• Title/Summary/Keyword: fixtures

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A Survey on the actual conditions of Lighting Environment and Residents' Evaluation in Liveing rooms (주택거실의 조명환경 실태와 거주자의 평가)

  • 안옥희
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.149-158
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual conditions of illumination circumstances in living rooms and the evaluation of residents about those. The respondents of this study were residents of 236 detached houses and 163 apartment houses in Taegu city, The results are as follows: (1) Fluorescent lamps are usded in living rooms by half and plural lighting fixtures are generally used; ceiling light and chandelier. While direct light system is generally used and core type is the most frequent in living rooms. (2) The average used illumination level is 59.7 1x while the possession illumination level is 84.9 1x by investigating of illumination circumstances. (3) Over half of residents are satisfied with illumination circumstances in their own houses. While they wish to improve the lighting fixtures lightness and the kind of light soure in order. And the evaluation of residents are medial level.

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A Development of Street Lighting Fixtures and Operation Plan in Residential Areas (주거단지의 가로조명기구 개발 및 운용방안)

  • Chong, Soo-Jung;Oh, Eun-Suk;Choi, An-Seop
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2005
  • The street lighting needs to provide safe and comfortable environment together with producing good atmosphere suitable for the pedestrian's various needs. Thus, the choice of the street lighting futures should be based on the needs of the them and the needs of the street rather than the precedences or appearances. This study proposes street lighting futures based on the need of the street lighting and their operation plan, and also analyzes the problems of current fixtures.

Consideration of a LED Luminaire Standard for Naval Vessels (함정용 LED 조명기구의 표준화 방안)

  • Kim, Il-Kwon;Cho, Hyang-Eun;Kil, Gyung-Suk;Kwon, Hyuk-Sang;Cho, Heung-Gi
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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    • 2011.06a
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    • pp.182-182
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    • 2011
  • This paper dealt with a design guide of LED luminaire standard for naval vessels. Several standards such as Korean Industrial Standard (KS), Korea Defence Standard (KDS) and US Military Standard (MIL) were compared in terms of safety and performance of lighting fixtures. The electrical and optical characteristics of the FL fixtures were experimentally analyzed to acquire design rules for LED luminaires. Based on the study results, we proposed the concept of a LED luminaire standard.

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Control of a Two-Arm Robot System for Assembly in Highy Uncertain Environment (불확실한 환경에서 조립을 수행하는 두 대의 로봇 팔 제어)

  • Jeong, Seong-Yeop;Gang, Gyeong-Dae;Lee, Du-Yong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.24 no.12
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    • pp.3072-3079
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    • 2000
  • Assembly tasks are often performed by one robot with fixtures. This type of assembly system has low flexibility in terms of the variety of parts and the part-presentation the system can handle. This paper addresses assembly without fixtures using two-manipulator robot. An active method using force feedback is proposed for the peg-in-hole assembly in highly uncertain environment. Assembly states are defined as status having unique motion constraints and events are modeled as variation of the environmental force. The states are recognized through identification of the events using two 6-d. o. f. force/moment sensors. The proposed method is verified and evaluated by experiments with round peg-in-hole assembly.

Active assembly Method Using a Two-Arm Robot System in Highly Uncertain Environment (불확실한 환경에서 두 팔 로봇을 이용한 능동적 조립 방법)

  • 정성엽;강경대;이두용
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2000.10a
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    • pp.73-73
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    • 2000
  • Assembly is usually performed by one robot and fixtures. This type of assembly system has Low flexibility in terms of variety of parts and part-presentation that the system can handle. This paper addresses assembly without fixtures using two-manipulator robot. An active method using force feedback is proposed for the peg-in-hole assembly in highly uncertain environment. Assembly states are described by extended contact relations. Qualitative templates for events are easily derived from the token vector of the Petrinet model. The states are recognized through identification of the events using two 6-d.o.f force/moment sensors. The proposed method is verified and evaluated through experiments with round peg- in-hole assembly.

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Analysis of the Illuminance Distribution on the Blackboard in Classroom of the Elementary and Senior (Junior) High School (초.중.고교의 흑판조도분포 분석)

  • Kim, Tae-Hyoun;Sun, Sang-Kweon;Park, Tong-Wha
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1997.07e
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    • pp.1764-1766
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    • 1997
  • In this paper, the illuminance distribution of blackboards on classroom in elementary, junior, and senior high school was measured and analyzed. Generally, average illuminance and uniformity of illuminance was 519[lx] and 0.543 (elementary: 389[lx], 0.387; junior: 632[lx], 0.570; senior: 527[lx], 0.608) respectively. When all lighting fixtures in each classroom were turned on, average illuminance was higher about 65% than lights-out, and, in case that local lighting fixtures exist, was higher 27% than absence, but uniformity of illuminance turned bad on the contrary ($0.462{\rightarrow}0.676$). According to classification into direction of windows on classroom. facing north, both were bad. In case of classroom to slant to east or west, the difference of illuminance at the forenoon and afternoon was big, and uniformity of illuminance was also bad.

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Thermal Modeling of Quasi-Adiabatic Room and Lighting Fixture for Estimation of Internal Heat Gain by Luminaires (조명기구를 통한 내부획득열 추정을 위한 고단열실 및 조명기구의 열적 모델링)

  • Park, He-Rie;Choi, Eun-Hyeok;Lee, Kwang-Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2012
  • In order to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission in building domain, thermal insulation of building is being enhanced. In a well insulated and tightened environment, internal heat gain caused by solar radiation, luminaires, electronic appliances and metabolism can be more important to thermal condition of building. This paper presents mathematical/physical models of quasi-adiabtic room and lighting fixtures using heat balance equation and thermal-electric analogy to quantify and modelize the heat gain due to luminaires. Experimental results are used to identify thermal parameters of theoretical models. And simulation results of models using Matlab/Simulink are conducted to verify the models and to investigate the thermal effect of lighting fixtures into quasi-adiabatic room.

Design Guide of Surface and Watertight LED Luminaires for Naval Vessels (함정용 노출.방수형 LED 조명기구의 설계 방안)

  • Kil, Gyung-Suk;Kim, Il-Kwon;Cho, Hyang-Eun;Kwon, Hyuk-Sang;Cho, Heung-Gi
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.35 no.5
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    • pp.654-660
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    • 2011
  • This paper dealt with a design guide of LED luminaires to replace the surface and watertight fluorescent lamp (FL) fixtures for naval vessels. Several standards such as Korean Industrial Standard (KS), Korea Defence Standard (KDS) and US Military Standard (MIL) were compared in terms of safety and performance of lighting fixtures. The electrical and optical characteristics like power consumption, total luminous flux, and illumination distribution of the FL fixtures were experimentally analyzed to acquire design rules for LED luminaires. Based on the results, four types of LED luminaires were fabricated, and we proposed a design guide of LED luminaires for naval vessels which save power consumption of 44~51 [%] and increase total luminous flux of 8~13 [%].