• 제목/요약/키워드: fire point

검색결과 631건 처리시간 0.029초

체간안정화 융합운동을 접목한 가슴압박이 요통예방과 가슴압박 품질에 미치는 영향 (Effect of chest compressions on the quality of back pain prevention and chest compressions by applying body stabilization Convergence movement)

  • 홍은정;조병준;김경용
    • 한국융합학회논문지
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    • 제10권5호
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    • pp.85-94
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 체간안정화 운동인 복부 드로잉-인 기법을 융합한 가슴압박이 요통예방과 가슴압박 질에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 119구급대원(응급구조사) 15명을 대상으로 동작분석, 근전도, 가슴압박 질을 분석하였다. 자료는 SPSS 21.0으로 정규분포(Kolmogorov-Smirnov 및 Shapiro-Wilk 검정)을 실시하였고 가슴압박 형태에 따른 전 후 대응표본 T 검정(paired T-test), 측정시점 차이분석은 일원배치 분산분석(one-way ANOVA), 사후검증은 LSD를 활용하였다. 연구결과 복부 드로잉-인 상태로 가슴압박을 하면 근활성도 및 가슴압박 성공률에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 따라서 향후 구급대원의 요통을 예방하면서 가슴압박 성공률도 높일 수 있는 심폐소생술 교육에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

전통시장 아케이드 공간의 리모델링을 위한 이용자 태도에 관한 연구 - 대구서문시장 이용자 설문을 바탕으로 - (User Preference for Improved Remodeling of Arcade in Traditional Market - Based on user surveys in Daegu Seomun Market -)

  • 김경임;이정호
    • 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.27-36
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    • 2020
  • Fifteen years after the modernization of traditional markets, commercial facilities and some 1,000 markets across the country contacted arcade operators, there are no specific guidelines on installation standards, exact guidelines for public facilities, and guidelines on law, maintenance and management yet. Therefore, it is necessary to derive a plan that reflects the mindset of the market project and the users as basic planning data for making arcade remodeling of traditional markets more advanced. As a research method, case studies and surveys were conducted and the details are as follows. Through the case study, this study drew suggestions that were available and needed in Korea on the planning plan of arcade space in the developed traditional market and conducted user preference. The survey participants are 150 users of Daegu seomun market. In addition, the survey contents are approached with the concept of remodeling remuneration, so the total number of questions is 47 including 'accessibility', 'comfort', 'openness', 'safety' and 'integrity', which are five elements of the arcade plan. The survey method assessed the importance and satisfaction of each questionnaire on a 5-point scale, and the survey results were compared with technical statistics and means using the SPSS statistics package. The results of user awareness and image survey, in which the installation and remodeling of the ventilation system of the crosshairs are mentioned in the event of fire or in the case of daily ventilation, are important factors in safety. The user-conscious survey, analyzed in 'integrity', indicates that the use of multi-purpose space is required, and that the layout of street stalls and parking and user movements should be integrated. Mac of this study is going to present direction of remodeling plan and behavior analysis by analyzing user preference data for advanced remodeling of arcade in traditional markets.

순간적인 화학물질 누출에 따른 초기 피해영향 범위 산정을 위한 분산모델 연구 (Dispersion Model of Initial Consequence Analysis for Instantaneous Chemical Release)

  • 손태은;이의주
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2022
  • Most factories deal with toxic or flammable chemicals in their industrial processes. These hazardous substances pose a risk of leakage due to accidents, such as fire and explosion. In the event of chemical release, massive casualties and property damage can result; hence, quantitative risk prediction and assessment are necessary. Several methods are available for evaluating chemical dispersion in the atmosphere, and most analyses are considered neutral in dispersion models and under far-field wind condition. The foregoing assumption renders a model valid only after a considerable time has elapsed from the moment chemicals are released or dispersed from a source. Hence, an initial dispersion model is required to assess risk quantitatively and predict the extent of damage because the most dangerous locations are those near a leak source. In this study, the dispersion model for initial consequence analysis was developed with three-dimensional unsteady advective diffusion equation. In this expression, instantaneous leakage is assumed as a puff, and wind velocity is considered as a coordinate transform in the solution. To minimize the buoyant force, ethane is used as leaked fuel, and two different diffusion coefficients are introduced. The calculated concentration field with a molecular diffusion coefficient shows a moving circular iso-line in the horizontal plane. The maximum concentration decreases as time progresses and distance increases. In the case of using a coefficient for turbulent diffusion, the dispersion along the wind velocity direction is enhanced, and an elliptic iso-contour line is found. The result yielded by a widely used commercial program, ALOHA, was compared with the end point of the lower explosion limit. In the future, we plan to build a more accurate and general initial risk assessment model by considering the turbulence diffusion and buoyancy effect on dispersion.

전력분야의 바이오 기반 친환경 전기 절연유 적용에 관한 개발 동향 분석 (Analysis of Development Trends on Bio-based Environmental Transformers Oils in Power Sector)

  • 김재곤;민영제;김목연;곽병섭;박현주
    • Tribology and Lubricants
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    • 제38권2호
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    • pp.41-52
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    • 2022
  • Mineral electrical insulating oil, which is widely used in transformers, exhibits excellent cooling performance and transformer efficiency. However, given that it is composed of petroleum-based components, it is weak in terms of biodegradability. This causes environmental problems in case of leakage and a low flash point, which is a factor that would cause great damage in the event of a fire in a substation. In this context, the use of eco-friendly electric insulating oil composed of bio-based vegetable oil and synthetic ester, which has excellent biodegradability and flame retardancy performance, has recently been expanded to the field of electric power, and various research and development (R&D) studies are in progress. According to different research results, vegetable oil and synthetic ester manufacturing technology, thermal stability, oxidation stability, property change, and quality control, which are characteristics of eco-friendly electrical insulating oils, are major factors affecting the maintenance of insulating oil properties. In addition, power companies have established and operated quality control standards according to the use of eco-friendly electrical insulating oil as they expand the exploitatoin of renewable energy in electricity production. In particular, deterioration and oxidation characteristics were jointly identified in R&D as an important influencing factor according to the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids present in vegetable oils and synthetic esters in power transformer applications.

전력변환장치 캐비넷에서의 내부발열 개선을 위한 열유동 분석 및 유통안전성 향상을 위한 진동특성 분석 (Theoretical Heat Flow Analysis and Vibration Characteristics During Transportation of PCS(Power Conversion System) for Reliability)

  • 주민정;서상욱;오재영;정현모;박종민
    • 한국포장학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.143-149
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    • 2022
  • PCS needs to freely switch AC and DC to connect the battery, external AC loads and renewable energy in both directions for energy efficiency. Whenever converting happens, power loss inevitably occurs. Minimization of the power loss to save electricity and convert it for usage is a very critical function in PCS. PCS plays an important role in the ESS(Energy Storage System) but the importance of stabilizing semiconductors on PCB(Printed Circuit Board) should be empathized with a risk of failure such as a fire explosion. In this study, the temperature variation inside PCS was reviewed by cooling fan on top of PCS, and the vibration characteristics of PCS were analyzed during truck transportation for reliability of the product. In most cases, a cooling fan is mounted to control the inner temperature at the upper part of the PCS and components generating the heat placed on the internal aluminum cooling plate to apply the primary cooling and the secondary cooling system with inlet fans for the external air. Results of CFD showed slightly lack of circulating capacity but simulated temperatures were durable for components. The resonance points of PCS were various due to the complexity of components. Although they were less than 40 Hz which mostly occurs breakage, it was analyzed that the vibration displacement in the resonance frequency band was very insufficient. As a result of random-vibration simulation, the lower part was analyzed as the stress-concentrated point but no breakage was shown. The steel sheet could be stable for now, but for long-term domestic transportation, structural coupling may occur due to accumulation of fatigue strength. After the test completed, output voltage of the product had lost so that extra packaging such as bubble wrap should be considered.

시그모이드 함수를 이용한 가스안전사업 효과의 발현시점 추정과 조정 (Estimation and Adjustment of Time Point in Manifestation of Gas Safety Project Effects using Sigmoid Functions)

  • 임현교;박건영
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제38권1호
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    • pp.70-77
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    • 2023
  • Gas has replaced coal or petroleum as primary fuel because of its convenience. However, gas has risk of fire, explosion, or poisoning. To reduce gas-related accidents, many strategic projects have been being carried based on 'Gas Safety Management Basic Plans' on a domestic scale. In spite of those projects, the gas-related accident rate did not decrease over past decades. Thus, this study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of ongoing projects, and to find out ways to make improvements. Conventional statistical analyses on accident data published by gas-related institutions were not useful to determine meaningful attributes to predict future. Whereas, accident case analyses adopted in the present study discovered differences in the type of people and their unsafe acts for each gas type. Meanwhile, the overall average priority of projects was not high in the aspect of System Safety Precedence. If the current trend is maintained, with sigmoid functions, it can be estimated that mean annual accident rate will decrease by only 2.0% in the next two decades. To improve the current trend, the present study made conclusions as followings: (1) safety projects should be designed with careful consideration of accident traits including gas type, unsafe acts, and persons involved and (2) alternative strategies should include system considerations such as minimum hazard design and safety devices prior to mere education or training. To summarize briefly, the present state related with gas accidents highlights the necessity of a system-based multidisciplinary approach.

대학생의 마네킹을 이용한 심폐소생술 시행 시 인공호흡과 흉부압박의 정확도 분석 (Accuracy analysis of artificial respiration and chest compressions when performing CPR using a mannequin by college students)

  • 전재인
    • 문화기술의 융합
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    • 제9권5호
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    • pp.167-173
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    • 2023
  • 이 연구의 목적은 대학생을 대상으로 심폐소생술 마네킹을 사용하여 인공호흡과 흉부 압박의 정확도를 분석하였다. 첫째, 가슴압박 횟수에서 실험대상자 A, F, H, I, J는 60회에서 63회로 각각 비슷한 횟수를 나타냈고, 기준보다 매우 낮았다. 실험대상자 B, D, E, G는 90회에서 91회로 나타나 정상범위를 유지하였다. 그런데 C는 119회로 다소 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 가슴압박 깊이는 58.60mm로 대부분 깊게 압박하였다. 실험대상자 C는 51mm로 정상에 근접하였고, 실험대상자 A~J는 55mm~62mm로 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 그 이유는 가슴압박의 경험이 전혀 없는 불안정한 심리상태와 자신감이 부족한 결과로 보인다. 셋째, 정확도에 있어서, 실험대상자 E는 12%로 나타나 정확도가 가장 낮았고, A~J는 33%~80%로 나타났다. 실험대상자 B는 95%의 정확도를 보였는데, 이는 D가 군 복무 중 이론 교육을 통하여, 가슴압박 지점을 정확하게 인지한 결과로 보인다.

섬유 플라즈마 처리에 따른 복합재료의 수지 함침성 및 기계적 특성 비교 (Comparison of Resin Impregnation and Mechanical Properties of Composites Based on Fiber Plasma Treatment)

  • 양성백;이동현;이용석;권동준
    • Composites Research
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    • 제36권6호
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    • pp.388-394
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    • 2023
  • 복합재료 제조 시 수지의 함침성을 높이는 것은 제조 공정속도와 제품의 품질을 향상시키는 핵심 방법이다. 수지 개선은 중요하지만, 간단한 섬유 표면 처리로도 수지의 흐름성을 개선할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 탄소섬유 직물에 다양한 플라즈마 처리 시간을 적용함으로써 수지와 섬유 간의 함침성을 향상하게 하였다. 플라즈마 처리에 따라 변화된 섬유 내 수지의 분산을 평가하기 위해 전기저항 측정법을 사용했다. 섬유 표면처리가 수지 함침성에 미치는 영향을 실시간으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 수지에 탄소섬유 토우를 삽입할 때 토우에 스며든 수지의 양을 측정하여 수지 함침성을 객관적으로 비교하였다. 5분 동안의 플라즈마 처리로 복합재료의 인장과 압축 강도가 50% 이상 향상되었으며, 보이드 함유율을 감소시키고 소화점 임계열류량을 증가시켰다. 마지막으로 건축용 복합재료 부품으로 사용되는 일부분을 활용하여 동적 굴곡피로시험을 실시했고, 3 kN하중 백만 회에도 복합재료 부품은 파손되지 않았다.

피부병의 형상의학적 치료 (Treatment of Skin Diseases in Hyungsang Medicine)

  • 석민희;황원덕;정행규;이용태
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.646-669
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    • 2004
  • By treating skin diseases with Hyungsang medicine and reviewing the clinical cases of them through classifying skin diseases into general care and into Hyungsang medical care, the writer came to the conclusion as followings. The skin is a house of Kyungnak, and it' s a place which Ki comes in and out, which human body controls conditions of his physiological function and which doctors can make a diagnosis from seeing it. The skin is subject to lung and large intestine in the point of organ, but in the point of movement, to spleen and stomach. Skin diseases come from unbalance of Ki and Hyul, mostly from fever in blood and also from Dam, Wind, Dampness and Dryness because of including fire. Generally skin diseases are treated according to classifying into distinctive symptoms, region, cause or time being occurred, and concomitant symptoms. After being divided into man and woman, age and youth, fatness and leanness, Jung Ki Shin Hyul type, visceral figures, Yukkyung shapes on Hyungsang medicine method, the remedy of skin diseases which is combined common meditation with Hyungsang medical method is efficacious. In distinguishing into man and woman, age and youth, man gets sick mainly by drinking liquor and exhausting Jung, woman is taken ill generally by indigestion and Damwha, especially by drinking liquor. Young child gets ill mostly from inherent weakness, but in many cases he is occurred by disturbed digestion, so he must be taken care of ingesting food. The aged becomes ill from weakening, so he must be treated according to reasons of diseases. To fatness and leanness, skin diseases are showed symptoms by weakened Yang, insufficient Yin or excess fever on the theory of upper and lower parts, by unbalance of Ki and Hyul on the theory of left and right, by Dryness and Dampness on the theory of front and rear and by insufficiency of vitality and combined fever on the theory of inside and outside. Therefore doctors must cure the symptoms according to the theory of upper and lower, left and right, front and rear and inside and outside. In type of Jung Ki Shin Hyul, the balances between Jung-Hyul and Shin-Ki are important points. Concretely Jung type comes to easily shortage of Jung or gathering abnormally Dampness and Dam, Ki type is easy to make a mass with Ki or to be deficient of Ki, Shin type comes to press seven emotions togather or to be insufficient of Yin and fever inside, and Hyul type is inclined to be deficient of Hyul and to become feverish or to be deficient of Ki. Therefore on the ground of the above reasons skin diseases come into existence. Inclusively in Jung-Hyul type , Ki must be moved on the base of full Jung-Hyul, so Wukmijiwhangtang or Samultang is prescribed basically. In Shin-Ki type , Jung-Hyul is saved on the base of moving Ki, so Hyangsosan or Yijintang is the proper prescription. Considering the visceral figures, doctors judge for diagnosis and remedy by putting together the elements, that is, great and small sizes of a set of features (eye, ear, mouth, nose), color and temper. The yukkyung types are classified according to many or few of Ki-Hyul, and then skin diseases appear by being inclined toward one side between Ki and hyul, or among the six atmospheric elements(wind, cold, heat, dampness, dryness, and fire). Especially because Yangmyung type is full of much Ki and Hyul, and also has much fever in stomach, he gets skin symptoms frequently. So his prescription is based on taking off fever in stomach, and also he must be careful about regimen certainly.

허준(許浚)의 자연관(自然觀) - 『동의보감(東醫寶鑑)』을 중심으로 - (Heojun's Outlook on Nature)

  • 박성규;김수중;김남일
    • 한국의사학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.197-227
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    • 2005
  • Heojun was the top scientist on Medicine in the 16th and 17th centuries and wrote the Dongeubogam describing the top-level medical theory and technology. So far, his outlook on nature has been disregarded even though his medicine is still effective. Through this study, I would like to know if his outlook on nature as well as his medicine is still effective. The conclusions are as follows: 1. According to his output, the origin of the universe started from the spinning of One Gi(一氣) which is quite different from Hawking's theory. Hawking assumed that the origin of the universe started from the Big-bang and will end to the Big-crunch. However, the current report on the origin of a star is quite similar to Heojun's theory and we acknowledge that his view on the origin of the universe is still effective. 2. According to his output, the universe repeats expanding and contracting forever while Hawking assumed it will come to the end, the Big-crunch, based on the expanding universe theory. Some scientists assists that Hawking's assumption should have some contradictions. Now, we acknowledge that Heojun's universal cycling theory which corresponds with modern physical theories is still effective, which would lead to a new environmental movement. 3. His view on the structure of the universe is quite different from the output of the current science, which results from his thought that the nature should be reviewed from the point of human's view. His view on the structure will be able to be updated based on the output of the current science. 4. The universe analogy started from the East Asian area as well as the Greek and Roman area in the ancient. The idea has disappeared since the scientific revolution era in the West while the idea has been deepened and abundant in the East and has become one of the major philosophical bases. Heojun emphasized its importance from the beginning of his book. 5. The nation analogy has been popular all times and places. According to his output, governing a country is like controlling one's body. 6. According to Needham's output, the universe analogy and the nation analogy were based on the ancient developed alchemy. And Harper assumed that Taiosm was based on the macrobiotic hygiene which was developed by the ancient developed alchemists. We acknowledge that xian(仙) cult, macrobiotic hygiene, medicine, alchemy and the ancient philosophy started from our ancients. Heojun's output restored our ancient tradition by combining the macrobiotic hygiene and philosophy with medicine. 7. Roughly predicting yearly weather would be unacceptable by the current scientist but Heojun's yearly weather forecast is still used in the clinic and seems effective to prepare from any epidemic disease. 8. 'Day and Night' and Four seasons are the most important factors to the macrobiotic hygiene according to the Dongeubogam. The new environmental movements should be based on the most important factors, otherwise the human beings as well as the environment would fail to survive. 9. Wind, Coldness, Heat, Humidity, Dryness and Fire represents weather. The six weather factors represent one of six phases of a year which is decided by the areal factors. Heojun preferred the six factors generated in the body itself to them from the outside. He thought a human being was a universe and the six factors generated in the body responded to the factors of the outside. 10. According to his output, Heat and Humidity are the most important factors which make a human being ill. 11. Life span, disease, food, and dwelling are dependent upon the geographical feature, according to Heojun's output. In addition, one's appearance and his five viscera and the six entrails depend on the food as well as the geographical feature. 12. Heath is related with the environment and they effects upon each other. If one is weak, he will be deeply effected by the nature. On the other hand, if one is strong, he will effect on the nature. That's why people live together. 13. According to Heojun's work, the society is an important factor comprising the environment. During a peaceful era, the society becomes stable and human beings are stable as well while they will be on fire during a chaotic era. 14. Medicine deals with human beings who live in the nature, so any medical book cannot be excellent unless it has any description on the nature. Heojun's outlook on the nature turned out to be logical and suitable even from the point of the current view and it is still effective as if his clinical knowledge and technology are still effective. Something unsuitable may be substituted with the output of the current science.

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