• Title/Summary/Keyword: feeding control

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A Study on Kinematic Analysis of Feeding Control Mechanism of a Lock Stitch Sewing Machine (본봉용 재봉기의 이송조절기구의 기구 해석에 관한 연구)

  • 신대영;전경진;송창섭
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.15 no.12
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    • pp.48-54
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    • 1998
  • In sewing, fabrics is fed by an elliptic motion of the feed dog. The feeding control mechanism controls an elliptic motion of the feed dog, finally, controls stitch spacings and feeding directions of fabrics. This study discusses the feeding control mechanism of an industrial lock stitch sewing machine, which is a good example to study a machine kinematics. This study makes mathematical expressions of machine's motion in the feeding control mechanism. Thus, the motions of this mechanism are characterized, which will be used for kinematic analysis of the feed dog later. Also, the above mathematical expressions may be a basis for the new design of the feeding control mechanism and may be applied to development of the similar feeding control mechanism of other type sewing machine.

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A Power Losses Analysis of AC Railway Power Feeding Network using Adaptive Voltage Control (능동형 전압제어를 통한 교류 전기철도 급전망에 대한 전력손실 분석)

  • Jung, Hosung;Kim, Hyungchul;Shin, Seongkuen;Kim, Jinho;Yoon, Kiyong;Cho, Yonghyeun
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.62 no.11
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    • pp.1621-1627
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    • 2013
  • This paper compares power losses between voltage controlled before and after using power conversion device in AC feeding system. For this purpose we present voltage control procedures and criteria and model high speed line and train using PSCAD/EMTDC to compare power losses in various feeding condition. Power losses of the simulation result in power control before and after in single point feeding system was reduced maximum 0.37 MW(23.8 %) and average 0.23 MW(20.5 %) when one vehicle load operates maximum load condition. When three vehicles operate maximum load condition in one feeder section, power losses after voltage control was reduced 1.03 MW(49.5%) compared to before voltage control. And, power loss of parallel feeding system is reduced the average 0.08 MW(7.2 %) compared to the single feeding system. In conclusion, adaptive voltage control method using power conversion device can reduce power losses compared with existing method.

The Effect of Breast-feeding Education on Method, Attitude, and Duration of Breast-feeding by Primipara (모유수유 교육이 초산모의 모유수유 방법, 태도 및 지속정도에 미치는 효과)

  • Ahn, Sin-Young;Koh, Hyo-Jung
    • Women's Health Nursing
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.21-35
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of breast-feeding education on skills, attitude, and duration of breast-feeding among primipara mothers. The educational session was offered during the period of June through September at the T medical center in T city. One hundred thirteen primiparas were selected for this study, 61 who received breast-feeding education(lecture, demonstration, and additional telephone counselling) served as the experimental group and 52 who did not as the control. Data collection was done by self-reporting method. the reliability of the instrument was from .77 to .87. Duration of breast-feeding was classified into I through V according to the WHO classification at the time point of 4 weeks of postpartum. The results were as follows : 1. The score for the experimental group on the skills of breast-feeding techniques was significantly higher than those of the control(t=9.12, p=.000). 2. The score for the experimental group in the attitude toward breast-feeding was significantly higher than those of the control(t=6.12, p=.000). 3. Duration of breast-feeding for the experimental group was significantly longer than that of the control at the time of 4 weeks of postpartum($x^2$=20.79, p=.001). In conclusion, the breast-feeding practice can be promoted effectively through the breast-feeding education.

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Effects of Wet Feeding of Diets with or without Food Waste on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Finishing Pigs

  • Moon, J.S.;Kwon, I.K.;Chae, B.J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.504-510
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    • 2004
  • Two experiments were conducted. In expt. 1, a total of fifty-four pigs (L$\times$Y$\times$D, 56.14$\pm$1.7 kg) were used for a feeding trial to determine the effect of wet feeding of a commercial-type diet without food waste (FW). Treatments were dry (Control), wet (WF) and wet+dry feeding (WDF). For wet feeding, the diet was mixed with water at a ratio of 1:2.5 (feed:water). A wet feed was given during the whole experimental period for the WF group, but the dry feed was given during the finisher period for the WDF group. In expt. 2, a total of fifty-four pigs(L$\times$Y$\times$D, 55.7$\pm$1.8 kg) were used for a feeding trial to determine the effect of wet feeding of FW. Treatments were a commercial-type dry (Control), wet fermented food waste (WFFW) and WFFW+dry feeding (WFFW+DF). For wet feeding of fermented food waste, however, some ingredients (concentrate) were added to make nutrient contents comparable to the control diet. The FW collected was ground ($\leq$5 mm), heated with a steam jacket (140$\pm$3$^{\circ}C$) and fermented with probiotics for one day in a steel container at 30-40$^{\circ}C$. For the WFFW group, the wet feed was given during the whole experimental period, but a dry feed was given during finisher period for the WFFW+DF group. In expt. 1, during the grower period, pigs fed wet feed showed higher average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those fed only dry feed (p<0.05). During the finisher period, pigs in the WDF group showed better ADG and FCR than the control group. During the entire experimental period, pigs in the WDF group grew faster (p<0.05) than those in the control group, and the same trend was found in FCR. Also, dressing percentage, backfat thickness, lean %, and pork color were not affected by the wet feeding of diets in this study. In expt. 2, during the grower period, pigs fed diets containing FW showed lower (p<0.05) ADG than those fed the control diet. But FCR was better (p<0.05) in pigs fed FW than in the control group. During the finisher period, pigs in the WFFW+DF group grew faster (p<0.05) than those in the control and WFFW groups. During the entire experimental period, pigs fed the control diet showed better ADG (p<0.05) than those fed FW, but feed intake and FCR were vice versa. Dressing percentage was lower (p<0.05) in the WFFW than in the control group, but backfat was thinner in the WFFW group than in the control group. In summary, it can be concluded that wet feeding of formula feed can improve daily gain, however, feeding fermented wet food waste may reduce daily gain of finishing pigs, even though it was fermented and the nutrient was fortified with concentrates. In addition, dry feeding of a formula feed during the finishing period can improve daily gain in pigs fed a wet feed with or without food waste during the grower period.

Effect of Feeding Time Shift on the Reproductive System in Male Rats

  • Kwak, Byung-Kook;Lee, Sung-Ho
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.53-58
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    • 2012
  • Circadian rhythmicity (e.g. secretory pattern of hormones) plays an important role in the control of reproductive function. We hypothesized that the alteration of feeding pattern via meal time shift/restriction might disrupt circadian rhythms in energy balance, and induce changes in reproductive activities. To test this hypothesis, we employed simple animal model that not allowing $ad$ $libitum$ feeding but daytime only feeding. The animals of $ad$ $libitum$ feeding group (Control) have free access to food for 4 weeks. The day feeding (=reverse feeding, RF) animals (RF group) have restricted access to food during daytime (0900-1800) for 4 weeks. After completing the feeding schedules, body weights, testis and epididymis weights of animals from both group were not significantly different. However, the weights of seminal vesicle (control : RF group = $0.233{\pm}0.014g$ : $0.188{\pm}0.009g$, $p$<0.01) and prostate (control : RF group = $0.358{\pm}0.015g$ : $0.259{\pm}0.015g$, $p$<0.001) were significantly lower in RF group animals. The mRNA levels of pituitary common alpha subunit ($C{\alpha}$; control : RF group = $1.0{\pm}0.0699$ AU : $0.1923{\pm}0.0270$ AU, $p$<0.001) and $FSH{\beta}$ (control : RF group = $1.0{\pm}0.1489$ AU : $0.5237{\pm}0.1088$ AU, $p$<0.05) were significantly decreased in RF group. The mRNA levels of ACTH were not significantly different. We were unable to find any prominent difference in the microstructures of epididymis, and there were slight alterations in those of seminal vesicles after 4 weeks of reversed feeding when compared to control samples. The present study demonstrates that the shift and/or restriction of feeding time could alter the pituitary gonadotropin expression and the weights of seminal vesicle and prostate in rats. These data suggest the lowered gonadotropin inputs may decrease androgen secretion form testis, and consequently results in poor response of androgen-dependent tissues such as seminal vesicle and prostate.

The Effects of Antenatal Breast Care on Breast Feeding practice (임신중 유방간호가 산모의 모유수유 실천에 미치는 영향)

  • 박옥희
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.29-41
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    • 1992
  • The purpose of this research was to study the effects of antenatal breast care on decreases in breast discomfort and increases in the breast feeding rate during the postpartum period. A nonequivalent control group posttest research design was used. The experimental group consisted of fifty -one pregnant women(primigravida) who were receiving antenatal care in the OBGYN clinics of four hospitals between March 5 and May 30, 1991. The control group was made up of seventy - five postpartum women who delivered at two hospitals OBGYN clinic and one midwife clinic between May 4 and June 15, and between September 5 and October 15, 1991. Data were collected via telephone interviews on the seventh postpartum day and at the end of the second month. Data analysis methods used frequencies and the x$^2$- test. The results were as follows : 1. The rate of breast feeding practice at two months was higher in the experimental group(70.6%) than in the control group(25.3%) (p<.01). 2. Nipple soreness in the early breast feeding period was lower in the experimental group(14.6%) than in the control group(25.3)(p<.01). 3. Severe breast discomfort in the early breast feeding period was lower in the experimental group (12.5%) than in the control group(39.2%)(P<.01). 4. There was a significant relationship between the breast feeding practice and the planned feeding method(p<.05), and between breast feeding practice and nipple soreness(p<.01) in the experimental group, and the presence of a job(p<.01), the sex of the infant(p<.05), and the first feeding time(p<.05) in the control group. 5. The reasons for unsuccessful breast feeding were a deficiency of breast milk (66.7% in the experimental group, 30.4% in the control group), poor sucking on the part of the baby(13.3% in the experimental group, 21.4% in the control group).

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Effects of Defatted Seasme Flour on Oxidative Stress Induced by Ethanol-feeding in Rats (식이 참깨탈지박이 에탄올을 공급한 쥐에 유도된 산화 스트레스 억제효과)

  • 강명화;민관식;류수노;방진기;이봉호
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.907-911
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    • 1999
  • To evaluate the effect of defatted sesame flour(DSF) on the oxidative stress of ethanol feeding in rats, Wistar male rats were divided into 4 groups of control, ethanol, DSF and DSF ethanol. Each group was sacrificed after feeding for 4 weeks and was examined by measuring the formation of 2 thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS), total cholesterol(TC) in serum, redox glutathione S transferase(GST) enzyme activity and the contents of glutathione(GSH) in the liver. The formation of TBARS in the liver after ethanol feeding was significantly increased comparing to the control, but the levels were significantly decreased by the DSF as compared to the ethanol feeding group(p<0.05). When compared to fed control diet, we found that serum TC levels were significantly lower in the DSF fed group than control group (p<0.05). The activity of hepatic GST was significantly increased by DSF as compared to the control and was decreased by ethanol feeding. On the other hand, the hepatic contents of GSH were unaffected by DSF feeding. Our findings suggest that feeding DSF may inhibit ethanol induced oxidative stress may be due to the stimulation of antioxidative activity by sesaminol glucosides in DSF.

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Effects of an Oral Stimulation Program on the Transition from Tube to Bottle Feeding in Premature Infants (미숙아에게 적용한 구강 자극 프로그램이 젖병 수유로의 이행에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Hee-Young;Bang, Kyung-Sook
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.160-167
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of an oral stimulation program on premature infant's transition from tube feeding to bottle feeding, decrease in desaturation during feeding, and early discharge. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed in one neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of an university hospital. The control group data (n=69) were obtained from June 2008 to May 2009, and the experimental group data (n=67), from June 2009 to May 2010. The oral stimulation program (OSP) was provided daily before feeding for the experimental group until transition to bottle feeding was completed. Results: The OSP group began bottle feeding earlier and were on complete bottle feeding earlier than control group. Discharge delay due to feeding desaturation was lower than for the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that OSP for premature infants was helpful in transition from tube feeding to bottle feeding and early discharge and thus can contribute health and development in premature infants.

Effectiveness of Computer-tailored Intervention Program;Focused on the Program to Promote Breast-Feeding (컴퓨터-맞춤형 중재 프로그램의 효과;모유수유 증진을 위한 프로그램을 중심으로)

  • Kim, Jung-A
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.242-253
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of an computer-tailored intervention program to promote breast-feeding. Method: A quasi-experimental design was used assigning forty pregnant women to the experimental group (computer-tailored intervention condition) and the control group (no-intervention control condition). Thirty-three participants completed pretest and posttest questionnaires and 19 participants assigned to intervention condition received personal feedback tailored by computer program. Result: Participants in the experimental group showed higher mean score of 'perception of the importance of breast-feeding'. Significant differences in internal health locus of control was found between the participants in the experimental group and the control group. Participants in the experimental group exceeded controls on intention of breast-feeding. Participants in the control group more often felt that the length of program contents they received was somehow longer. Conclusions: The use of a computer-tailored intervention improved the perception of the importance of breast-feeding and the internal health locus of control. The intention of breast-feeding was increased through the personal feedback tailored by computer even though participants felt that the length of program contents of tailored feedback was not longer.

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Effect of Postpartum Breast-feeding Support by Nurse on the Breast-feeding Prevalence (간호사의 모유 수유 지지가 모유 수유 실천에 미치는 효과)

  • Jang, Gun-Ja;Kim, Sun-Hee;Jeong, Kyung-Soon
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.172-179
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the professional nurse's postpartum breast-feeding support on breast-feeding prevalence for mothers who delivered in Baby-Friendly Hospitals (BFH). Methods: This quasi experimental study was designed with a nonequivalent control group post test. The subjects of this study were 55 mothers who were hospitalized in the delivery room of a university hospital which was selected as a BFH in Daegu from October 1, 2005 to June 30, 2006. Twenty nine mothers were assigned to the experimental group and 26 mothers to the control group. Postpartum breast-feeding support by nurses' telephone calls to the experimental group was provided once a week for 4 weeks postpartum and then once a month for 16 weeks postpartum. Four post tests were given at postpartum week 8, 12, and 16. The control group was given a telephone call at postpartum week 4, 8, 12, and 16. Results: The breast-feeding prevalence of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group for each period. Conclusion: Postpartum breast-feeding support by nurses may be a useful intervention to increase breast-feeding prevalence.