• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.201-208
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• 2000

PCBs and DDE were determined in the soil samples and the Korean striped field mice, Apodemus agrarius, collected at six localities in Changwon and one locality in Gaduck Island from August 1997 to May 1998. The residual level of PCBs in soils, in which the concentrations of high chlorinated compounds were much higher than those of low chlorinated ones, was highest in the industrial area(IA) in Changwon(60.7 ng/g in average), whereas those of DDE in soils was highest in Gaduck Island(331.9 ng/g in average). However, the levels of each compound detected from soils in the respective remaining places were relatively low. The similar tendency as in the soils was observed in the mice, indicating that the concentration of pollutants in the mice could denote the status of pollution in the terrestrial environment. The composition of PCB congeners in the mice, however, was different from that of soils, but similar to those of other mammals. Moreover, the residual levels of PCBs and DDE in pregnant females from which fetuses were removed were lower than those of males and non-pregnant females. It suggests that these compounds accumulated in pregnant females might have been transferred to the fetuses through placenta as in other mammals. Judging from the above facts, it is suggested that the striped field mouse can be an useful biological index to evaluate the contamination in mammals inhabiting terrestrial environment.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.24-40
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• 1987

Striped filed mice from Jeju-Do (Apodemus agrarius chejuensis) were used for morphometric and chromosomal studies in order to compare them with striped field mice from the korean peninsula (A. Agrarius coreae). It was found that A.agrarius chejuensis and A. agrarius coreae are similar in karyotypes and it was confirmed that the former is a large-size group and the latter is a small-size group.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2002

This study were performed to investigate the effect of magnetic field exposure on semen characteristic and the weights of body, reproductive organs and liver, kidney and spleen in mice. In magnetic field exposure for 15 days, sperm concentrations and viability were significantly lower in magnetic field(15.7$\times$10$^{6}$ $m\ell$, 29.3%) than that in control group(25.1$\times$10$^{6}$ $m\ell$, 34.4%)(P＜0.05). The proportion of sperm abnormality were significantly increased in magnetic field exposure groups for 15 days than that in control group(P＜0.05). The exposure of magnetic field in mice didn't affect the body and reproductive organ weight such as testis, epididymis, vasicular gland and coagulatin gland. The weight in liver and kidney were not affect in magnetic field exposure groups. However, the spleen weight were significantly higher(P＜0.05) in group exposed with than without magnetic field. This studies indicate the short or long term magnetic field exposure in mice were noxious effects on the sperm characteristics and spleen weight, but didn't affect body, reproductive organs, and liver and kidney weight.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 1997

Four external and 27 cranial characters of striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius) from 16 regions in China and Korea, representing six subspecies, were analyzed by multivariate methods. Three subgroups were recognized: the large-size form from Cheju island, Korea (subspecies chejuensis), the middle-size form from the Korean peninsula (subspecies coreae), and the small-size form from China (subspecies manchuricus, pallidior, ningpoensis, insulaemus). It was confirmed that four subspecies of striped field mouse from China can be classified into subspecies ningpoensis, as noted by Corbet (1978), and that subspecies coreae and chjuensis are distinct subspecies, as stated by Jones and Johnson (1965). In the future, morphometric analyses with striped field mice from Europe and Russia will be necessary to confirm subspecies classification of A. agrarius agrarius.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.79-82
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• 2002

Main attackers on pine seeds on the forest floor were investigated in Korea. Damage on pine cones begins in early stage of cone formation, especially by squirrel and Korean squirrel. The above animals left Kayak-like hulls of seed on rocks and fallen tree trunk. Field mice also left the same shape of Kayak-like hulls. But birds including doves and peasants left large shreds with longitudinal cracks or seed cup trace. Most of seeds on the leaf litters as well as under the fallen leaf were consumed by fold mice and birds. Especially fold mice found the seeds under fallen leaves and consumed all of them.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.327-334
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• 1998

Four external and 27 cranial characters of three subspecies of striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius) from 15 regions in far eastern Asia(South Korea, North Korea, northeastern China, and far eastern Russia) were analyzed by multivariate methods in order to determine taxonomic status of striped field mice from North Korea. Three subgroups were recognized: a large-size form from two localities in South Korea(Cheju Island, Wando Island): a medium-size form from eight localities in South Korea and North Korea(Jindo Island, Kunsan, Mt. Chirisan, Cheongju, Mt. Weoleksan, Mt. taebaksan; Haeju, Sineuiju); a small-size form from five localities in North Korea, northeastern China, and far eastern Russia (Mt. Kumkangsan, Mt. Myohyangsan; Jirin, Yichun; Vladivostok). It is confirmed that the large-size form, the medium-size form, and the small-size form are subspecies chejuensis, coreae, and manchuricus, respectively, as noted by Koh et al.(1997). It is revealed that striped field mice(the medium-size form) from western region of North Korea (Haeju, Sineuiju) is classified into A. agrarius coreae, as noted by Thomas(1908), but striped field mice(the small-size form) from eastern region of North Korea(Mt. Kumkangsan, Mt. Myohyangsan) is A. agrarius manchuricus.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.34-56
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• 2021

Purpose - This study presents strategies to overcome the COVID-19-induced crisis in Korea's meetings, incentives, conferences, and exhibitions (MICE) industry. It aims to quantitatively identify the environmental factors affecting the industry and their degree of influence, and derive optimal countermeasures. Design/methodology - The study applied the SWOT-AHP-TOWS framework. An AHP analysis was first performed within the SWOT frame, and then a TOWS analysis was conducted using the results of the SWOT-AHP analysis. In the AHP analysis, the number of pairwise comparison questions was limited to four for each SWOT factor to increase the consistency of responses by reducing the burden on respondents. Findings - The plunge in demand (threats factor) has had an overwhelming impact on the MICE industry, more than any other environmental factor. To overcome the crisis, the ST alternative that takes advantage of dynamic pop culture to minimize the business damage caused by the plunge in demand was the top priority measure. Based on the results, this study presents suggestions for overcoming the crisis in the MICE industry. First, the industry should develop profitable business models to supplement scarce financial resources by exploiting Korea's success with quarantine management. Second, the government must provide emergency relief funds or bailout support to protect MICE facilities and employees. Originality/value - Unlike previous work on the MICE industry, this study utilized the SWOT-AHPTOWS framework to derive quick research results in an abnormal situation. This approach can be expanded to other countries with different industrial environments and situations. Additionally, when applying this method to MICE sub-sectors, countermeasures should be tailored to each field.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1973

Cultural method, dark field microscopy & fluorescent antibody technique were compared for their sensitivity of the detection of leptospires from experimentally infected mice. Two groups of mice were infected with L. icterohemorrhagiae (M20) and L. australis (Ballico), and the infected blood, urine and a number of organs were subjected to the bacterial isolation. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. L. icterohemorrhagiae (M20) and L. australis (Ballico) in blood, urine and various tissues of experimentally infected mice were detected with a negrigible non specificity, by the fluorescent antibody technique. 2. The fluorescent antibody technique, as applied to detection of leptospires in blood, urine and various infected tissue, proved to be better than cultural method and dark-field microscopy. 3. Early detection of leptospires by fluorescent antibody technique were possible in blood at 2 days after inoculation, whereas detection of organisms in liver, spleen, lung and kidney were observed later. By means of fluorescent antibody technique, the detection of leptospires in kidney and urine was possible up to 34 days postinoculation, whereas those in other parts were impossible. 4. Fluorescent antibody reaction of leptospires were highly specific to homologous antigen rather than to heterologous one. 5. Fluorescent antibody technique may be of value in the application for the demonstration of leptospira from clinical specimens.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 1997

Seasonal variation of the population structure and the reproductive pattern of the Korean striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius, were investigated. High capture ratios in juveniles, young adult, and old adult mice were found during the period from October to November, from November to March, and from May to September, respectively, and extremely low capture ratios of old adults during the period from November to February were characteristic. It seemed that the young adults that survived during the winter might become older by summer and have been counted as the old adults. The breeding in the mice began earlier in males (from mid February or early March to late October) than in females (from mid March to late October), having a peak in August and September, and both the male and female mice weighing more than 20 g generally reached sexual maturation in general. In the breeding season, both young and old adult males had large testes with enlarged seminiferous tubules filled with numerous germ and Sertoli cells, and expanded caudal epididymides with a vast number of spermatozoa; the females had many Graafian follicles and corpora lutea in large ovaries, and developed uterine glands in the thick endometria. The lower ratios of the testis weight to the body weight in July and August in 1994 compared to 1995 seemed due to the extreme drought and considerably higher temperature in 1994, but the decrease in the ratio in mid-summer, only in the old mice, in both years might be explained partially by aging.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2007

We demonstrate the capability of differential-phase optical coherence tomography (DP-OCT) to detect superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles taken up by liver parenchymeal macrophages (Kupffer cells). We apply an external time-varying high-intensity focused magnetic field. Our experiments demonstrate a novel diagnostic modality to detect macrophages that have taken up SPIO nanoparticles. Magnetic force acting on the nanoparticles was varied by applying a sinusoidal current to a solenoid containing a conical iron core that substantially increased and focused the magnetic field strength ($B_{max}$ = 2 Tesla). $ApoE^{-/-}$ mice were sacrificed 2 days post intravenous injections of different SPIO doses (1.0, and 0.1 mmol Fe/kg body weight). Livers of $ApoE^{-/-}$ mice with and without injection of SPIO nanoparticles were investigated using DP-OCT, which detects tissue movement with nanometer resolution. Frequency response of iron-laden liver movement was twice the stimulus frequency. Movement was not observed in livers of control mice. Results of our experiments indicate DP-OCT is a candidate methodology to detect tissue based macrophages containing SPIO nanoparticles excited by an external focused magnetic field.