• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-25
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• 1998

Rheumatoid arthritis, unlike other chronic diseases, causes the patients to experience uncertainty in their daily lives and thus to feel threat on their emotional comfort because of inconsistent and unpredictable symptoms such as pain. Therefore, a theoretical framework is needed for explanation of uncertainty in patients having rheumatoid arthritis. A hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of Mishel's Uncertainty Theory and other literature review. The model included 9 theoretical concepts and 19 paths. Subjects of the study constituted 330 partients who visited outpatient clinics of two university hospitals and one general hospital in Seoul. Self report questionnaires were used to measure the variables affecting uncertainty. Reliability coefficients of these instruments were found Cronbach's Alpha=$.70{\sim}.94$. In data analysis, SAS program and PC-LISREL 8.03 computer program were utilized for descriptive statistics and covariance structure analysis. The results of covariance structure analysis for model fitness were as follows : 1) Hypothetical model showed a good fit to the empirical data : Chi-square($X^2$)=41.81 (df=11, P=.000), Goodness of Fit Index=.974, Root Mean Square Residual=.049, Normed Fit Index=.928, Non Normed Fit Index=.814. 2) For the validity and the parcimony of model, a modified model was constructed by appending 2 paths and deleting 5 paths according to the criteria of statistical significance and meaningfulness. 3) The results of hypothesis testing were as follows : (1) Educational level, event familiarity and severity of illness had a direct effect on uncertainty : Event congruency had both direct and indirect effect on uncertainty : Credible authority and symptom consistency had a nonsignificant direct effect on uncertainty, (2) Illness duration, symptom consistency, and event congruency had a direct effect on severity of illness ; Credible authority had a both direct and indirect effect on severity of illness ; Event congruency had the greatest effect on severity of illness, and event familiarity had a nonsignificant direct effect on severity of illness.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2016

본 연구는 물류관리시스템 성과를 극대화하기 위해 외부환경과 물류정보시스템 간의 적합성이 물류성과에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 과정에서 기업의 규모에 따라 물류성과는 차별적인 영향을 받고 있는가를 연구의 목적으로 한다. 실증분석결과, 먼저 환경불확실성과 물류정보시스템 간의 적합성의 차이에 따라 물류성과가 차이가 있는가에 대한 실증결과에 의하면 적합성이 높은 그룹이 낮은 그룹보다 물류성과가 높다는 연구결과를 보이고 있다. 둘째, 환경불확실성과 물류정보시스템 간의 적합성에 따른 물류성과 차이가 기업규모에 따라 차이가 있는가에 대한 연구결과를 보면, 기업의 규모에 따라 물류성과는 차이가 있다는 연구결과를 보이고 있다. 즉 이러한 연구결과는 외부환경과 물류정보시스템 간의 적합성을 통한 물류성과 향상의 달성은 규모의 경제 논리에 따라 기업규모가 클수록 물류성과가 효율적이라는 선행연구 결과에 의해서 기업의 규모에 따라 차별적으로 물류성과 향상을 꾀할 수 있다는 연구결과이다. 본 연구결과는 전략의 수립 실행만을 초점으로 하는 물류경영실무에 대해서도 기업의 규모에 대한 명시적인 고려가 필요함을 시사해 준다. 또한 기업의 성과함의를 분석하기 위해서 전략 실행의 문제를 배제하고 있는 물류경영실무에 대해서도 기업규모에 따른 적절한 물류정보시스템의 선택에 관한 문제를 고려할 필요가 있음을 제시하는 연구결과이다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.761-771
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• 2020

This study discusses the role of Board Monitoring Effectiveness (BME) on managers' decisions regarding the business strategies that fit the external business environmental conditions by using a contingency analysis approach. Furthermore, this study will examine how fit strategies affect Sustainability Reporting (SR) of listed companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2014 to 2017. This study uses Conditional Mixed Process (CMP) technique. This CMP method is claimed to be more efficient in analyzing the TSL models. This study found that in highly uncertain conditions, BME had a positive influence on the probability of managers to choose prospector and defender strategies rather than analyzers. These results indicate that BME shows positive impact on the contingency fit between business strategies and environmental uncertainty. In addition, the study documents that only prospectors have a positive impact on SR, however this study failed to document that defenders have positive impact on SR. Meanwhile the unexpected result is analyzers have a significantly positive effect on SR. This study is the first study to investigate the role of BME in contingency fit between business strategies and environmental uncertainties and how it produces effects up to the level of SR.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1127-1134
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• 2003

Background. Although there have been a great number of research studies based on the model of uncertainty in illness, few studies have considered the appraisal portion of model. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to test the mediating effect of appraisal in the model of uncertainty in illness. Additionally, this study aimed to examine the relationships among uncertainty, symptom severity, appraisal, and anxiety in patients newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. Methods. This study employed a descriptive correlational and cross-sectional survey design using a face-to-face interview method. Patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation within the previous 6 months prior to data collection were interviewed by Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale-Community Form, appraisal scale, Symptom Checklist-Severity V.3, and State Anxiety Inventory. Results. A total of 81 patients with atrial fibrillation were recruited from two large urban medical centers in Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.. Symptom severity was the significant variable in explaining uncertainty ($\beta$=0.34). Individuals with greater symptom severity perceived more uncertainty. Uncertainty was appraised as a danger rather than opportunity, and those with greater uncertainty appraised a greater danger (p<.0l). While the appraisal of opportunity had the negative relationship with anxiety (r=-0.25), the appraisal of danger was positively associated with anxiety (r=0.78). The measure of goodness of fit (Q) of the model was .7863, and the significant test (X$^2$) for the Q was statistically significant (df =3, p<.00l). Accordingly, the overall mediating model of uncertainty in illness was proven not to be fit to the empirical data of patients with atrial fibrillation. Consequently, the mediating effect of appraisal was not supported by the empirical data of this study. Conclusion. The findings of this study were discussed in terms of their relevance compared with those of previous studies or theoretical framework and the plausible explanations on study findings. Lastly, in order to expand the present body of knowledge on uncertainty in illness model, recommendations for the future nursing studies were included.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.75-100
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• 2005

본 연구는 기존의 양분선택형(dichotomous choice : DC) 질문에서 고려하지 못했던 응답자 개개인 선호의 불확실성을 CV(contingent valuation) 모형에 명시적으로 포함하여, 보다 개선된 가치추정결과를 이끌어내고자 한다. 이를 위해, 설문의 전체 표본을 2개의 표본으로 분할하였다. 첫 번째 표본은 다중선택(polychotomous choice : PC) 질문법을 사용하였고, 두 번째 표본은 사후적 확신도 질문이 첨가된 DC 질문법을 사용하여 설계하였다. 선호의 불확실성을 고려한 다섯 가지 모형과 기존의 DC 모형을 적용하였으며, 각 모형들의 추정결과를 효율성 측면과 모형적합도 측면에서 비교해 보았다. 실증분석 결과, 첫째, WTP(willingness to pay) 추정치의 효율성 측면에서는 전반적으로 DC 모형이 더 우월했고, 모형적합도 측면에서는 PC 모형이 좀더 우월함을 관찰할 수 있었다. 둘째, 기존 DC 모형과 가장 유사한 PC 모형을 비교해 볼 때, 두 모형의 WTP 추정치는 통계적으로 다르지 않으나, DC 모형이 효율성과 의형적합도 측면에서 좀더 개선된 추정치를 가져다주었다. 셋째, DC 모형에서 선호의 불확실성을 고려한 경우의 WTP 추정치는 불확실성을 고려하지 않은 기존 DC 모형의 추정결과와 비교해 볼 때, 효율성과 모형적합도 측면에서 별다른 손실 없이, 최대 84% 정도 더 크게 추정되었다. 이러한 결과들은 WTP 추정에 있어서 PC 모형보다는 DC 모형을 적용하는 것이 더욱 적합하며, 일반적인 DC 추정모형에서 선호의 불확실성을 고려하지 않았을 경우 응답자의 보수적인 응답경향으로 인해 WTP 추정치가 실제 WTP보다 과소 추정될 수 있으므로 선호의 불확실성을 고려해야 할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.162-177
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of uncertainty-related factors on the health behavior of individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) based on Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory (UIT). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and path analysis to investigate uncertainty and factors related to health behavior. The study participants were 228 CAD patients who visited the outpatient cardiology department between September 2020 and June 2021. We used SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0 software to analyze the data. Results: The final model demonstrated a good fit with the data. Eleven of the twelve paths were significant. Uncertainty positively affected danger and negatively affected self-efficacy and opportunity. Danger had a positive effect on perceived risk. Opportunity positively affected social support, self-efficacy, perceived benefit and intention, whereas it negatively affected perceived risk. Social support, self-efficacy, perceived benefit and intention had a positive effect on health behavior. We found that perceived benefit and intention had the most significant direct effects, whereas self-efficacy indirectly affected the relationship between uncertainty and health behavior. Conclusion: The path model is suitable for predicting the health behavior of CAD patients who experience uncertainty. When patients experience uncertainty, interventions to increase their self-efficacy are required first. Additionally, we need to develop programs that quickly shift to appraisal uncertainty as an opportunity, increase perceived benefits of health behavior, and improve intentions.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.79-89
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• 1999

A quantitative fit test, condensation nuclei counting (Portacount 8025, TSI), was performed concurrently with a banana oil (isoamyl acetate: IAA) qualitative fit test (MSA) to evaluate reliability on IAA QLFT and correlation between two methods. One brands of quarter mask (3M model 7500 medium) was prepared for QLFT with HEPA filter and gas & vapor removing media, i.e., combination cartridge. 110 subjects (65 male, 45 female) were fit tested QNFT and QLFT each three times. For a wearer combination having a FF<10, as determined by CNC QNFT, the point es timate (${\beta}$-error) of the probability of that combination not being rejected by the banana oil QLFT was found to be 0.0 with 95% confidence that this statistic is not expected to exceed 0.15. For a wearer combination having a FF<100, as determined by CNC QNFT, the point estimate of the probability of that combination not being rejected by the banana oil QLFT was found to be 0.07 with 95% confidence that this statistic is not expected to exceed 0.13. The uncertainty associated with each estimate, however, is large due to the small number of study subjects with inadequately fitting respirators.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.177-193
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• 2003

This paper examines empirically if the increase of funding uncertainty in government supported R&D institutes(GSRIs) in Korean cause managers to use more effective management control practices. Recently government introduced a new government R&D budget management system, based on competition, named PBS(Project Base System). Government requires GSRIs to be self-supporting and compete for funding from government. The introduction of new budget management system named PBS, has resulted in the increase of funding uncertainty in GSRIs. According to institutional theory, government organizations gain legitimacy by conforming to external expectations regarding management control practices, In contrast, contingency theory proposes that management control practices are driven by the fit between the technical features of the environment and the management control practices. The contingency literature provides that one external factor expected to motivate government managers to use more efficient control practices is the presence of competition and funding uncertainty. This paper use both theoretical perspective to develop hypotheses and examine the influence of funding environment on management control practices. Results show that the more institutionalized environment, the more managers in GSRIs rely on bureaucratic mode of control for conforming to external requirements, and the greater the funding uncertainty, the more managers use results and personal modes of control to improve research team performance.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1999년도 제14차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.92-95
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• 1999

The design problem of the control system is the ability to synthesize controller that achieve robust stability and robust performance. The paper explains the Finite Inclusions Theorem (FIT) by the procedure namely FIT synthesis. It is developed for synthesizing robustly stabilizing controller for parametrically uncertain system. The fundamental problem in the study of parametrically uncertain system is to determine whether or not all the polynomials in a given family of characteristic polynomials is Hurwitz i.e., all their roots lie in the open left-half plane. By FIT it can prove a polynomial is Hurwitz from only approximate knowledge of the polynomial's phase at finitely many points along the imaginary axis. An example shows the simplicity of using the FIT synthesis to directly search for robust controller of parametrically uncertain system by way of solving a sequence of systems of linear inequalities. The systems of inequalities are solved via the projection method which is an elegantly simple technique fur solving (finite or infinite) systems of convex inequalities in an arbitrary Hilbert space. Results from example show that the controller synthesized by FIT synthesis is better than by H$\sub$$\infty$/ synthesis with parametrically uncertain system as well as satisfied the objectives for a considerably larger range of uncertainty.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1547-1555
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• 2015

We study the problem of nonignorable nonresponse in a two-way contingency table and there may be one or two missing categories. We describe a nonignorable nonresponse model for the analysis of two-way categorical table. One approach to analyze these data is to construct several tables (one complete and the others incomplete). There are nonidentifiable parameters in incomplete tables. We describe a hierarchical Bayesian model to analyze two-way categorical data. We use a nonignorable nonresponse model with Bayesian uncertainty analysis by placing priors in nonidentifiable parameters instead of a sensitivity analysis for nonidentifiable parameters. To reduce the effects of nonidentifiable parameters, we project the parameters to a lower dimensional space and we allow the reduced set of parameters to share a common distribution. We use the griddy Gibbs sampler to fit our models and compute DIC and BPP for model diagnostics. We illustrate our method using data from NHANES III data to obtain the finite population proportions.