• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2023

Journaling file systems are widely used to keep file systems in a consistent state against crash situations. As traditional journaling file systems are designed for block I/O devices like hard disks, they are not efficient for emerging byte-addressable NVM (non-volatile memory) media. In this article, we present a new in-memory journaling file system for NVM that is different from traditional journaling file systems in two respects. First, our file system journals only modified portions of metadata instead of whole blocks based on the byte-addressable I/O feature of NVM. Second, our file system bypasses the heavy software I/O stack while journaling by making use of an in-memory file system interface. Measurement studies using the IOzone benchmark show that the proposed file system performs 64.7% better than Ext4 on average.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제8A권4호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2001

This paper overviews the design of SANique$^{TM}$ -a shred file system for Linux cluster based on SAN environment. SANique$^{TM}$ has the capability of transferring user data from network-attached SAN disks to client applcations directly without the control of centralized file server system. The paper also presents the characteristics of each SANique$^{TM}$ subsystem: CFM(Cluster File Manager), CVM(Cluster Volume Manager), CLM(Cluster Lock Manager), CBM(Cluster Buffer Manager) and CRM(Cluster Recovery Manager). Under the SANique$^{TM}$ design layout, then, the syndrome of '||'&'||'quot;split-brain'||'&'||'quot; in shared file system environments is described and defined. The work first generalizes and illustrates possible situations in each of which a shared file system environment may split into two or more pieces of separate brain. Finally, the work describes the SANique$^{TM}$ approach to the given "split-brain"problem using SAN disk named "split-brain" and develops the overall recovery procedure of shared file systems.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.241-245
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• 2008

비휘발성 속성을 가지면서 램의 특성을 동시에 제공하는 비휘발성 램의 효과적인 활용을 목적으로, 모든 메타데이타를 비휘발성 램에서 관리하고 파일데이타만 낸드플래시에서 관리하는 MiNV(Metadata in NVram) 파일시스템이 이미 제안된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 MiNV 파일시스템에서 가비지 컬렉션 수행에 대한 효율성을 실험적으로 분석하고, 가비지 컬렉션의 효율성이 전체 파일시스템 성능에 미치는 영향에 대해서 살펴본다. MiNV 파일시스템은 동일한 가비지 컬렉션 기법을 적용하더라도 YAFFS보다 더 효율적으로 가비지 컬렉션을 수행한다. 성능 평가 결과에서 MiNV 파일시스템은 전체 낸드플래시에서 가용한 블록의 개수가 부족할 때 발생하는 공격적인 가비지 컬렉션의 발생 빈도를 줄임과 동시에 공격적인 가비지 컬렉션 수행 시점을 늦춤을 확인하였다. 이와 더불어, 실험 결과는 이러한 가비지 컬렉션에 대한 효율성이 파일시스템의 성능향상에 기여함을 보여준다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.965-969
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• 1995

This paper deals with effective using the IGES file for flexible data exchange among the other CAD/CAM system. If a data exchange between STL file and the neutral IGES file in Stereolithography system is available, a product design becomes more flexible. THere can be many restrictions and difficulties intranslating these data. First, an STL file follows two rules, such as right-hand rule, and vertex-to-vertex rule, thus requires a structural verification. Second, translation should be performed with minmal errors. It becomes very important to translate IGES file of limited kinds of entities fot the purpose of geometric information into STL file with minor data manipulation. The developed system suggests a good approach of translating the sampled B-spline surface of IGES and shows a potential linkage between IGES and STL format file.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.820-831
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• 2017

File systems and applications try to implement their own update protocols to guarantee data consistency, which is one of the most crucial aspects of computing systems. However, we found that the storage devices are substantially under-utilized when preserving data consistency because they generate massive storage write traffic with many disk cache flush operations and force-unit-access (FUA) commands. In this paper, we present DJFS (Delta-Journaling File System) that provides both a high level of performance and data consistency for different applications. We made three technical contributions to achieve our goal. First, to remove all storage accesses with disk cache flush operations and FUA commands, DJFS uses small-sized NVRAM for a file system journal. Second, to reduce the access latency and space requirements of NVRAM, DJFS attempts to journal compress the differences in the modified blocks. Finally, to relieve explicit checkpointing overhead, DJFS aggressively reflects the checkpoint transactions to file system area in the unit of the specified region. Our evaluation on TPC-C SQLite benchmark shows that, using our novel optimization schemes, DJFS outperforms Ext4 by up to 64.2 times with only 128 MB of NVRAM.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1997

Computer viruses are increasing in number and are continually intellectualized as well. To cope with this problem, anti-virus tools such as a scanner and the monitoring program have been developed. But it is not guaranteed that these softwares will work in safety under MS-DOS' control. If the virus is run first, it can avoid the monitoring of anti-virus software or even can attack the anti-virus software. Therefore, anti-virus programs should be run before the system is infected. This paper presents a new PC starting mechanism which allows the PC system to start from a clean state after booting. For this mechanism, we build a new disk file system different from DOS' file system, and manage the two file systems heterogeneously. Our system is strong against boot viruses and recovers from infections automatically.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.176-181
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• 2016

Objectives: This study aimed to compare two nickel-titanium systems (rotary vs. reciprocating) for their acceptance by undergraduate students who experienced nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments for the first time. Materials and Methods: Eighty-one sophomore dental students were first taught on manual root canal preparation with stainless-steel files. After that, they were instructed on the use of ProTaper Universal system (PTU, Dentsply Maillefer), then the WaveOne (WO, Dentsply Maillefer). They practiced with each system on 2 extracted molars, before using those files to shape the buccal or mesial canals of additional first molars. A questionnaire was completed after using each file system, seeking students' perception about 'Ease of use', 'Flexibility', 'Cutting-efficiency', 'Screwing-effect', 'Feeling-safety', and 'Instrumentation-time' of the NiTi files, relative to stainless-steel instrumentation, on a 5-point Likert-type scale. They were also requested to indicate their preference between the two systems. Data was compared between groups using t-test, and with Chi-square test for correlation of each perception value with the preferred choice (p = 0.05). Results: Among the 81 students, 55 indicated their preferred file system as WO and 22 as PTU. All scores were greater than 4 (better) for both systems, compared with stainless-steel files, except for 'Screwing-effect' for PTU. The scores for WO in the categories of 'Flexibility', 'Screwing-effect', and 'Feeling-safety' were significantly higher scores than those of PTU. A significant association between the 'Screwing-effect' and students' preference for WO was observed. Conclusions: Novice operators preferred nickel-titanium instruments to stainless-steel, and majority of them opted for reciprocating file instead of continuous rotating system.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.488-495
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• 2006

The demand for the use of 3D CAD data over the Internet environment has been increased. However, transmission of 3D CAD data has delayed the communication effectiveness because of the CAD data size. Lightweight CAD file design methodology is required for rapid transmission in the distributed environment. In this paper, to derive lightweight CAD files from commercial CAD systems, a file translation system producing a native file is constructed first by using the InterOp and API of the ACIS kernel. Using the B-rep model and mesh data extracted from the native file, the lightweight CAD file with topological information is constructed as a binary file. Since the lightweight CAD file retains topological information, it is applied to the dimensional verification, digital mock-ups and visualization of CAD files. Effectiveness of the proposed lightweight CAD file is confirmed through various case studies.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.545-548
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• 2005

최근 들어 클라이언트/서버 컴퓨팅 환경에서 서버의 과도한 부하 문제를 해결하고자 P2P 컴퓨팅 환경이 대두되고 있다. 현재 실용화 되어 운영중인 P2P 컴퓨팅 환경은 주로 파일 출판자/송신자/수신자의 실명기반 혹은 익명기반의 P2P 시스템으로 전개되고 있다. 하지만, 어떤 환경에서건 현재의 파일 보호는 파일 단위 기반의 보안기술이 적용됨에 따라 첫째, 적의 공격목표가 특정 단일 호스트라는 취약점을 지니게 되고, 둘째, 취득된 파일에 대해 Brute Force 공격이 용이하고, 셋째, DOS공격 목표를 명료하게 하는 등의 문제점을 지니고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점 해결책으로 파일을 블록단위로 분리하고 각 블록을 피어들에게 안전하게 분산시켜 이를 활용하는 분산 P2P 파일분리 시스템을 새롭게 제안하였다. 제안 시스템은 파일이 블록 단위로 인코딩되어 각 피어로 분산됨에 따라 상기의 3가지 문제점을 해결할 뿐만 아니라 파일 활용의 효율성을 증진시키는 부대 효과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.497-508
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• 2008

본 연구는 NAND 플래시 메모리를 기반으로 하는 모바일 멀티미디어 파일시스템(MNFS)에 관한 내용이다. 이 연구에서 제안하는 파일시스템은 기존 범용 플래시 파일시템과는 달리 MP3 플레이어, PMP, 디지털 캠코더 둥과 같은 모바일 멀티미디어 장치에서 최적의 성능을 보장하기 위하여 설계된 파일시스템이다. MNFS는 크게 세 가지의 특징을 갖는데, 첫째 파일시스템의 순차적인 쓰기 요청에 대해 균일한 응답시간을 보장하고, 둘째 파일시스템 마운트 시간이 빠르며, 셋째 최소한의 메모리만을 소모한다. 이를 위해 4가지 새로운 기법들을 사용한다. 파일시스템 메타데이타와 사용자 데이타를 서로 다른 맵핑 기법으로 관리하는 혼합 맵핑 기법과, 파일 데이타 할당 단위를 NAND 플래시 메모리의 블록 단위로 사용한 블록 단위사용자 데이타 할당, 메타데이타를 최소화하기 위한 iBAT, 그리고 상향식 디렉토리 표현기법이다. 프로토타입 MNFS를 ARM9 프로세서와 1G 비트 용량의 NAND 플래시 메모리환경에서 구현하고 성능을 측정한다. 기존의 NAND 플래시 파일시템인 YAFFS와 FTL을 사용하는 FAT 파일시스템과 비교하였으며, 순차적 쓰기 요청에 대해 빠르고 균일한 응답시간을 확인할 수 있다. 또, 같은 조건에서 YAFFS에 비해 30배 빠른 마운트 시간을 보였고, Heap 메모리도 YAFFS의 5%밖에 소모하지 않았다.