• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.59-73
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the percent of body fat. fatness indices. and relationship between the percent body fat and dietary factors among the female middle school athletes. Hights, weights, an percent body fats of 17 soccer player. 10swimmer, and 5 rhythmic gymnast were measured. Dietary data were collected by questionnaires. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. Average body fat measured by infrared interactance method was 23.8$\pm$4.9% and BMI body fat was 20.3$\pm$2.6% Fatness indices such as BMI was 18.8$\pm$2.1 Rohrer index 119.4$\pm$11.8 percentage of ideal weight 90.4$\pm$9.2 and RBW 29.7$\pm$4.1. 2. Soccer player, swimmer, and rhythmic gymnast showed significant differences in percent body fat and fatness indices. ryhthmic gymnasts were smaller and lighter. 3. Most athletes were interested in diet and nutrition. and wanted to learn more about nutrition. Middle school female athletes ranked parents first or second for nutrition information. followed by managers$.$coaches$.$trainers. 4. Nutrition knowledge test score was 4.7 point out of possible 10, which is rather low, and showed significant difference in 3 kinds of players. 5. The quantities of food eaten in breakfast. lunch dinner and snack were significantly different among soccer player. swimmer. and rhythmic gymnast. In preference score of food groups, only beverage score was significantly different and of cooking methods. roasting and steaming were significantly different among the soccer player. swimmer. and rhythmic gymnast. 6. When subjects were divided into 3 groups on the basis of % infrared body fat, subjects with the highest body fat showed the tendency to eat more than others(non-sig). In the preference score of food groups. only fish showed significant difference among the groups. There were no significant differences between body fat and preference of various cooking method.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.127-142
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• 2021

This study aims to organize the prototype design method of compression wear for women professional soccer players. Despite the excellent performance of female soccer players in world competition, most functional wear has been developed mainly for men, so professional female athletes have fewer choices. Soccer is a sport requiring core and lower body muscle strength, and muscular endurance for long periods of playing or walking on the field. Female soccer players did not differ much in upper body compared to other women, but their lower body had a smaller hip circumference than waist circumference and a larger thigh circumference, requiring compilation considering the physical characteristics and movement of athletes. Female soccer players wear sports bras while playing but regular bras and compression wear during normal exercise because they sweat on under their breast, which irritates sensitive skin. For core muscles in the upper body and to support for thigh and hip muscles in the lower body, the uniform in this study was designed by reducing the body size of a professional female soccer player in her 20s and the actual measurements of commercial compilation software to 81% of the chest circumference, 95% of the waist circumference, and 78% of the hip circumference. The design experiment in this study was a simple exercise and did not produce produce results for long-term exercise and performance improvement, but can be used to design a composition pattern system for other professional female athletes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.729-735
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• 2003

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of iron supplement for 4 weeks on iron status, immunity, and antioxidant status of national female soccer players (n = 25). This study was performed at summer hard training period right before competition. A single blind design was used to divide the subjects into iron-supplement (IS) or placebo group (P). Iron-supplement group was supplemented with iron (40 mg/d) for 4 weeks. The mean age of the subjects was 23.3 $\pm$ 2.5 years old. Mean height and body weight of the subjects were 164.4 $\pm$ 5.7 em and 57.4 $\pm$ 4.6 kg, respectively. The mean carrier as soccer player was 11.0 $\pm$ 2.6 years and mean training time was 7.0 $\pm$ 1.3 hr/day. The mean hemoglobin, hematocrit, total iron binding capacity and ferritin concentrations before iron supplementation were not different between two groups. After 4 weeks of summer training and iron supplementation, serum ferritin level was significantly increased only in IS group after supplementation. Mean corpuscular volume and total iron binding capacity were significantly decreased in both groups. Meanwhile, hemoglobin and red blood cell count were significantly lowered only in placebo group. The IgM concentration increased significantly in both groups, but IgG concentration had increasing tendency only in IS group (p < 0.064). Therefore, iron supplementation during hard training period may be helpful to improve work capacity of the athletes by improving ferritin status and humoral immune responses.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.189-193
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• 2003

This study has been performed to investigate the changes in serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles of the national female soccer players during summer training season. Twenty five Korean national soccer players participated in the study. The mean age of the subjects was 23.3$\pm$2.5 years old. Their mean carrier as soccer player was 11.0 $\pm$2.6 years. Mean height was 164.4$\pm$5.7 cm and mean weight was 57.4$\pm$4.6 kg. Mean body fat percent was 23.9$\pm$3.0% and body mass index was 22.4$\pm$6.0. Mean serum triglyc eride concentration was normal (81.0$\pm$26.3 mg $dl^{-1}$), but total cholesterol (224.3$\pm$58.3 mg $dl^{-1}$) and LDL-cholesterol (162.2$\pm$59.0 mg $dl^{-1}$ were higher than normal range. Hematocrit, hemoglobin and total iron binding capacity were low, but in a normal range. Serum triglyceride concentration was negatively correlated with red blood cell counts (r=-0.448, p<0.05). Meanwhile, HDL-cholesterol was positively correlated with hematocrit percent (r=0.408, p<0.05). Therefore, better iron status was related with better serum lipid profiles of the subjects. Four weeks of iron supplementation had no effect on serum lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol of the subjects.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.91-108
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• 2020

Korea's famous soccer players are steadily performing well in international leagues, which led to higher interests of Korean fans in the international leagues. Reflecting the growing social phenomenon of rising interests on international leagues by Korean fans, the study examined the overall consumer perception in the consumption of uniform by domestic soccer fans and compared the changes in perception following the transfers of the players. Among others, the paper examined the consumer perception and purchase factors of soccer fans shown in social media, focusing on periods before and after the recruitment of Heung-Min Son to English Premier League's Tottenham Football Club. To this end, the EPL uniform is the collection keyword the paper utilized and collected consumer postings from domestic website and social media via Python 3.7, and analyzed them using Ucinet 6, NodeXL 1.0.1, and SPSS 25.0 programs. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the uniform of the club that consistently topped the league, has been gaining attention as a popular uniform, and the players' performance, and the players' position have been identified as key factors in the purchase and search of professional football uniforms. In the case of the club, the actual ranking and whether the league won are shown to be important factors in the purchase and search of professional soccer uniforms. The club's emblem and the sponsor logo that will be attached to the uniform are also factors of interest to consumers. In addition, in the decision making process of purchase of a uniform by professional soccer fan, uniform's form, marking, authenticity, and sponsors are found to be more important than price, design, size, and logo. The official online store has emerged as a major purchasing channel, followed by gifts for friends or requests from acquaintances when someone travels to the United Kingdom. Second, a classification of key control categories through the convergence of iteration correlation analysis and Clauset-Newman-Moore clustering algorithm shows differences in the classification of individual groups, but groups that include the EPL's club and player keywords are identified as the key topics in relation to professional football uniforms. Third, between 2002 and 2006, the central theme for professional football uniforms was World Cup and English Premier League, but from 2012 to 2015, the focus has shifted to more interest of domestic and international players in the English Premier League. The subject has changed to the uniform itself from this time on. In this context, the paper can confirm that the major issues regarding the uniforms of professional soccer players have changed since Ji-Sung Park's transfer to Manchester United, and Sung-Yong Ki, Chung-Yong Lee, and Heung-Min Son's good performances in these leagues. The paper also identified that the uniforms of the clubs to which the players have transferred to are of interest. Fourth, both male and female consumers are showing increasing interest in Son's league, the English Premier League, which Tottenham FC belongs to. In particular, the increasing interest in Son has shown a tendency to increase interest in football uniforms for female consumers. This study presents a variety of researches on sports consumption and has value as a consumer study by identifying unique consumption patterns. It is meaningful in that the accuracy of the interpretation has been enhanced by using a cluster analysis via convergence of iteration correlation analysis and Clauset-Newman-Moore clustering algorithm to identify the main topics. Based on the results of this study, the clubs will be able to maximize its profits and maintain good relationships with fans by identifying key drivers of consumer awareness and purchasing for professional soccer fans and establishing an effective marketing strategy.