• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.100-105
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• 2013

This paper presents a sea surface reconstruction method that uses measured radar images by applying filtering techniques and identifying wave characteristics of the surrounding the Ieodo ocean research station using WaveFinder (X-band wave measurement radar), which is installed in the station. In addition, the results obtained from real radar images are used to verify the reconstructed sea surface. WaveFinder is a marine system that was developed to measure wave information in real time. The WaveFinder installed in the station could acquire sequent images for the sea surface at constant time intervals to obtain real time information (Wave height, mean wave period, wave directionality, etc.) for the wave by getting a three-dimensional spectrum by applying an FFT algorithm to the acquired sequent images and wave dispersion relation. In particular, we found the wave height using the SNR (Signal to noise ratio) of the acquired images. The wave information measured by WaveFinder could be verified by comparing and analyzing the results measured using the wave measurement instrument (Sea level monitor) in the station. Additionally, the wave field around the station could be reconstructed through the three-dimensional spectrum and the inverse FFT filtering from the analyzed results for the measured radar images. We verified the applicability of the sea surface reconstruction method by comparing the measured and simulated sea surfaces.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.259-265
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of soaking time of seed disinfectant, Fludioxonil on the germination and disease occurrence of adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf). The germination rate was higher in the seed disinfectant treatment for 3 days followed by seed soaking for 3 days than that of other treatments under controlled condition of low temperature. The value of two experiments were 90.8%, 96.7%, repectively. And, the time of seed soaking was longer, the more seed rot was proportionly decreased. In the pot and field experiment, germination rates were somewhat low compared to that of petri dish experiment as 88.3%, 84.3%, and occurence of seedling blight showed similar results that of petri dish experiments. There was not significantly different in the yield components among treatments in the field. However, as compared with untreated plot (194kg/10a), unhulled grain yield was increased about 26% on that treatment. Based on these results, it has been thought that improvement of the germonation rate and decrease of disease occurrence of adlay were accompanied with the seed disinfectant during 3 days followed by seed soaking during 3 days before sowing.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.18-23
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• 2012

To determine the effect of winter green manure crops for tillage and no-tillage organic pepper cultivation in plastic film house, five different green manure crops were cultivated during winter season. In nutrition composition of green manure crops, total nitrogen contents were higher in Vicia hirsuta and Vicia angustifolia than any other crops. The average dry weights of green manure crops were 8.3 ton per ha in tillage and 7.0 ton per ha in no-tillage, among green manure crops that of Secale cereale was the highest. Fertilizer supply was depended on the biomass of the cultivated green manure crops and nutrition contents, total nitrogen supply of V. angustifolia was 226 kg and that of S. cereale was 251 kg per ha in tillage field. In no-tillage field, N-supply of V. angustifolia was 197 kg and that of S. cereale was 222 kg per ha. In yield components of red pepper, fruit numbers per plant were 55.5 in green manure crop tillage and 37.0 in no-tillage cultivation. Among green manure crops, the yield of dried red pepper was the highest for V. angustifolia in both green manure crop tillage and no-tillage cultivation.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.38-43
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• 2012

This study was conducted to predict the yield response of red pepper and to determine the economic weed threshold levels for red pepper cultivation field from competition with the most serious weeds, Amaranthus patulus and Digitaria ciliaris in Youngyang of Korea. Crop yield as a function of weed density was predicted by using a rectangular hyperbola, and their economic threshold levels were determined by using the equation developed by Cousens (1987). The red pepper yield loss models of weeds were predicted as y=304.7/(1+0.063x), $R^2$=0.967 in D. ciliaris and y=281.3/(1+0.1723x), $R^2$=0.952 in A. patulus. Economic thresholds calculated using Cousens' equation were negatively related with the competitiveness of weed. Economic thresholds of each weed were calculated as 18.2 plant $100m^{-2}$ in D ciliaris, and 7.2 plant $100m^{-2}$ in A. patulus.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.67-84
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present the basic data for qualitative improvement of emergency care for emergency patient by paramedic in fire station by understanding the level of awareness and practice in prehospital and transfer step, and understanding the level of emergency care and improvement of clinical knowledge through hospital clinical training. Methods: The researchers explained the objective for 143 persons who completed hospital clinical training from June 2nd, 2006 to October 23rd, 2009 among paramedic in fire station. The questionnaire in this research consisted of 80 questions. In the reliability for the awareness of emergency patient assessment, cronbach's $\alpha$ was 0.95, and in the reliability for emergency care fulfillment, cronbach's $\alpha$ was 0.93. reliability for clinical knowledge improvement is cronbach's $\alpha=.95$, and reliability for emergency care fulfillment is cronbach's $\alpha=.82$. Collected data was analyzed through SPSS 18.0 statistics program for frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, Paired t-test, t-test, Correlation Coefficient, and internal consistency reliability was analyzed by cronbach's $\alpha$. Results: 1) The paramedic awareness and practice difference for emergency patient is statistically signification for general patient assessment(t=14.159, p=.000), trauma patient assessment(t=11.288, p=.000), internal medicine patient assessment(t=10.898, p=.000), and it shows the level of practice is lower than the level of awareness. 2) The paramedic difference between the level of awareness and practice according to whether or not they have clinical career is not signification on awareness(t=3.119, p=.125), and is high on practice(t=3.119, p=.002). 3) The correlation between paramedic awareness and the level of practice shows positive correlation(r=.61, p=.000). The higher the awareness of emergency patient assessment is, the higher the level of practice is. 4) The difference between paramedic clinical knowledge improvement and the level of emergency care practice is statistically significant(t=3.351, p=.001). 5) 89.6%(128 persons) of paramedic replied hospital clinical training experiences are helpful for field activity. 92.3%(133 persons) replied they apply well for clinical knowledge learned during hospital clinical training and emergency care skills in the field. Conclusion: Paramedic in fire station must evaluate the patient's initial assessment and activate the transfer system to the emergency department. It is necessary to develop and implement the effective education program continuously. The education program should systemize currently operated hospital clinical training. emergency disease and symptoms emergency care method, and practice mainly skill education should be progressed. In the prehospital and transfer management, high quality of medical assessment is required to the emergency medical service system. Medical direction from the doctors can feedback the paramedic continuously and continuing education must be provided to the paramedic in fire station.

• Atmosphere
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

We need water equivalent unit data of snowfall for the purpose of forecast and hydrology related research area. This study developed new method of automatic recording snowfall as weight unit with circle type plate using stain-gauge loadcell. Field test of instrument carried out at Daegwallyeong Obs. Station from 20 to 23 Jan. 2008 during heavy snowfall. There is 74.2cm snow depth and 54.6mm precipitation by Daegwallyeong Obs. Station. But the instrument of this study recorded 71.0mm of precipitation amount. Because of different observation method can cause more 15.4mm than Daegwallyeong Obs. Station. But this study gives the possibility of observation of new snow fall measurement under freezing conditions of snow. From the observation data the density of snowfall calculated from 0.09 to $1015g/cm_3$ from the observation period. And have a good relations between manual observation and automatic observation data from this study instrument with slope of 1.35 to 1.39.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.3-9
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• 1989

Field experiment was conducted to find out the cause of calcium deficiency of burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), Liming materials and application rate were CaSO4 : Ca 35kg/10a, CaCO3 : 35kg/10a and agricultural lime : Ca 142kg/10a. The breakdown in tissues at tips and margins of upper leaves was developed at maximum growth stage. If complete breakdown and death does not occur and growth takes place later, giving the leaf a scalloped appearance. Upper leaves contained lower calcium content than other leaves. The stem and midvein of calcium deficient plants contained lower calcium and calcium minus oxalic acid, but higher oxalic acid contents than those of normal plant. Fresh leaves of limed plot contained higher calcium and oxalic acid, but not significant increment of calcium minus oxalic acid than those of unlimed plot. Since calcium oxalate is insoluble, it could precipitate within the culls if the calcium and oxalic acid are accessible to each other. It suggest that high level of oxalic acid in stem and midvein could be interfering with translocation of calcium to upper leaves.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 1986

Effect of nitrogen rate with and without chance of Phosphorus and Potassium rate was investigated in a field experiment. Percentage of plant mortality after transplanting increased with N rates above 32.5kg/10a. The content of total nitrogen increased and postassium decreased slightly as the rates of applied N was increased, but the contents of total alkaloid and phosphorus were not affected at each growing stage. It was considered that the application of 17.5kg of P2O5 and 35.0kg of K2O Per 10a might be sufficient for high yield and good Quality. As the N rates being increased, the yield, value, contents of total alkaloid and total nitrogen of cured leaf increased However, the Brice per kg was not significantly different among 17.5 ~ 37.5kg / 10a of N rates. The application of 37.5kg/10a of N may be profitable for farm economy; but, the N application should be controlled 17.5~22.5kg/10a for the low nitrogen and alkaloid leaf.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.53-56
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• 1994

This study was aimed at finding out the effect of herbicide quinclorac (3, 7-dichloro-8- quinoline carbxylic acid) on tobacco culture in paddy soil. Herbicides quinclorac(Pozol, Pulta and Tomata) was randomly applied to subdivided paddy soil in Sep. 1992, and tobacco seedlings were transplanted to the field when seedling averaged 2cm in height in April 1993. Experiment plots were divided into non - treatment, standard(3kg/10a) and two times(6kg/10a) in amounts for each three herbicides. The symptoms of damage from herbicide were sighted when the plants had developed 8-9 leaves at 30 day after transplanting in standard amount plots, and when the plants had developed 4-5 leaves at 20 days after transplanting in two times treatments. The new leaves from damaged plants were bended out, and leaf color changed from green to dark - green, and then gradually advanced to abnormal narrow leaves. Standard treatments of herbicides showed a decrease of 18% in price per kg, 18% in yield and 33% in value per 10a than those of non - treatment, while two times treatments showed a decrease of 33%, 29%, 52% compared with non - treatment, respectively.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.512-516
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• 2013

Pear cultivar 'Sinhwa' (Pyrus pyrifolia var. culta Nakai) was originated from a cross between 'Niitaka' and Whasan' with the aims of improving the fruit quality and the traits of cultivation and of early maturing more than 'Whasan' cultivar at Pear Research Station of National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration in 1995. 'Sinhwa' was preliminarily selected in 2004 and named in 2009. The tree shows vigorous growth habit and semi-spread characters like 'Niitaka'. Furthermore, it has a sufficient and well upkeep of the flower bud, so it can be more easily cultivated in orchards. In the flower characteristics, flowering time of 'Sinhwa' is $11^{th}$ April like as maternal parent 'Niitaka'. Also 'Sinhwa' has short of pollen grains, so it is need above two pollinizer cultivars. 'Sinhwa' is highly resistant to black leaf spot (Alternaria kikuchiana) and relatively strong to pear scab (Venturia nashicola) in field condition. The optimum harvest time is around Sep. $15^{th}$ in Naju, which is ahead of 'Whasan' about 10 days in the harvest period. The fruit shape is oblate and fruit skin color is yellowish-brown during harvesting time. The average weight of fruit is 627 g, and the soluble solids content is $13.0^{\circ}Brix$. The flesh is very soft and juicy, and renders good eating quality. Shelf life is about 30 days under the room temperature condition.