• Title/Summary/Keyword: figure type

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A Comparison of the Foot Dimensions and Foot Characteristics of Adult Obese Men using Body Mass Index (체질량지수에 따른 발 치수 비교 및 비만 성인 남성의 발 특성 연구)

  • Namsoon Kim;Wolhee Do
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.52-61
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    • 2023
  • This study aimed to present data for the development of a shoe which is suitable for plus-size men (BMI 25kg/m2 or higher) and to analyze the characteristics of each type of foot. The results of the study are as follows. To assess foot shape in relation to weight gain, participants were categorized into normal weight, overweight, and obese weight groups, according to their BMI indexes. Those in the normal weight group exhibited a smaller value than the overweight or obese weight group in all items. As a result of the cluster analysis, by type of foot, of the obese men category, men were classified into four BMI index groups: members of the type 1 group had a BMI index of 157 (18.4% of total sample), while for type 2 the figure was 213 (25.0% of sample), for type 3 it was 259 (30.4%), and for type 4 it stood at 224 (26.3% of total sample). Those from the type 1 group had thin ankles with narrow toes and flattened sides. Type 2 group members had thick ankles with well-developed outer feet and thick sides. Those within the type 3 group had medium-thick ankles with narrow feet but wide inner feet. Finally, those in the type 4 group had feet with a slanted side, as well as thick ankles, wide feet, and flat sides. Among these categories, the type 3 group members indicated the highest distribution.

Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties in n-Type Bi2Te3 using Control of Grain Size (Grain 크기 조절을 통한 n-Type Bi2Te3 열전 소재 특성 향상)

  • Lee, Nayoung;Ye, Sungwook;Jamil Ur, Rahman;Tak, Jang-Yeul;Cho, Jung Young;Seo, Won Seon;Shin, Weon Ho;Nam, Woo Hyun;Roh, Jong Wook
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2021
  • The enhancement of thermoelectric figure of merit was achieved by the simple processes of sieving and high energy ball milling, respectively, which are enable to reduce the grain size of n-type Bi2Te3 thermoelectric materials. By optimizing the grain size, the electrical conductivities and thermal conductivities were controlled. In this study, spark plasma sintering was employed for hindering the grain growth during the sintering process. The thermoelectric figure of merit was measured to be 0.78 in the samples with 30 min high energy ball milling process. Notably, this value was 40 % higher than that of pristine Bi2Te3 sample. This result shows the properties of thermoelectric materials can be readily controlled by optimization of grain size via simple ball milling process.

Measurements of absorption coefficients of open-type ceilings using 1:25 scale model reverberation chamber (축척모형을 활용한 개방형 천장의 흡음률 측정)

  • Lee, Hye-Mi;Kim, Yong-Hee;Jeon, Jin-Yong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.683-686
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    • 2007
  • This paper investigates acoustical characteristics of open-type ceilings using 1:25 scale model. The field survey in the existing 15 halls was carried out to figure out the ceiling structure. The components of the open-type ceiling were mainly steel truss structures, duct, catwalk and finishing surfaces. In order to investigate the absorption characteristics of the equipped ceiling, the absorption coefficient measurements were made using 1:25 reverberation chamber based on ISO 354. Results showed that the absorption coefficient of the empty ceiling structure (6m-height) with 50%-perforated covering plate was 0.2-0.3 at above 500 Hz. When steel structure was added inside the empty ceiling, absorption coefficient increased by 0.16 at 250-1kHz. Adding catwalk did not increase the absorption, but adding duct increased the absorption at 1-2kHz. NRC of the equipped ceiling was 0.39, and the absorption characteristics were mainly found at high frequencies. In addition, the opening size of the covering plate did not change the absorption coefficient of the equipped ceiling meaningfully.

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접착형 박막 측온게이지식 열류센서의 개발에 관한 연구

  • 한응교;박두원;최규철;노병옥;이명호
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 1991.11a
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    • pp.80-86
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    • 1991
  • In this study an the development of the heat flux sensor with thermocouple, the heat-treated adhesive type film nickel gauge(Ni-Gauge) for measuring temperature was used. and this Ni-Gauge is not only comparable for platinum gauge(Pt-Gauge) in linearity, but also economically cheap. And from this viewpoint. numerical analysis is essential to investigate charateristics of sensor, since this analysis is capable of simulating precise boudary condition and practical conditions and so on. By the way. there are many types of heat flux sensor. of which adhesive type flux sensor is common, in the study this type of heat flux sensor was chogen. and analysis of the sensor is considered as a kind of open cavity figure. performed by SIMPLER algorithm. As a result. through temperature distributial of the sensor by numerical analysis in steady and unsteady state, the dracteristics of the acdhesive type heat flux sensor(lst heat flux sensor) acooodinge to heat flux, that is, outvoltage, sensitivity. and responsibilty could be evaluated. in addition, time of improved heat flux sensor(2nd heat flux sensor) could be predicted fran the reflectian of proper operating temperature(l50 $^{\circ}C$)of theNi-Gauge.

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Standardized Body Type and the Suitability of Figures for the Twenties Women (20대 여성의 표준체형과 인대 적합성에 관한 연구)

  • Koo, Mi-Ji;Lee, Jeong-Im
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.601-608
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    • 2005
  • This research investigated the present state of the dress forms used by clothing manufacturers and proposed procedure to bring out the standardized body type and figure for women in twenties. The result of questionnaire showed chief pattern maker's thoughts that dress form should be differently made for each age group and should be more reflected the standard body than the idea body. The standardized body type was made from the standardized posture and size which were analyzed from the interquartile range(IQR) of 314 subjects. The standardized size could be verified as for the balanced body shape of twenties through making the standard dress form. The standardized form(S form) was compared with three kinds of forms(A, K and P) for investigating the suitability of forms. K form was very similar to S form, Educational P form and manufacturer's A form had quite big differences from S form at the important areas for making clothing. The side shapes of A, K and P forms showed differences at back bending, neck angle and hip shape from S form. A form was comparatively smooth and flat. This results could be used as the practical standard to improve the suitability of size and shape in the dress forms of manufacturers and educators.

A Study on the Japanese Female College Students' lifestyle and Clothing Benefits Sought (일본 여대생의 라이프스타일과 의복 추구 혜택과의 관계 연구)

  • Lee Ok-Hee
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.13 no.6 s.59
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    • pp.857-870
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between lifestyles and clothing benefits pursuit. A questionnaire was developed to measure lifestyle and clothing benefits sought. The questionnaire was distributed and collected from 131 college female students in Tokyo. The data was analyzed by percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation, factor analysis, reliability test, MANOVA and ANOVA by SPSS package. The lifestyles of the respondents were classified into five types such as recreational-oriented, fashion-oriented, progressive-oriented, intentional purchasing, and economics-oriented type. And clothing benefits pursuit was classified into five types such as individuality-pursuit, brand-pursuit, convenience-pursuit, fashion -pursuit, and coordination/figure flaws compensation-pursuit. The result of this study were as follows; 1) All of three lifestyle groups of appearance-oriented type, fashion-oriented type, intentional purchasing type had an inclination for individuality-pursuit, brand-pursuit, fashion-pursuit, and not an inclination for convenience-pursuit. 2) The higher the fashion-oriented and intentional purchasing, and the lower the progressive-oriented and economics-oriented were, the higher was individuality-pursuit. 3) The higher progressive-oriented and the lower recreational-oriented were, the higher convenience-pursuit was. 4) The brand-pursuit, convenience-pursuit, and fashion-pursuit were not shown to have the significant differences according to intentional purchasing group.

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A Study on the Design Characteristics of Court Housing in Korea Case Study on the Competition Entries of Eunpyung Newtown (중정형 공동주택의 공간계획 특성 연구 - 은평 뉴타운 현상설계공모안을 중심으로 -)

  • Kang, In-Ho;Park, So-Young
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.107-116
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    • 2006
  • This study was to figure out the design characteristics of court housing type for the purpose of searching for the possibility of applying it to the housing design in Korea. In spite of changes of housing design condition in Korea, especially steep increase in density, there have been changes only in the height of housing block, not in the housing types, layout, spatial organization and other design properties. Due to such a situation, housing in Korea has been criticised as too high, monotonous one - especially types of housing block tend to be fixed into a slab block and a point block. As one of the alternatives to respond to the criticism, this study focused on the positive aspects of the court housing type, and suggested the design direction throughout the analysis of 8 entries in the design competition of EunPyeong New Town, which attempted to overcome the negative problems - mainly the daylighting, orientation, and privacy - and tried to maximize the positive properties of this type of housing.

A Study on the Type and Characteristics of the King Taejo's Taesil in Joseon Dynasty (조선 태조대왕 태실(胎室)의 형식과 특성)

  • Ryu, Kee-Weon;Kim, Ki-Joo
    • Journal of architectural history
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.77-88
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    • 2017
  • Ordinary people generally bury or burn placenta when the baby was born. But, Joseon royal family put placenta in pot and then buried it in propitious site praying for good health and long life. After that baby had become the king of Joseon, people built stone figures formed fixed type at that place. It is called gabong-taesil(加封胎室). The purpose of this study is to figure out the type and characteristics of the King Taejo's taesil in Joseon Dynasty. The King Taejo's taesil had built first as soon as Joseon was established circa 1393, and repaired largely in 1689. Since then, this was damaged by the Japanese Empire and assembled in recent days at near place from the original place. Center piece of taesil remains the original form, and the rest of stone figures is assumed to be rebuilt in 1689. But, some materials like sangseok(裳石) and jeonseok(磚石) are assumed that are original stone figures or were made, assembled by the style of then. Considering most of remained taesil is a relic of the latter part of Joseon Dynasty, the King Taejo' taesil has high cultural value as the first gabong-taesil of Joseon Dynasty inheriting Goryeo Dynasty type.

The Formal Suit Design for Visual Effect of Mid-Aged Men's Shape (Part II) (체형에 적합한 시각효과를 위한 중년남성 정장디자인(제2보))

  • 박순천;이순홍
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.27 no.11
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    • pp.1260-1269
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    • 2003
  • This paper endeavors to examine the most suitable formal dress design for mid-aged men who lives in Kwangju, the Republic of Korea. Visual effect in associate design is considered with adjustment, figured and the body type. There are partly similarity differences in associate design visual effect by one's shape and clothes design. Firstly, in thin type, striped figured suit is the most attractive. Single adjustment suit with striped figured tend to be attractive, young and modernistic. Single adjustment without figured is felt the mellowest. Secondly, in standard type, the suit without figured is perceived the most attractive and masculine. The suit with striped figured is looked more young. Single adjustment suit without figured is the most attractive and mellow also single adjustment with figured is felt the youngest. Double adjustment without figured is felt mellow and with striped figured is felt the most modernistic and familiar. Also double adjustment suit with check figured is felt more modernistic. Thirdly, in pyknic type, the solid figured and striped figured of the suits are felt more masculine and single without figured is thought attractive. Single adjustment with check figured is common image. Also, double adjustment with stripe figured is perceived attractive. In conclusion, the adjustment, number of button and figure are very important facts for the clothes for giving whole visual effect of men's suit.

A study on procedure for classifying male muscular lower body somatotype from general anthropometric database

  • Lee, Minji;Chun, Jongsuk
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.585-595
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    • 2013
  • The most researches developing pattern of compression style sportswear were targeted at the live model that has muscular body build. The purpose of this study was developing a method for classifying men's lower body types in terms of muscular body build. The 3D human body scan data and body measurements of 30s of Size Korea were analyzed. The subjects (n=203) were men between the ages of 30 and 39 years. Men's muscular body build was classified with two key dimensions, thigh girth and calf girth. The subjects were divided into four groups. From each group, average subjects (n=42) whose height and weight were close to the mean value ($mean{\pm}1/2$ S.D.) were selected. 42 subjects were divided up as four groups. Group I (n=7) was thigh and calf developed body type. Group II (n=9) was thigh developed body type. Group III (n=11) was calf developed body type. Group IV (n=15) was thigh and calf undeveloped body type. Four groups had distinct different at widths (n=4), depths (n=4), and girths (n=9) dimensions. The results showed that the muscular men in their 30s could be defined by thigh and calf girths. The thigh developed muscular men had thigh girth over 60cm and the calf developed muscular men had calf girth over 38cm. From each group one representative was selected by 3D body scan figure.