• 복식
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• 제66권7호
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• pp.154-170
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• 2016

The female leadership styles in the 21st century have been established as a major axis. Especially, the fashion of female politicians being exposed to the public during political activities has become a main element of a measure displaying visually female leadership styles in the 21st century and image making as well. Consequently, this study conducted qualitative research through the interview method to figure out regular voters' thoughts in depth about images being required for female political leaders and the fashion maximizing those images, and drew the detailed design elements. Suggesting the clothes design reflecting those elements for female political leaders by 3D virtual clothing works emerging as a new market creating profits related to fashion. The images which female political leaders have to have and were extracted through the interviews in this study, showed as feminine, strong leader, honest, and intelligent images, and also it was shown that female political leaders displaying proper images depending on the circumstances and using those images in politics rather than sticking to a fashion identity were favored by interviewees. The present study intends to contribute to being used as basic data of various research and fashion items of virtual reality and establishment of successful fashion strategy for female political leaders.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2020

본 연구는 채용과 승진에 있어 여성골프지도자들의 불평등한 현실을 조사하고 이를 극복 할 수 있는 대안을 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이에 드라이빙레인지에 취업한 지도경력이 10년 이상 된 여성골프지도자 9명의, 심층인터뷰와 본 연구자의 참여 관찰로 이루어졌으며 영역분석과 분류분석을 활용하고 전문가의 협의, 삼각검증방법, 참여자들과의 재확인을 하였다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 여성골프지도자들은 사회적 인식과 먼저 진출한 남성골프지도자들의 네트워크에 동등한 경쟁을 할 수 없었다. 둘째, 여성골프지도자들은 한국사회에서 유교문화로 교육되어온 여성의 역할론에 충실했다. 셋째, 젠더 불평등 현실을 극복하기 위해서 스스로 교육을 선택해 자아존중감을 높이고 있었다. 넷째, 채용공고와 업무 표준화로 공정한 기회를 주어야 한다. 마지막으로, 선수의 비율은 곧 지도자의 비율로 이어지며 지도자의 수가 평등으로 가는 조건이 된다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.121-143
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• 2020

본 연구는 지난 10년간 한국 사회의 남성 리더, 여성 리더, 좋은 리더에 대한 역할 도식의 구체적인 내용과 변화를 탐색하고, 응답자 성별에 따라 리더에 대한 인식이 다른지 살펴보고자 실시되었다. 이를 위하여 2007년과 2017년도 수도권 지역의 남녀 성인 응답자(대학생, 직장인) 736명을 대상으로 조사를 진행했다. 90개의 리더 특성 중 남성 리더, 여성 리더 그리고 좋은 리더의 행동 특성으로 생각되는 항목들을 각각 선택하도록 하고, 응답에 대한 빈도분석과 순위상관 분석 및 중첩도 분석을 시행한 결과, 남성 리더와 여성 리더의 전형적인 행동 특성은 각각 남성과 여성의 성역할인 주도성과 공동관계 지향성을 중심으로 구성되어 있는 반면, 좋은 리더에 대한 역할 도식은 주도적 특성과 공동관계 지향적 특성이 모두 포함되어 있음을 확인하였다. 그리고 남성 리더와 좋은 리더의 역할 도식은 조사 시점과 응답자 성별에 따라 차이가 있는 반면, 여성 리더에 대한 역할 도식은 상대적으로 고정되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 좋은 리더의 역할 도식은 남녀 리더의 도식에 비해서 세분화되어 있고, 시기에 따라 표상의 내용이 다차원적으로 변화한 것으로 나타났다. 남녀 리더와 좋은 리더에 대한 도식이 얼마나 중첩되는지 분석한 결과, 2007년도에는 남성 리더를 여성 리더에 비해서 좋은 리더로 인식했으나, 2017년도에는 남성 리더와 여성 리더가 좋은 리더로 인식되는데 차이가 없었다. 그러나 이러한 인식은 응답자의 성별에 따라 달리 나타났는데, 2007년도에는 남성 응답자들이 여성 응답자들보다 남성 리더와 좋은 리더 간 중첩도를 높게 인식한 반면, 2017년도에는 여성 응답자들이 남성 응답자들에 비해서 여성 리더와 좋은 리더 간의 중첩도를 높게 인식하는 경향이 있었다. 끝으로, 본 연구 결과의 함의 및 향후 연구문제를 논의하였다

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.191-208
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• 2002

본 조사 연구에서는 우리나라 여성 공무원 리더(5급 이상)들의 효율성, 성정체감 및 삶의 만족도를 조직의 성 차별 문화와 관련시켜 검토하고자 하였다. 조사 대상은 중앙 부처에 근무하는 5급 이상의 남녀 공무원 리더들(여성 150명, 남성 154명)과 여성 리더의 직속 상사(139명)였다. 그 결과, 상사가 평가한 여성 리더의 효율성은 여성 리더가 후배 여성들에 대해 멘토링을 열심히 할수록 낮아지며 관계지향적 행동을 할수록 높아졌다. 여성 리더의 삶의 만족도는 멘토링을 많이 할수록, 그리고 여성으로서의 성정체감이 높을수록 높아졌으나 조직의 성차별 문화가 높을수록 낮아 졌다. 조직의 성차별 문화는 또한 부정적인 여성들간의 관계-특히 여성 상사에 대한 부정적 평가-와 상관되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 우리나라의 여성 공무원 리더들에 대한 효율성 평가, 여성 공무원 리더들의 성정체감과 삶의 만족도가 조직 구성원들의 여성에 대한 고정관념과 차별적 조직 문화에 의해 제약받고 있다는 것을 보여 준다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.80-92
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• 2012

현대사회에서 뉴스는 신화와 같은 역할을 한다고 한다. 신화는 사람들이 세상을 이해하고 체험하는 의미의 틀을 제공하는데, 그 신화를 구성하는 데 미디어 뉴스가 큰 역할을 하기 때문이다. 그런 의미에서 본 연구는 남녀 고위직 경제인들이 신문보도 사진에 어떻게 재현되는지를 내용분석의 양적인 방법과 기호학적인 질적방법을 통해 분석하고자 하였다. 1990년 1월 1일부터 2011년 12월 31일까지 지난 20년간 조선일보에 실린 기획 인터뷰 및 인물중심 기사 가운데 여성 경제리더 사진 전수와 무작위로 뽑은 동일 수의 남성 경제리더 사진을 분석하였다. 분석결과 남성은 대체로 업무현장과 밀접한 배경에서 역동적이고 진지하게 묘사되었고, 인물의 이미지를 강하게 표현하는 바스트샷이 대부분을 구성하였다. 반면 여성들은 업무와 분리된 장식적인 배경 속에서 인위적인 포즈를 취하고 있는 전신사진을 통해 수동적인 객체로 재현되는 남성주의적 시각이 발견되었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.291-306
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• 1997

The purposes of this study were 1) to identify the gender differences in the perception of sexuality in jeans fashion advertising 2) to identify the differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in the preferences of advertisements and followers in the preferences of advertisements and intentions to buy the advertised jeans in highly and low sexual advertising. The data were collected via a questionnaire from 441 collesge students(female=225, male=216) living in Seoul. Korea, and analyzed by t-test. The results of this study were as follows: First there were significant differences between male and female in the perception of sexuality in jeans fashion advertising. Second to significant differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in intentions to buy the advertised jeans of highly sexy advertisements were found in the data collected from male. But there were not significant differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in preferences and intentions to buy the advertised jeans of highly sexy advertisements in female's data. Third there were significant differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in the preference of low sexy advertisements in female's data. But there were not significant differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in preferences and intentions to buy the advertised jeans of low sexy advertisements in male's data.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.63-75
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• 1997

The purposes of this study was to identify the differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in the characteristics oriented New Young Generation and the types of fashion advertising involvement. The data were collected via a questionnaire from 431 college students(female=218 male=213) living in Seoul, Korea and analyzed by factor analysis and t-test. The results of this study were as follows: First, eight factors of the characteristics oriented New Young Generation were identified: Fashion, individuality, preference of caffe with affective mood, expression of emotion, indivisualism, preference of tastes oriented Western Europe, activity of pan club and chatting by personal computer. The significant differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in fashion, individuality, preferences of the caffe with affetive mood, and expression of emotion were found in the data collected from female. There were significant differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in fashion, individuality in the data collected from male. Second, three factors of fashion involvement advertising were identified: The hedonic involvement, social involvement, utilitarian involvement. The significant differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in the hedonic involvement, social involvement, utilitarian involvement and the levels of involvement were found in the case of female's data. There were significant differences between fashion opinion leaders and followers in the hedonic involvement, social involvement and levels of involvement except for utilitarian involvement in the case of male's data.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.26-35
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• 1997

Consumers use a variety of decision making styles. The purpose of this was to identify the decision making styles of fashion leaders. Self-report scales were used to measure fashion leadership and decision making styles for 236 female college students. The data were analyzed using factor analysis and t-tests. The results indicated that fashion leaders have unique decision making styles of recreational shopping/fashion conscious, brand-loyal and high quality conscious. The implications of these findings for fashion merchandising are discussed.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2015

Purpose - Since the early 1990s, it has been observed that the number and substance of studies on female leadership have been increasing. One of the reasons for this development may be concerned with the increasing number of female labor market participants as well as the greater opportunities for them to take higher positions in various organizations. In addition to this, the transition from mechanistic organizational structures that emphasize authority, control, and efficiency toward organic ones that focus on environmental adaptability, equality, and trust has also encouraged research on female leadership. The research tendency is based on the assumption that male and female leaders tend to exhibit different leadership styles according to their gender differences. Recent research has cast doubt on this assumption, by showing that the sociological gender roles of men and women are independent such that some female leaders show authoritative and control-oriented leadership, which were once considered to be male leadership styles. Research design, data, and methodology - This research attempts to carry out an empirical study on the gender-related leadership styles of female leaders and to examine their effect on group performance in the K business organization. This study also focuses on leader attributes such as trust, and it aims to discover whether these attributes should be regarded as independent or as moderating variables between leadership styles and performance. For these purposes, this study generated four hypotheses based on a review of the literature and it tested them using a survey. Female workers in the sales departments of the K Company, all of whom are women, were asked to provide answers to the presented questionnaires. This study hypothesizes that the type of gender roles played by women leaders will affect the job satisfaction and organizational commitment among the members of the sales group, and that the level of trust that is garnered by women leaders will also affect the types of gender roles that they play as well as employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Results - The results of this study show that both androgynous and masculine leadership styles are superior to the feminine leadership style in terms of employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment. However, contrary to our expectations, this study fails to show the superiority of the androgynous leadership style over the masculine leadership style. Moreover, there are no significant differences between these two leadership styles with regard to group performance. Conclusions - This study shows that it is important that different attributes of leaders, such as how trusted they are, be treated as moderating variables between leadership and performance rather than as independent variables. Finally, as this is the first attempt to view the role of the gender in a new perspective, the managerial implications of this study for leadership research, as well as its limitations, are presented. Suggestions for future related research are also proposed.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.433-445
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• 2017

This study uses a macro-viewpoint to investigate how female world leaders' clothing behaviors are different by nation and culture. This study conducted a comparative study on clothing behavior by cultural block in order to understand similarities and differences based on Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory. The findings are as follows. First, the clothing styles of female world leaders are categorized into classical suit style, national traditional style, and eclectic style. Second, classic suit style is more often found in countries characterized by high individualism, low power distance index, and low avoidance index. The style represents individual activity and rationality as well as trust towards women acting in men's roles. Third, a national traditional style is found in countries featuring high collectivism, high power distance index, and high uncertainty avoidance index. These countries share a culture that emphasizes harmony with the whole, rather than any one given part; consequently, clothing style represents a national identity (or the roles as a national member) rather than that of the individual level. Fourth, an eclectic clothing style is expressed in a mixture of classical suits and a national traditional style that depends on how much Eastern and Western cultures are reasonably compromised or Eastern tradition and Western culture coexist.