• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.192-197
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• 1999

유색미인 흑진주벼 등 5종, 일반미인 동진벼, 향미인 향남벼을 대상으로 이들 품종의 현미 중에 함유된 지방질의 함량과 지방질의 조성을 비교 연구하였다. 1. 총지방질 함량은 건물기준으로 2.04 - 4.68%로 Tohoku 149호, 한산흑미, 상해향혈라 순으로 많았고 흑남벼, 향남벼와 동진벼에서는 비교적 적었으며 그들간에는 차이가 없었다. 2. 총지방질의 조성은 sterol ester & hydrocarbon, triglyceride, free fatty acid, diglyceride, free sterol 등 5종이 동정되었다. 그중 triglyceride의 비율이 가장 높았고 그 다음으로 diglyceride 와 free sterol의 비율이 높았다. 일반미와 유색미 및 향미간에 비교했을때 triglyceride의 비율은 향미와 유색미가 일반미보다 낮은 반면 diglyceride의 비율은 향미와 유색미에서 일반미인 동진벼에 비해 월등히 높았다. 3. 총지방질 중 지방산 조성은 모든 품종 다같이 linoleic acid, oleic acid 및 palmitic acid가 주된 지방산이었고 linolenic, stearic acid은 소량이 함유되어 있었으며, erucic acid는 일반미인 동진벼에는 함유되어 있지 않았다. 양적으로 많은 지방산을 품종별로 비교해 보면 oleic acid는 한산흑미가 41%로 가장 많았고, 그외 품종은 32-37% 범위이었다. 또한 linoleic adid 향남벼와 상해향혈라는 각각 37%그외 품종은 32 - 36%의 범위이었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.254-267
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• 1993

Fatty acid contents of 59 food items which are major fat sources in Korean diet were analyzed. The contents of EPA and DHA in fish were 0.02-2.66g and 0.02-3.01g per 100g edible portion, respectively. Items with high amount of EPA and DHA were canned Sardine, Mackerel, Mackrel pike, Atka-fish, Hair tail, Conger eel and Herring. But white fish such as Croaker, Gindaro, Flounder and frozen Alaskan pollack contained less than 0.1g of EPA and DHA per 100g edible portion. Other sources of n-3 fatty acid were perilla oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil and walnuts all of which contained relatively high amounts of linolenic acid.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.493-495
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• 1999

Eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6) acids of gull eggs were analyzed and the results are summarized as follows: 1. EPA and DHA were 2.25% and 4.35% in the total fatty acid of gull eggs. 2. Triglyceride fractions in the fatty acids had 0.56% in EPA and 1.59% DHA. 3. Diglyceride fractions contained 1.10% EPA and 1.97% DHA. 4. Phospholipid fractions had the most abundant amounts of 4.26% EPA and 8.13% DHA.

• Entomological Research
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.453-456
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• 2018

The lipids of Clanis bilineata larvae meat (CBLM) are susceptible to oxidation, and thus the commercial and consumption values of CBLM decrease during frozen storage. In the present study, peroxide values (PV), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), free fatty acid (FFA) content, fatty acid composition, and likeness (palatability) score of CBLM were determined to investigate the effect of glutathione on the oxidation of CBLM lipids. Glutathione decreased the PV, TBARS, and FFA content, maintained fatty acid composition, and increased the likeness (palatability) score of the CBLM, indicating that glutathione can be used as a cryoprotectant to extend the shelf life of CBLM.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 1994

The present study was carried out in normal and atherosclerotic New Zealand white(NZW) rabbits, to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Korean pinenut oil, on the total fatty acid composition of red blood cell membranes. Erythrocyte fatty acids of chain lengths ranging fro 12 : 0 to 22 : 6$\omega$3 were identified. In study I, palmitic acid(16 : 0) was found to be the main erythrocyte membranes fatty acid, followed in turn by stearic(18 : 0), oleic(18 : 1), and linoleic acids(18 : 2$\omega$6). There was a large increase in the proportion of 20 : 4$\omega$6 in 10% pinenut oil group on days 40 and 80(compared with control), although the increase was not statistically significant. Most erythrocyte fatty acids were less affected by the types or levels of oils supplemented for periods fo 40 and 80days. In study II,at the end of the dietary treatment, the levels of 12 : 0, 14 : 0, 15 : 0 and 18 : 0 were significantly decreased in the 5% soybean oil/cholesterol group, whereas those of 12 : 0, 14 : 0 and 18 : 0 were significantly decreased, but that of 18 : 2$\omega$6 was significantly increased in the 10% soybean oil/cholesterol group, compared to the cholesterol group. No significant differences in fatty acid composition were seen between the pinenut oil/cholesterol group, whereas the 10% soybean oil/cholesterol group had significantly elevated 18 : 2$\omega$6, compared to the cholesterol group. The proportion of 18 : 4$\omega$6 was significantly raised in the 5% soybean oil/cholesterol and 5% pinenut oil/cholesterol group, and the content of 16 : 1$\omega$7 was significantly lowered in the 5% and 10% soybean/cholesterol groups, compared to the cholesterol group at 10 weeks supplementation. In studies I,II and III, the total proportions of saturated fatty acids were not significantly affected by the types of levels of oils supplemented throughout the study period.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.148-153
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• 1993

최근 sucrose polyesters(SPE)와 더불어 유지대체 물질로서의 사용이 검토되고 있는 glucitol fatty acid polyesters(GPE)를 합성한 후, 화학적 구조 및 상대적 에스테르 분포에 따른 치환도를 조사하였다. 본 연구에서 합성한 GPE는 순상 HPLC에 의해 단일 에스테르 그룹으로 분리되었으며, 분리된 에스테르 그룹의 치환도는 6으로서 GPE 전체가 glucitol fatty acid hexaester임을 알 수 있었다. GPE의 IR 스펙트럼에서 $1747\;cm^{-1}$에 나타나는 흡수대는 GPE 분자내에 glucitol과 지방산을 연결하고 있는 에스테르 결합이 존재함을 보여주었다. GPE는 H-NMR 스펙트럼에서는 glucitol의 hydroxyl proton의 시그널이 존재하지 않음을 볼 때 glucitol의 모든 수산기가 지방산과의 에스테르 결합에 참여하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 GPE의 H-NHR 스펙트럼을 정량적으로 해석한 결과는 수산기가(hydroxyl value) 측정에 의해 결정된 GPE의 치환도와 일치하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 본 연구에서 합성한 GPE는 glucitol fatty acid hexaester임이 확인되었고 향후 유지대체물질로서 사용되어질 가능성을 지닌 것으로 생각되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate that the effect of dietary fatty acid composition on pro- and macro-glycogen utilization and resynthesis. The analyses were further extended for different muscle fibers (type I, type II, & type IIb) as well as tissues (i.e., liver & heart). Total one hundred sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and rats were randomly allocated into four experimental groups: animals fed standard chow diet (n=40), animals fed saturated fatty acid diet (n=40), animals fed monounsaturated fatty acid (n=40), and animals fed polyunsaturated fatty acid (n=40). Animals in each groups were further divided into five subgroups: sacrificed at REST (n=8), sacrificed at immediately after 3 hr swim exercise (P-0HR, n=8), sacrificed at one hour after 3 hr swim exercise (P-1HR, n=8), sacrificed at four hour after 3 hr swim exercise (P-4HR, n=8), and sacrificed at twenty-four hour after 3 hr swim exercise (P-24HR, n=8). Soleus (type I), red gastrocnemius (type IIa), white gastrocnemius (type IIb), liver, and heart were dissected out at appropriated time point from all animals, and were used for analyses of pro- & macro-glycogen concentrations. After 8 weeks of dietary interventions, there was no significant difference in body mass in any of dietary conditions (p>.05). After 3 hr swim exercise, blood lactate level was higher compared to resting conditions in all groups, but it was returned to resting value after 1 hr rest (p<.05). Free fatty acid concentration was higher in all high fat fed groups(regardless of fatty acid composition) than CHOW consumed group. At rest, pro- & macro-glycogen concentration was not different from any of experimental groups (p>.05). Regardless of forms of glycogen, the highest level was observed in liver (p<.01), and most cases of supercompensation after 3hr exercise observed in this study were occurred in CHOW fed tissues. Except heart muscle, all tissues used in this study showed that pro- and macro-glycogen concentration was significantly decreased after 3 hr exercise. Based on these results, two conclusions were made: first, there is no different level of glycogen content in various tissues regardless of types of fatty acids consumed and second, the highest mobilization rate would be demonstrated from CHOW fed animals compare to animals that consumed any kinds of fatty acid diet if prolonged exercise is applied.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.897-907
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of individual fatty acid intake and to compare total serum lipid levels and total serum fatty acid composition of elementary school children in Seoul by fish and meat intakes. The subjects were divided into High-Fish / Low-Meat(HFLM, n=49) and Low-Fish/High-Meat(LFHM, n=47) group. The total energy from fat of HFLM and LFHM group was 22.0 and 30.0% respectively. The average intake of cholesterol was 237-287mg in HFLM group and 358-387mg in LFHM group. The average P/M/S ratio for all subjects was 1.1-1.4/1.1 - 1.2/1.0, which was very similar to desired ratio. The $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio of dietary fatty acids of HFLM and LFHM group were 8.0-10.9 and 18.9-29.3 respectively, which in case of LFHM group, was fat beyond the suggested range, 4/1 - 10.1. Serum lipid levels of all subjects fell within the normal range and there was no significant difference in serum lipid levels between HFLM and LFHM groups, except for HDL-cholesterol in upper grades(4th-6th grades). In lower grades(1st-3rd grades), serum PUFA composition of HFLM (40.8%) group was significantly higher than that of LFHM (38.3%) group (p<0.05) and SFA composition of HFLM(33.8%) was significantly lower than that of LFHM group, (p<0.001) between them. The $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio of serum fatty acid tended to be higher in LFHM than in HFLM group but there was no significant difference between two groups. This study suggests that the dietary fat pattern of growing children could affect the change in total serum fatty acid composition though it did not influence serum lipid levels significantly. Energy and EPA intakes were negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol levels(p<0.05). Serum fatty acid compositions were more closely correlated with serum triglyceride(TG) levels than serum cholesterol levels. Especially, total SFA (p<0.001) and individual SFA, such as C14:0(p<0.001) and C16:0(p<0.001)compositions were positively correlated with serum TG levels, but stearic acid(p<0.01) was negatively correlated with it.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2002

Purpose of this study was to compare serum phospholipid fatty acid composition of obese children with that of normal weight children reside in Kangnung area. Subjects were consisted of 56(41 boys and 15 girls) moderately or severely obese elementary school children, and age and sex-matched normal weight children as a control group. Level of serum phospholipid fatty acids was measured by thin layer chromatography(TLC) followed by gas chromatography(GLC). for male subjects, serum triglyceride(121 $\pm$ 4.7mg/dl) and total cholesterol(180 $\pm$ 37.1mg/dl) concentrations were significantly(p < 0.05) higher in obese group than those for control group(81.5 $\pm$ 2.5mg/dl and 161 $\pm$ 32.0mg/dl, respectively). Obese group showed significantly higher percentage of serum phospholipid myristic acid(C14:0) than the value for control group in both male and female subjects. Obese male subjects had significantly higher percentages of palmitoleic acid(16 : 1), oleic acid(18 : 1), dihomo-${\gamma}$-linoleic acid(20 : 3, $\omega$6) and docosatetraenoic acid(22 : 4, $\omega$6), and lower percentages of eicosenoic acid(20 : 1, $\omega$6), docosapentaenoic acid(22 : 5, $\omega$6), EPA(22 : 5, $\omega$3) and DHA (22 : 6, $\omega$3) compared to values for control male subjects. For male subjects, obese group showed significantly higher ratios of 16 : 1($\omega$9)/16 : 0 and 18 : 1($\omega$9)/18 : 0, and significantly lower ratios of 22 : 5($\omega$6)/22 4($\omega$6), and 22 : 6($\omega$3)/22 : 5($\omega$3) compacted to values for the control group. But there was not significant differences in elongation and desaturation indices of serum phospholipids fatty acid metabolism between obese and control group in female subjects. Most of anthropometric measurements related to obesity were negatively correlated with the percentages of PUFA, $\omega$3 fatty acids or DHA(22 : 6, $\omega$3), and positively correlated with the percentage of myristic acid(14 : 0) or $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio in serum phospholipids. Serum triglyceride concentration was negatively correlated with the percentage of PUFA or $\omega$3 fatty acids, and positively correlated with $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio in serum phospholipids. These results indicate that obesity related changes in blood lipid levels and metabolism are more significant in male subjects than in female subjects. Also changes in serum phospholipid fatty acid composition observed in obese children appear to demonstrate the increased susceptibility of these children to cardiovascular disease and other related chronic diseases.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2019

본 연구는 사료 내 첨가된 봉독이 육계의 혈청 성분, 항산화능 및 간 내 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. Ross 308 1일령 육용종 수평아리를 공시하여, 5개의 처리에 7 반복으로 반복 당 25수씩, 총 875수를 완전임의배치하여 실험을 진행하였다. 기초사료는 옥수수 및 대두박 위주의 사료를 사용하였으며, 정제 봉독을 기초사료에 $10{\mu}/kg$, $50{\mu}/kg$, $100{\mu}/kg$, $500{\mu}/kg$ 수준으로 첨가하여 5주간 급여하였다. 실험 21일차에 펜당 1수의 육계를 $CO_2$가스로 안락사시킨 뒤 혈액 샘플을 채취하여 혈액지표와 항산화능을 측정하였다. 또한, 간 샘플을 채취하여 간 내 malonaldehyde 함량과 지방산 조성을 분석하였다. 사료 내 봉독 첨가는 triglyceride와 NEFA를 제외한 나머지 혈청 성분에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 봉독 첨가 수준이 증가할수록 간 내 지방산의 불포화 지방산(palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, 그리고 linoleic acid)은 감소하였으나(quadratic, P<0.05), 간 내 stearic acid 함량은 반대로 증가하였다. 마지막으로 간 내 MDA 함량은 봉독 첨가 수준이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 본 연구에서 육계 사료 내 봉독 첨가는 항산화능을 높이고, 지방산 대사에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다.