• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.553-560
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze the dental fear of dental patients during treatment. Methods : Statistical package PASW 18.0 WIN(USA) was used to analyzed the frequency and percentage of the general characteristics. T-test and one-way ANOVA were used. Results : Females tended to have more fear than male. The first visit to dental clinic was the most important fear factor. Most of the subjects did not receive regular dental checkup because of fear since entering elementary schools. Conclusions : In order to reduce dental fear, comfortable environments may be necessary for treatment.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2011

Pavlovian fear conditioning has been extensively studied for the understanding of neurobiological basis of memory and emotion. Pavlovian fear conditioning is an associative memory which forms when conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired with unconditioned stimulus (US) once or repeatedly. This behavioral model is also important for the understanding of anxiety disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder. Here we describe the neural circuitry involved in fear conditioning and the molecular mechanisms underlying fear memory formation. During consolidation some memories fade out but other memories become stable and concrete. Emotion plays an important role in determining which memories will survive. Memory becomes unstable and editable again immediately after retrieval. It opens the possibility for us of modulating the established fear memory. It provides us with very efficient tools to improve the efficacy of cognitive-behavior therapy and other exposure-based therapy treating anxiety disorders.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.1184-1192
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among fear of falling, pain, anxiety and depression, and to identify influencing factors in elderly women patients with degenerative arthritis living in the community. Method: The subjects of this study were 297 elderly women patients with degenerative arthritis. Data was collected by personal interviews using questionnaires. Data was analyzed by the SPSS(version 12.0) computer program, and it included descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression. Results: There was a significant difference (p= .000) in fear of falling according to the level of pain, anxiety, and depression. There was a significant positive correlation among fear of falling, pain, anxiety and depression. Depression, pain, number of medication, age, and anxiety showed significant predictors (43.5%) for fear of falling. Conclusion: This study suggested that thoroughly assessing predictors making an impact on fear of falling in the initial nursing assessment is the most important for falls prevention of elderly women patients with degenerative arthritis in the community.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.607-620
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall research trends and factors influencing dental fears in the last 10 years (2007-2017) and provide recommendations for future research. Methods: The literature review focused on dental fear research in Korea. Inclusion criteria of selected studies were as follows: studies that examined fear in middle school students or older, studies undertaken between 2007-2017, and studies that examined trends and factors relating to dental fears. Results: Findings from this literature review showed that the most commonly used tool for measuring dental fear was the Dental Fear Survey (DFS). A lack of trust towards the dentist increased dental fear among patients. Women managed fear better than men. Past pain experiences increased dental fear. The most frequent intervention for reducing fear was sound (41.7%). Most of the intervention studies demonstrated a reduction of fear, with the exception of interventions using ear plugs. Fear was increased in studies involving ear plugs. Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, specific measures should be taken to alleviate past pain experiences, such as the fear of anesthetic injections and sensations of the dental drill. Continuous research is needed to reduce dental fear.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 일부 성인의 치과공포증과 우울 증상, 스트레스의 연관성을 파악하는 것이다. 치주치료를 받기 위해 치과에 내원한 환자 중 연구 참여에 동의하고 선정 기준에 적합한 68명을 대상으로 하였다. 치과공포, 우울 증상 설문조사와 혈압, 맥박, 그리고 정신적 스트레스를 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 타액코티졸을 측정하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 우울 증상은 '치료약속을 연기', '치료약속을 취소', '근육의 긴장이 증가', '치과에 들어서면 호흡이 빨라짐', '치과에서 진땀이 난 적이 있음', '구역질이 난 적이 있음', '다음 치료약속 시 두려움', '대기실에서 기다릴 때 두려움', '병원 냄새를 맡았을 때 두려움', '치과의사를 쳐다볼 때 두려움', '마취 주사바늘을 볼 때 두려움', '치아 삭제용 기구가 돌아가는 소리를 들을 때 두려움', '치아가 삭제되는 느낌을 받을 때 두려움', '치과에 대한 전체적인 두려움'에서 우울 정도가 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 스트레스 증상은 '치과에서 진땀이 난 적이 있음', '맥박이 빨라짐', '치과에 들어설 때 두려움', '치과에 대한 전체적인 두려움'에서 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 치과에 내원한 환자의 우울 증상과 스트레스를 조절할 수 있는 효과적인 방법에 대한 연구가 필요하며 치과공포 환자를 위한 이완요법 등의 방안 마련을 하는 지속적인 관리가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.337-345
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of the adult attachment in the relationship between the family of origin functioning and fear of intimacy. Data were collected through a questionnaire from 557 university students in the Jeollabuk-do of South Korea. The collected data were analyzed by basic descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations and multiple regression analysis. Baron and Kenny's method was used and examined, and the Sobel test was performed to determine the mediating model's significance. It was adapted to SPSS ver. 18.0 for Windows. The major findings were as follows: first, the functioning of family-of-origin was negatively related to the fear of intimacy. In addition, younger students and students with less past dating experience were more likely to fear of intimacy. Second, fear of intimacy was influenced by the family-of-origin through the intermediate effect of attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety. Attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety had partial mediating effects on the relationship between family-of-origin functioning and the fear of intimacy. That is, family-of-origin functioning was shown to have not only a direct effect, but also an indirect effect through attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety, on the fear of intimacy. The results of this study suggest that the importance of family-of-origin functioning in order to improve Korean college students' intimacy abilities.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.293-296
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• 2012

Memory reconsolidation is ubiquitous across species and various memory tasks. It is a dynamic process in which memory is modified and/or updated. In experimental conditions, memory reconsolidation is usually characterized by the fact that the consolidated memory is disrupted by a combination of memory reactivation and inhibition of protein synthesis. However, under some experimental conditions, the reactivated memory is not disrupted by inhibition of protein synthesis. This so called "boundary condition" of reconsolidation may be related to memory strength. In Pavlovian fear conditioning, the intensity of unconditional stimulus (US) determines the strength of the fear memory. In this study, we examined the effect of the intensity of US on the reconsolidation of contextual fear memory. Strong contextual fear memory, which is conditioned with strong US, is not disrupted by inhibition of protein synthesis after its reactivation; however, a weak fear memory is often disrupted. This suggests that a US of strong intensity can inhibit reconsolidation of contextual fear memory.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.156-165
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the factors influencing the fear of dementia in middle-aged and older adults. Methods: Data on the characteristics, dementia knowledge, dementia attitude, dementia health beliefs, and fear of dementia of 156 participants were collected from January 20 to March 22, 2018, using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program for descriptive statistics, using an independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Significant factors associated with fear of dementia among middle-aged and older adults were subjective life satisfaction (F=3.72, p=.006) and regular exercise (t=6.05, p=.015). Fear of dementia has positive correlations with dementia attitude, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived barrier. The determining factors affecting fear of dementia in middle-aged and older adults were perceived severity (β=.46, p<.001), followed by a perceived barrier (β=.20, p=.004) and perceived susceptibility (β=.17, p=.023), and the explanation power was about 47.8%. Conclusion: The results suggest that perceived severity, perceived barrier, and perceived susceptibility be considered in developing the nursing interventions to increase perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and to decrease perceived barrier to dementia by evaluating dementia health beliefs to manage the fear of dementia among middle-aged and older adults.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.987-993
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of the study is to offer basic data that help to reduce dental fear by measuring adult dental fear level with DFS scale. Methods : The subjects were 300 persons including college students in W University and their parents in Jeollabuk-do Province. Data were collected by convenience sampling from May 1 to May 30, 2013. Results : 1. Dental clinic visit provoked pain in 99 people(47.4%). Oral examination and preventive treatment evoked pain in 13 people(6.2%). 2. Women tended to feel much pain than men. Both women and men felt the thrilling fear when a needle pricks the flesh. 3. Respondents having dental caries, gum bleeding, halitosis, shaking tooth, and painful tooth had a higher dental fear level. 4. The direct pain experience(p<0.001) had the greatest influence. The next influencing factor was the insufficient anesthesia(p<0.05). 5. The explanatory power that the pain experience has influence upon dental fear is $R^2$=0.151. Conclusions : The direct pain experience and the insufficient anesthesia experience have the great influence upon patients' dental fear level. Anesthetics and analgesics can be considered as one of the positive methods for pain control.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2013

This study aims to investigates the female collegian's the fear of crime in university campus. In order to deal with it, the questionnaire survey on the analysis of the female collegian's the fear of crime are conducted in 3 university campuses in Seoul. The results of the 228 questionnaires survey are analyzed in descriptive statistics through SPSS program. This study compares female collegian's the fear with male collegian's one. The result of this are the followings ; 1) The female have the bigger concerns than the male about the crime expected to happen to herself. 2) At night the female are limited in activity than male because of the fear of crime. 3) During day the female have the bigger fear of crime than the male in the space such as stairways and hallways, toilet, and elevator. 4) At night the female have the bigger fear of crime than the male in not only stairways and hallways, toilet, elevator but also pedestrian, green space, recreational space. 5) This study proved the correlation between the collegian's satisfaction about university campus safety and the collegian's satisfaction about university campus environments etc.