• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제8A권3호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2001

멀티컴퓨터 시스템은 많은 연산 노드들을 이용함으로써 높은 성능을 얻는다. 다차원 매쉬(mash)는 단순함과 효율성 때문에 멀티컴퓨터 구조로 널리 이용되었다. 본 논문은 3차원 토러스(torus) 시스템을 위한 최초 적합(first-fit) 방법에 기반한 효율적인 프로세서 할당 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 알고리즘은 CST(Coverage Status Table)을 이용하여 3차원 정보를 2차원 정보로 변형하므로써 프로세서 할당 시간을 최소화 한다. 종합적인 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과는 제안한 방법이 최적 적합(best-fit)에 기반한 기존 방법들과 비교해서 프로세서 이용률은 비슷하면서, 프로세서 할당 시간이 항상 짧다는 것을 보여준다. 성능 차이는 입력 부하가 증가함에 따라 더욱 두드러진다. 다른 스케줄링 환경상에서 제안된 방법의 성능을 조사하기 위해서, 전형적인 FCFS 스케줄링 기법과 함께 non-FCFS 스케줄링 기법도 연구된다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.429-439
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• 2015

This study develops a new brassiere for new silver women. A new brassiere design was developed for the silver generation based on apreliminary survey; subsequently, a wire and no-wire type of brassier were developed after a second fitting evaluation. The results were as follows. First, in terms of brassiere design, the cup shape was designed as mold type full cup, shoulder straps were designed as camisole type with cups, bias tape was designed for body correction in the side line and mash tape was designed for easy movement below the cups. On the other side ofthe cup shape was a pocketdesigned on a support pad forthe wire type and a support panel to serve as a wire in the no-wire type brassiere. Second, brassiere patterns were designed by referencing the educational H pattern. Thetotal length was elongated by 5cmto reduce pressure when wearing a brassiere and the height of the front center increased by 8cm for the stability of the front center of the brassiere. In addition, the side line was moved back by 3cm and the width of the brassiere wings was designed widely at 10.5cm. Third, a wearing test was conducted for the wire type and the no-wire type brassiere with comparison products, using a 7-point Likert scale. Appearance results and movement tests for the wire and no-wire type showed a higher score than comparison products.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.315-321
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• 1992

The utilization of feeding white sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius cv. Uniwhite) seeds supplemented with the limiting amino acids were investigated in day-old single comb White Leghorn male chicks. These were fed a commercial chick mash for the first 10 days and on a semi-synthetic protein-free diet for the next 6 days. For the subsequent 6 days of experimental feeding period, the birds were fed on the protein-free diet, basal diet containing 9.31% of lupin seed meal (LSM) protein, diets supplemented with methionine, methionine + tryptophan or methionine + tryptophan + lysine in the basal diet, and diet containing 9.84% of soybean meal (SBM) protein. When the LSM protein was supplemented with methionine, protein intake, body weight gain, protein efficiency ratio (PER) and net protein ratio (NPR) were increased (p<0.05). The birds excreted lower urinary nitrogen and fecal nitrogen per protein comsumption, had improved apparent (AD) and true (TD) digestibility but did not alter biological value (BV) of the protein. Metabolizability (MEn/GE) and heat production (HP) per MEn intake (HP/MEn) was lowered while energy retention (ER) was highered (p<0.05) compared with those of the basal diet. Also the body weight gain, PER, NPR and ER was increased but the BV and HP/MEn was lowered compared with those of the SBM protein. The results indicated that lupin seed supplemented with methionine increase body weight gain and energy rentention but did not alter biological value compared with those of lupin seed and soybean meal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1667-1673
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• 2017

Antibiotics have long been of great benefit for people, both in the medical treatment of human disease and in animal food where they improve the growth performance and feed utilization during animal production. Antibiotics as in-feed supplements affect all stages of pork production, including the gestation, nursing, growing, and finishing stages, although the effects show stage-dependent differences. However, the use of antibiotics in animal feed has become a worldwide concern. This review describes why sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotic additives in animal feed have become an integral part of animal feeding programs for more than 70 years, particularly in pork production. It also discusses the threat of the long-term use of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics in pork production. In recent years, the effectiveness of in-feed antibiotics has tended to decrease. This review analyzes this change from various perspectives. First, the equipment used at pig farms has improved dramatically and is more sanitary. Worldwide, more pig farms use pig farrowing crates, gestation crates, piglet nursery crates, flooring devices, piggery ventilation and cooler systems, automatic pig feeders, piggery heating equipment, and artificial insemination systems. In addition, scientists have replaced the use of antibiotics with organic acids, fermented mash, probiotics, prebiotics, minerals, oligosaccharides, enzymes, herbs/flavors, and protein/amino acids, and have improved management and husbandry techniques. In addition, animal welfare legislation has been aimed at improving the quality of the floors and living space, ensuring that animals have permanent access to fresh water, and setting a minimum weaning age. Finally, the prospects and the possibility of replacing antibiotics in pork production are described, in line with recent research results.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2016

The aim of this study attempted to verify the possibility of bioethanol production using wasted medium density fiberboard (wMDF). In order to produce bioethanol from wood cellulosic materials must be carried out the process of pretreatment, saccharification, fermentation and distillation. First, the wMDF was pretreated using sodium chlorite and pretreated wMDF was prepared to 8% slurry and then slurry was saccharified with the commercial enzyme (Cellic CTec3). The fermentable sugar and pH of saccharified substrate were about 5.5% glucose and 4.4, respectively. Herein we compared the results of ethanol yield according to the nutrients added or without addition to increase ethanol yield. Ethanol fermentation was finished in about 24 hours, but it was delayed in experimental group without nutrients. Ethanol content and fermentation ratio of the final fermented mash prepared by utilizing jar fermenter was 25.40 g/L and 86.64%, respectively. At this time, the maximum ethanol productivity was confirmed as 1.78 g/Lh (ethanol content 21.38 g/L, 12 h), and the overall ethanol productivity was 1.05 g/Lh (ethanol content 25.27 g/L, 24 h). Using fermented liquid we could produced bioethanol 95.37% by continuous distillator packed with copper element in laboratory scale. These results show that wMDF has a potential valuable for bioethanol production.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.330-336
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• 1996

멥쌀, 찹쌀, 보리, 밀가루를 원료로 담금한 탁주 술덧의 발효 과정중 에탄올, pH, 총당, 색도, 미량알코올 등을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 에탄올의 함량은 담금 직후 $0{\sim}1.2%$였으나 발효 16일에 $9.8{\sim}11.65$를 나타냈고 시험구중 주모 첨가의 멥쌀주가 다른 시험구에 비해 높았다. pH는 담금 직후 주모 무첨가의 멥쌀주가 pH 6.57로 시험구중 가장 높았으나 2일에는 $3.47{\sim}3.60$으로 저하되었고 시험구간의 차이는 없었다. 총산은 담금 후 2일에 급격히 증가하였으나 그 후 완만한 증가를 보였고 시험구중 밀가루주와 주모 무첨가의 멥쌀주가 다소 높았다. 총당은 담금 직후 $19.18{\sim}20.23%$였으나 $2{\sim}4$일에 $5.21{\sim}14.03%$로 감소하였고 시험구중 밀가루주가 높은 함량을 보였다. 환원당은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 감소하여 16일에 $0.2{\sim}0.5%$를 나타내었으나 시험구간 차이는 없었다. 색도는 시험구간에 다소 차이가 있었으나 발효 과정에 따라 L값(명도)이 낮아져 밝기가 저하됨을 알 수 있었고 보리쌀주는 시험구중 가장 낮은 결과를 나타냈다. 탁주 술덧에 함유하는 미량의 알코을로서 n-propanol ($nd{\sim}0.05\;mg/ml$), iso-butanol (0.02), iso-amyl alcohol ($nd{\sim}0.13$), n-hexanol ($nd{\sim}0.17$), n-heptanol ($nd{\sim}0.09$), and phenylethanol ($nd{\sim}0.02$)이 정량되었다.이들 알코올은 담금 직후에는 거출되지 않았으나 3일 이후 시험구에 따라 검출되었으며 함량은 발효 기간의 경과에 따라 미량 증가하였다.

• 복식
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• 제40권
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• pp.25-35
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• 1998

This thesis is a study of Kas ya, robes of buddhist monk, which is having peculiarity among human clothes. I kept my attention mainly on the symbolism of the color of Kas ya. To elucidate this, I chose the principle of T -chi and Yin-yang and Wu-shing as a frame-work of interpretation. In the first place, the original meaning of Kas ya mean a name of peculiar color. The concrete names of the color are color of persimmons juice, brown, yellow tinged with red, radish brown, non-primary color etc. The main motive to dye three robes of buddhist monk from white or primary color to the color of Kas ya was to differentiate buddhist monks from heathen or laymen. Therefore, as luxurious and primary colored cloths was donated to the buddhist monks, they are necessary to discolor them. Accordingly. they established 'non-primary color' as well-mate one for a ascetic. The non-primary color is called discolored color' as a result of discoloring primary colors. The discolored color is a synonym of Kas ya and the process of discoloring is necessary for making robes of buddhist monk. Secondly, discoloring means to mash five primary color. That is say, the process of discoloring means to return five primary colors back to 'profoundity·abstruseness·obscurity, namely darkness' as the source of them. Darkness as a condition amalgamated and not appeared all materials is the source and at the same time the terminus of all colors. Therefore, color of Kas ya symbolizes 'profound color' as the ultimate meaning of discoloring. Thirdly, discoloring garments of buddhist monk symbolize to destroy evil passions and haughtiness arising in ascetic's mind as well as means don't attach to the shaped materials'. Fourthly, discoloring means to return 'color'. namely 'all kinds of shaped material' to the inherent nature. Process of discoloring means to reture to the empty. nya. nya essentially do not make any colors, but over and over again come into being and become extinct as becoming colors. R pa, by one time Yin and the other time Yang'. R pa, color is a metaplasia of nya and nya is discoloring one of all colors. Then, discoloring means R pa is nya, R pa is nya at the same time and Because this is another expression of Dharma the original meaning of Kas ya symbolize true robes. Consequently, Kas ya means truth and beyond time and space do not be changed and conserve the color of the first till now.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.1196-1201
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• 1997

저염 멸치젓 생산 공정 개발을 위한 기초 실험으로서 brining 과정 증 멸치육의 이화학적 변화를 측정하였다. 10%, 15%, 20% 염용액 및 포화식염수를 사용하여 $15^{\circ}C$ 온도 조건에서 brining 하였을 때 초기의 염침투 특성은 first order kinetics에 적용할 수 있었으며 이때의 rate constant는 각각 0.018, 0.030, 0.039, 0.051를 나타내 염용액의 염농도가 증가할수록 초기의 염침투 속도는 급격히 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 염지기간 중 멸치육 단백질의 분해는 염용액의 염도가 낮을수록 빠르게 진행되었으며 포화식염수를 사용하여 brining 하였을 때는 단백질 분해가 매우 더디게 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. Brining 중 멸치육의 수분함량의 변화를 측정하였을 때 10% 식염수를 사용하였을 경우 74%의 수분함량을 가지고 있었으며 20% 식염수일 경우 65%의 수분함량을, 포화식염수를 사용하였을 경우 58%의 수분함량을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타나 염용액의 염도가 증가할수록 탈수되는 수분의 양이 증가하여 낮은 수분함량을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. Brining 중 멸치육의 무게변화를 측정하였을 때 10% 식염수를 사용하였을 경우 멸치육의 무게는 완만히 증가하여 72시간 후에 10% 정도 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며 20% 염용액 및 포화식염수를 사용하였을 경우 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 포화식염수를 사용하여 $15^{\circ}C$에서 brining 시 고형분의 용출량을 측정하였을 때 초기에는 급격히 고형분이 용출되어 36시간 이후에 평형에 도달하였는데 이때의 감량 수준은 원료 멸치육의 무게의 30%감량수준이었다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.322-331
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• 2009

본 논문은 윤곽선 기반 메쉬 최적화를 이용한 스테레오 영상의 효율적인 데이터 표현 방법을 제안한다. 스테레오 영상에 대한 메쉬 기반 2차원 워핑은 주로 제어점 선택과 선택된 제어점들의 시차 정보 추정 성능에 의존한다. 따라서 제안된 방법은 제어점 선택을 위하여 강한 윤곽선과 객체의 경계선만으로 구성된 특징 지도를 생성하고 이를 기반으로 격자형 메쉬를 생성한다. 또한, 지역단위로 2차원 워핑을 수행하며 목적영상과의 오차를 최소로 하는 제어점의 위치를 반복적으로 추정하게 된다. 최적화된 제어점 위치를 찾기 위한 반복적 2차원 워핑 과정은 많은 계산 시간을 요구하기 때문에 이를 개선하기 위하여 입력된 스테레오 영상은 수평 시차만 존재하고 최적의 제어점 위치는 객체의 경계선을 포함한 윤곽선 위에 존재함을 가정한다. 따라서 제안한 윤곽선 기반 워핑 방법은 수평선 위에 윤곽선만을 따라 반복적으로 최적화된 제어점 위치를 탐색한다. 본 논문의 실험에서는 스테레오 영상에 대하여 제어점 수에 따른 신호에 대한 잡음비(PSNR)를 측정하여 기존 방법과 제안한 방법의 품질을 비교 하였다. 뿐만 아니라 최적의 메쉬 생성을 위한 수행시간을 비교하여 평가하였다. 실험 결과를 통하여 제안한 방법은 적은 수의 제어점을 이용하여 품질의 저하를 줄이고 빠르게 최적의 메쉬를 생성함으로써 효율적인 스테레오 영상 표현 방법을 제공하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.1011-1017
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• 2002

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) have been shown to decrease body fat content of individually-housed pigs but little is known about the responses under commercial conditions. Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of CLA under commercial conditions using contemporary genotypes. The experimental designs were similar between the two sites. Briefly, the studies were 2${\times}$2 factorial designs with the respective factors being sex (boar and gilt) and supplemental dietary CLA (0 and 4 g/kg). The studies involved 16-20 pens of pigs with 4-5 pens of each sex${\times}$CLA group. The first study was conducted with 144 pigs in 16 pens consuming a pelleted feed for 6 weeks at Bunge Meat Industries, Corowa, NSW. In the second study, 160 pigs were obtained from a commercial source and put into 20 pens in simulated commercial conditions and fed a mash diet for 7 weeks at Medina Research Station, WA. In Study 2 some aspects of meat quality were also investigated. Data from Study 1 showed that, although CLA had no significant effect upon feed intake and daily gain, the small changes in both resulted in a reduction in (-0.10 g/g, p=0.10) feed conversion ratio (FCR). While there was no significant effect of CLA on ultrasonic backfat depths, there was a significant decrease in carcass P2 (-1.0 mm, p=0.014) and estimated carcass fat (-7 g/kg, p=0.049). In the study conducted at Medina CLA had no significant effect upon feed intake, feed:gain or most measures of back fat. The exception was that dietary CLA decreased the rate of accumulation of fat at the shoulder, particularly in gilts, resulting in a significantly lower amount of shoulder fat at slaughter (-1.3 mm, p=0.044). CLA tended to increase dressing percentage although this was not significant (+0.5%, p=0.14). Meat from CLA treated pigs tended to be darker (p=0.12) and had a higher ultimate pH (p=0.06). These data suggest that under commercial conditions dietary CLA can improve growth performance and decrease P2 in pigs of an improved genotype, particularly gilts.