• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2020

This study aimed to figure out and compare the increment of biomass by thinning intensity focused on the plantation of the two major coniferous species (Larix kaempferi and Pinus koraiensis) of South Korea. The inventory interval was three years under the effects of three types of thinning treatments; control (no thinning), light (20% thinning) and heavy (40% thinning). The results showed standing biomass increment of both species decreased as thinning intensity increased (heavylight>control). Meanwhile, the lowest of on-site biomass changes occurred in the control plot, and the greatest was in the heavy thinning plot because thinning was involved with leaving the felling residual biomass (leaves, branches and roots) on the site. According to the results from this short-term study, unthinned stands is preferable for maximizing standing biomass as well as carbon sequestration. However long-term investigation should be considered in order to see more clear results.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 2020

Satchari National Park is one of the most biodiverse forest in Bangladesh and home of many endangered flora and fauna. 206 tons of CO₂ per hectare is sequestrated in this national park every year which helps to mitigate climate issues. As people living near the area are dependent on this forest, degradation has become a regular phenomenon destroying the forest biodiversity by altering its forest cover. So, it is important to map land cover quickly and accurately for the sustainable management of Satchari National Park. The main objective of this study was to obtain information on land cover change using remote sensing data. Combination of unsupervised NDVI classification and supervised classification using maximum likelihood is followed in this study to find out land cover map. The analysis showed that the land cover is gradually converting from one land use type to another. Dense forest becoming degraded forest or bare land. Although it was slowed down by the establishment of 'National Park' on the study site, forecasting shows that it is not enough to mitigate forest degradation. Legal steps and proper management strategies should be taken to mitigate causes of degradation such as illegal felling.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.165-175
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• 2011

In this study, document research on Jogakbo and Tosi were carried out and textile designs were developed by applying Jogakbo and Tosi together for motives. The purposes of this study were to develop a unique textile design, and then to enhance the competitiveness of Korean textile industry in the world market and pass down a Korean traditional fiber art cultural legacy. The results are as follows; First, the title of textile design was decided to "innocence of childhood" and the concepts are "sim ple heart ed, pure heart, sweet", in order to develop textile design for the young generation Second, Motives were chosen Jogakbo and Tosi to reflect Korean traditionality and identity and textile designs were expressed on ground fashion trends for modernity. Third, developed textile designs were printed with digital printing method for eco-friendly and productivity, and various articles clothing, nectie, shoes, bag, bedings were producted with developed fabrics for multipurpose. Forth, the developed textile designs were evaluated highly in point of Korean traditionality and identity, felling of simplehearted, pure hear and sweet, modernity and fashion trend, and preference by a sensory test of developed test design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.22-29
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• 2010

Recent days, transition to ecological thought is being accelerating by environmental impact with a sustainable development. This symptom is no exception in architecture area. So is vernacular design affecting on modern architecture in many ways in terms of economical aspect and eco-friendly environment as well. Natural energy like solar power, environment, and terrestrial heat that applied in vernacular architecture is also widely accepted in name of 'sustainable energy' of which a design applied with ventilation and airing of natural wind is very useful & pragmatic in terms of economical reason. Accordingly, this study examined a relation between vernacular architecture and natural wind and compared it with traditional type and its feature of ventilation & airing. Ventilation & airing applied in the past can be divided into three categories: methods by convection, natural element, and architectural type. All these methods gave some pleasant felling indoors when there were no artificial energies. Even in modern age, such a ventilation & airing is being used with traditional type in different variety of materials, and it will be developed with modern technology without any extra cost in terms of sustainable expansion, and opened for further researches.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.191-198
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• 2003

Dissociative amnesia is a psychiatric disorder charicterized by a sudden loss of memory, but which has no organic disease or explanation, It usually occurs after severe psychosocial stress or traumatic experience. As for medical treatment, medicine, psychotherapy and hypnosis are used. This case describes a 35-years-old woman who developed amnesia and depression following severe troublesome events. So she suited without expression and appealed against headache, dizziness, chest discomfort and weakness. Psychoanalytic psychotherapy was enforced for three days with hypnosis. She expressed the felling over the incident which she dose not like, and canceled in the past. She became reconciled with the family and left the husband by the heart. Then she recovered memory completely and body condition also improved. Recovery and growth of self were helped using supportive expression in order to prevent a recurrence. The prognosis is good with complete recovery, and there was no relapse.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.5
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• pp.540-546
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• 2008

Enrichment planting has been used as one of the promising restoration techniques to accelerate the natural restoration process of secondary forests or logged-over forests in Myanmar, The objectives of this study were to examine the growth performances of two commercial species such as Teak (Tectona grandis Linn f.) and Padauk (Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz) in response to different canopy opening treatments and to examine the suitability of these species in enrichment planting activities for the restoration of degraded tropical forests in Myanmar. In this study, split plot design was applied, and three levels of canopy openings were experimented. The survival rate and height growth of two species were measured four times with 6 month interval. The root collar diameter (RCD) was also measured in the last assessment. Although the survival rate of seedlings was not significantly different among the three treatments (p>0.05) as well as between two species (p>0.05) for all consecutive measurements, height (p<0.05) and RCD were significantly different (p<0.001) among the treatments, T. grandis seedlings thrived best under complete canopy opening (i.e., 5 m width canopy opening with strip-clear cutting) while P. macrocarpus seedlings under partial canopy opening (without felling of marketable tree species). Because this study is concerned with only for young stage of seedlings, continuous assessment and follow-up tending activities are needed to verify the species suitability and optimum width of canopy opening for enrichment planting activities in restoration of degraded forests of Myanmar.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.257-270
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• 2005

Many studies states that improperly uprising of infrastructure may cause leading the forest degradation and canopy reduction in many tropical forest of Asian countries. Other studies revealed that habitat destruction and fragmentation, edge effects, exotic species invasions, pollution are provoked by roads. Similarly, environmental effects of road construction in forests are problematic. Similarly, many researches have been indicated that roads have a far greater impact on forests than simply allowing greater access for human use. Moreover, people using river as means of transportation hence illegal logging and felling cause canopy depletion in many countries. Therefore, it is important to comprehend the study about spatial relation of road, river and suburb followed by temporal change of forest canopy phenomena. This study also tried to examine the effect of road, river and suburb in forest canopy density change of Terai forest of Nepal from you 1988 to 2001. So, Landsat TM88, 92 and 001 and FCD (Forest Canopy Density) mapper were used to perform the spatial .elation of canopy density change. ILWIS (Integrated Land and Water Information System) which is GIS software and compatible with remote sensing data was used to execute analysis and visualize the results. Study found that influence of distance to suburb and river had statistically significance influenced in canopy change. Though road also influenced canopy density much but didn't show a statistical relation. It can be concluded from this research that understanding of spatial relation of factors respect with canopy change is quite complex phenomena unless detail analysis of surrounding environment. Hence, it is better to carry out comprehensive analysis with other additional factors such as biophysical, anthropogenic, social, and institutional factors for proper approach of their effect on canopy change.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.5-11
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• 2008

This study examined the characteristics of Pinus thunbergii community that forms a windbreak forest around the coast of Gwanmaedo located in Jodo-myeon, Jindo-gun, Jeollanamdo which is located in the south-western areas of Korea from December 2005 to April 2007 and to suggeste the ecological management methods of coastal windbreak areas. P. thunbergii community, a coastal windbreak forest of Gwanmaedo, was classified into disturbance, growth, mixture, stability, and back mountain vegetation according to major companions species and vegetation types. P. thunbergii community of disturbance and growth vegetation needs active management through tree thinning, mowing, weeding out, use of rest space, and felling sick pine trees. P. thunbergii community of mixture, stability, and back mountain vegetation needs active preservation of a coastal windbreak to restore natural vegetation by making a windbreak walk and a forest buffer zone and inducing vegetation succession. Accordingly, in this study, ecological management methods were suggested according to the actual state of distribution by habitat characteristics of coastal windbreak areas such as management of beaches and surrounding area of idle lands, restoration of back wetlands, inhibition of foreign plants, maintenance of diversity of species and habitats, and prevention of aging and spread of damage from insects.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.168-179
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• 1982

The first step to utilize the growing resources of Italian poplar (Populus euramericana I-476) for pulp-Woods, its characteristics and adaptabilities to the pulp industry must be investigated completely. The plantation methods are important for its fast growing in stock, and no less important is the cutting age for its utilization as pulpwood. In this paper, the stone groundwood pulping, refiner groundwood pulping and chemi-groundwood pulping characteristics by the age of tree, along with their physical and chemical characterstics were tested, and relationships between the age groups were analyzed to find out the optimum felling age. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The coefficient of pliability was a little higher in the case of younger trees. 2. The water retention value of each pulp was directly proportional to its physical strength, but this tendency was not detected between the age groups of sample woods. 3. Generally, the physical strength of younger wood pulp was lower regardless of the pulping process. But in the case of pretreatment with NaOH, Asphund and CGP pulp from 5 year old sample wood were stronger in physical strengths than those of GP and Asplund pulp with no pretreatment from 10 years old sample wood. 4. The tear factor of Asplund pulp with alkali pretreatment was higher than that of CGP pulp but the breaking length and the burst factor was similar in all processes. Considering the pulp yield and its brightness, CGP process seems to be advantageous. 5. The dissimilarity of physical strength between 7 and 10 years old wood pulp was not very large in all pulping processes but the physical strength of 5 year old wood pulp was very weak. In the of groundwood pulping from Italian poplar woods, 5 year old wood pulp should be mixed with other long fiber pulp for making a good paper.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.132-157
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• 1983

This study was performed to investigated the flora and vegetation of Kokum-do island from July 1982 thru December 1983; and the findings hereof are summarized as follows: The flora investigated thereform comprises 737 species whih are classified into 128 families, 466 genera, 651 species, 79 varieties and 7 formae; and those which are worthy of close attention among the same include such endemic species of Korea as Celtis choseniana, Corylopsis coreana, Carpinus tschonoskii var. eximia and Tricyrtis dilatata, and a few plants, to be distributed in the north, such as Lilium distichum, Girardinia cuspidata and Orostachys sikokianus. Now that the said island belongs to the warm temperate zone, the distribution thereof consists of 120 species of evergreen plants including 74 species of evergreen broadleaf trees. The rich distribution of evergreen broadleaf trees in the island is thanks to the plantation thereof by the public organizations for scenic beauty. The destruction of flora in this island was caused by felling, fire nization and other human activities around 1940, and in particular, has been correlated with the population densiity of Yonhong-do, Sanghwa-do, and Hahwado islets; and that of top soil and ground vegetation in he quarry area of Ojon-ri town resulted from the collection of natural rocks an stones. It is evaluated as necessary that such evergreen broadleaf trees as Castanopsis cuspidata var. thunbergii, Machillus thunbergii and Ligustrum japonicum of Hyongje-do. Chun-do, Tok-do, Taech'wi-do, and Soch'wi-do islets, andPhyllostachys bambusoides, Caesalpinia japonica and Albizzia julibirssin of Kokum-do island, and Machillus thunbergii of Hongryon-ri town be under protection. The average DGN of the whole archipelago proves to be 5.84, which shows the tendency of the inverse proportion to the number of resident population per unit area. The pteridophyta distributed in this island comprises 39 species, and the coefficient of cryptogam as to the destruction of vegetation shows a high value of 1.4 which is regarded as indicating the diversified distribution of pteridophyta, forestbed shade plants under the forestbeds of some wellpreserved lots of this island. The naturalized plants, distributed in this island, were found out comprising a total of 23 species, and the Urbanization Index(UI) as to the destruction degree of natural vegetatioin shows a low value of 20.9.