DAFB), 30 days before full ripe. 'Whasan' pear showed much lower acidity level of about 0.13% during fruit development and ripening period compared with that of 'Wonhwang'. Therefore, the ratio of soluble solids to total acidity (TSS/acid) increased gradually with fruit development and ripening, reaching a final level of 80 and 98 in 'Wonhwang' and 'Whasan', respectively. There were no climateric rise of fruit respiration during fruit ripening periods in two oriental pear cultivar. The changes of skin color difference including hunter vale $a^*$ which means loss of green color occurred only after onset of ripening in two cultivars.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.400-408
• /
• 2012

Effects of initial controlled atmosphere (CA) treatment on quality maintenance of 'Fuji' apples were assessed and compared with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment and continuous CA storage. Apples were harvested twice at different maturity, treated with 1 ${\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 1-MCP and then stored for 8 months at $0^{\circ}C$ under 3 conditions: air, CA for the first month followed by air (initial CA), and continuous CA (full CA). CA storage was performed with 1.5 kPa $O_2$ and < 1.0 kPa ($N_2$ balance). Following long-term storage, export simulation, refrigerated shipment and local distribution, were performed by holding apples at $0^{\circ}C$ for 2 weeks and on the shelf at $20^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Both the application of 1-MCP and CA storage reduced ethylene production and respiration rates. Initial CA storage was also effective on reducing the metabolism although the effects were not as noticeable as full CA. Full CA storage with or without 1-MCP treatment maintained titratable acidity, flesh firmness, and sensory quality at the acceptable to excellent level even after the export simulation following 8-month storage regardless of harvest maturity. In contrast, effects of initial CA storage were limited to the maintenance of firmness and texture in early-harvested apples. Overall results indicated that harvest maturity is the critical factor for export fruit quality after long-term storage when separate treatment of initial CA storage or 1-MCP treatment is applied as a postharvest program.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.136-144
• /
• 1992

본 연구는 과실피막제(果實被膜劑)가 조생종 '쓰가루' 사과의 저장(貯藏)과 유통(流通) 중의 신선도(新鮮度) 유지에 미치는 영향을 검토하므로 '쓰가루' 사과의 유통기간(流通期間) 연장방안(延長方案)을 모색하고자 하였다. '쓰가루' 사과에 대한 수확후(收穫後) 피막제(被膜劑) 처리(處理)는 저장 및 저장 후 유통과정에서의 상품성(商品性) 유지(維持)에 효과적이었다. 저장전(貯藏前) 처리(處理)에서는 wax피막제(被膜劑)의 무게 감량(減量) 방지 효과가 탁월하였는데 처리농도가 높은 것이 (2배(倍) 희석(稀釋)) 감량방지(減量防止) 효과가 높았으며 wax 종류간에는 수용성(水溶性) wax가 같은 농도에서 용매용해성(溶媒溶解性)보다 다소 우수하였다. 저장 전 Prolong처리는 무게감량방지 및 경도 유지면에서 wax보다 낮았으나 저장후(貯藏後) 처리시 wax보다 신선도 유지에 효과적인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 피막제 종류에 따라 처리시기를 달리하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단되었다. '쓰가루' 저장 중 탄산(炭酸)가스 유사장해(類似障害)가 발생하였는데 이러한 장해의 직접적인 원인은 확인되지 않았으나 '쓰가루' 사과의 저장을 안전하게 하기 위하여 추후 장해 발생 원인과 대책에 대한 연구가 수행될 필요가 있다.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.38-49
• /
• 2013

Prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca), ethephon and transient water stress were evaluated in a factorial design, as potential inhibitors of early-season shoot growth of high density orchard management of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees. In the experiment, water stress was imposed to one-half of the 7-year-old 'Golden Delicious'/M.9 apple trees in each of 5 blocks, by stopping irrigation for 3 weeks between 35 and 56 days after full bloom (AFB). Within each whole unit, the following Pro-Ca and ethephon treatments were randomly allocated at $2{\times}2$ factorial: a) 0 or 250 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ a.i. Pro-Ca applied at 28 days AFB and b) 0 or 300 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ a.i. ethephon applied twice (35 and 71 days AFB). All trees were hand thinned to king flowers prior to treatments. Vegetative shoot growth was markedly reduced by Pro-Ca, with its effect being obvious within 14 days after application, while ethephon and water stress treatments were less effective. Pro-Ca had no effect on fruit set and yield but slightly increased fruit size. Ethephon substantially reduced the fruit size and yield but had no effect on fruit set. Water stress reduced fruit set, fruit size and yield. With regard to fruit quality, Pro-Ca did not influence fruit shape, flesh firmness and soluble solids contents (SSC) but slightly reduced titratable acidity. Ethephon had no effect on fruit shape but increased firmness, SSC and acidity, while water stress did not influence these fruit quality attributes. Dry weight of dormant spur buds was reduced by both Pro-Ca and water stress, while increased by ethephon. The larger dormant buds led to the larger spur flowers at the tight cluster stage the following spring. Return flowering was promoted only by ethephon, especially on previous season's shoots. There were no significant interactions between Pro-Ca and ethephon or water stress on most variables observed in this study.

• 한국포장학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 2021

The evaluation of package temperature for fresh preservation of cucumber was investigated. The fresh cucumber is available in markets of Korea during whole seasons, for the help of farmer, distributor and consumer. Cucumbers were stored within cardboard boxes packaging covered with low density polyethylene (LDPE) at different temperatures (5, 10, 15 and 20℃). Changes in weight loss, hue angle, firmness, moisture content and general appearance (shape of cucumber) were investigated during storage of cucumbers. General appearance index with non-packaging decreased more than with LDPE film packaging at 5℃ and 10℃. During storage of cucumbers, general appearance index as freshness showed packaging effect at low temperature than room temperature. In the fresh weight loss, the packaged cucumbers were less reduced than that of the non-packaging ones. At color change, Hue angle of cucumber stored within low temperature with film packaging decreased gradually during storage. However remarkable change in hue angle were observed in cucumber within LDPE film packaging treatments of 15℃ and 20℃ storage. The effect of hue angle with packaging appears differently depending on the storage temperature conditions. The firmness and moisture content of cucumber flesh were not affected by packaging and storage temperature. In this experiment, cucumbers packaged with LDPE film at 5℃ and 10℃ were the most desirable for extending the quality. These results suggest that packaging of low temperature treatments in combination could be effective in prolonging the shelf life of cucumber.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.601-614
• /
• 2018

Chitosan with a natural antimicrobial property has been introduced to protect horticultural crops from diseases as an environmentally friendly method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the pre-harvest application of chitosan on growth and quality during the late stage of fruit development and on the simulated marketing of the peach fruit (Prunus persica L.). The application of chitosan with calcium chloride ($100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) three times at one week intervals 4 weeks before the harvest significantly increased the fruit weight, changed the fruit shape, and reduced the fruit length/diameter ratio giving the peach fruits a round oblate shape. The calcium treatment contributed to enhancing or maintaining the storage potential by increasing the flesh firmness. However, at higher concentrations of $CaCl_2$, i.e., > $600mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, the positive effects of the chitosan application were offset, and fruit growth was not affected by calcium alone. The application of the chitosan/calcium mixture delayed fruit softening; however, this effect was shortened when the storage temperature was $20^{\circ}C$ rather than $15^{\circ}C$. The internal quality of the fruit was profoundly affected by the concentration of calcium added to the chitosan, and delayed fruit maturation was observed at a higher concentration of calcium. The pre-harvest application of chitosan with calcium contributes to the enhancement of food safety by inhibiting the occurrence of diseases during postharvest handling. Considering the above results, chitosan has the potential to improve both the yield of peach fruits and their storability. Because chitosan can enhance the freshness and shelf-life of fresh produce, it is necessary to examine its effects on other horticultural crops.

• 현장농수산연구지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.21-29
• /
• 2006

우리사과의 재배노력 절감으로 대외경쟁력 향상을 위한 기초 자료로 활용코자 몇가지 실험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 사과 수확시 및 선별시 과경에 의한 과피의 상처발생은 선별시 보다 수확시에 많이 발생하였고 대과에서 상처발생이 심하였다. 사과 수확시 과경을 절단하면서 수확하면 과경을 절단하지 않고 수확하는 것보다 수확량이 반이하로 줄어서 수확노력이 배 이상 소요된다. 사과 선별기의 접시와 집적판 사이의 간격이 0cm인 경우에 소과에서 과피에 상처가 적게 발생하였다. 사과의 과경을 절단하여 저장하는 것이 과경을 무절단하여 저장하는 것 보다 과중이 크게 감소되어 저장시에는 사과의 과경을 절단하지 않도록 하여야 할 것으로 생각되며 사과의 과경절단 유무에 따른 사과의 경도는 차이가 없었다. 경와부 밖으로 돌출된 사과과경의 길이는 사과의 크기와 차이가 없는 경향 이었다. 따라서 사과의 과경을 절단하지 않음으로서 과경절단에 소요되는 노력절감 및 과경절단 비용을 소득화 하고 원활한 대일 수출, 품질유지 등에 기여하였으면 한다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 2000

Physicochemical properties and sensory evaluation of Satsuma mandarin produced in Cheju were investigated . Fruit index(width/Length), soluble solids and acid content of Citrus unshiu marc. var. miyagawa(miyagawa) and C. unshiu marc. var.(okitsu) harvested at 1st December were 1.16 and 1.23, 12.12 and 12.01, 0.97 and 1.09, respectively. and the fruit of miyagawa was showed somewhat round in shape, compared to ikitsu. the taste of miyagawa seemed to be better than okitsu. However, compared to miyagawa, peel thickness was thinner, flesh ratio was higher, and firmness was higher as 0.502kg-force in kitsu. Nevertheless there were some differences among panelist groups in sensory evaluation , middle size of citrus fruits were favorable to most panelists, but except very small or very large size of fruits, there were not so much differences in okitsu. The panelists referred to somewhat flat-shaped fruits from that sensory evaluation score was increased to 1.3 in fruit index. nevertheless there were not so much differences in full-colored fruits, the citrus peel color of reddish yellow was more favorable than greenish or pale yellow color. the score was increased more linearly according to citrusfruit produced in optimum ciltivation area, and was prefered to thinner in peel thickness , Correlation between soluble solids, acid content , Brix/acid ratio and flesh ratio with sensory evaluation score were not showed significantly, it was different to with citrus juice. This data obtained in this experiments are supposed to be applied to the quality evaluation of Satsuma mandarin produced in Cheju .