• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-36
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• 2006

This study examines the conception of the self using indigenous, cultural and psychological analysis. The self is viewed from four aspects: (1) conception of the self as an entity (the self in general, the self as an unique entity and the self when alone), (2) conception of self in the context of family (the self when with mother, father, children and spouse), (3) the self with the context of close and working relationships (the self when with friends, teachers, work superior and work subordinate), and (4) the self in context of the larger society (the self when with strangers and foreigners). A total of 1,465 respondents (623 elementary, middle, high and university students and their parents = 842) completed an open-ended questionnaire developed by the present authors. The results reveal two patterns of results. First, the conception of self in Korea is influence by one's role. Second, the conception of self in influenced by relationship and context and there is an emphasis on the flexibility and adjustment of the self to relationship and context. Implications of the conception of the self in context of relationships, roles, and contexts are discussed, along with the importance of indigenous, cultural and psychological analysis.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.523-535
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• 2005

This study is aimed at researching the applicability of teaching-learning models in highschool geography class by designing the models on the basis of geographical experience the learners go through everyday life. The procedures and results of the application of the models are as followed. First, the systematization of the teaching concepts should be preceded to internalize the learners cognitive development, that is, to systemize cognitive structure. The concrete learning points of geographical concepts from the units about Migration and Population Changes are systemized with 'migration' as a higher concept, 'moving type' as basic concept, 'moving factors' as the lower concept. Everyday geographical experiences the students can go through are surveyed. Second, as preparation for the geography class, hand-outs about family-moving history and the change of the family number were used as basic material for real class teaching activity, showing the learners' general concepts are very effective as basic units which can be easily understood and accessed to. Third, with the experimental class, the geography class should secure the flexibility on the teaching-learning process. The result of applying the newly developed teaching-learning model to actual geography classes was that experimental group had higher achievement rate than the compared group with general teaching-learning model applied to. The result of analyzing students' response of the new teaching-learning model was that the students were interested and satisfied emphatically and they showed positive response in regard to practical use of the contents. Here, it is noticeable that the new teaching-learning model causes the students to be interested. But it's also found that there's no big difference in improving the students' inquisitive mind.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.43
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• pp.61-85
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to examine how labour transition of female householders is proceeded, and to identify mechanisms that cause them to be excluded from labor market. For this, thirteen lone mothers who have had labor experience in the market, while raising children were interviewed. This qualitative case study was proceeded by way of participants' interviews and questionnaires. Finding shows, impoverished lone mothers were horizontally moving incessantly on second labor market. As poverty worsens by years, poor lone mothers tend to be more dependant on the government's support and to transit downward to work-poor labor market. The unprivileged women were excluded from multi-dimentions: market structure, social relations and gender norms. The sex-segmental and human capital-oriented market has excluded women who gave up their career for caring. Female breadwinners were frequently excluded from social relations and opportunities for labor due to their stigma. sometimes they were self-excluded from the market for they had to care for their children. In conclusion, suggestions are given to enhance qualities of lone mother's lives and help them exit from poverty. It is necessary to implement positive labor policy with labor flexibility and stability and to practice socialization of care as care support system is very important for maintaining their jobs. Above all, social awareness of gender role must be changed.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.192-205
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• 2012

Globalization has fuelled the desire for simplicity and flexibility in rules and processes within nations. de Soto (2000) calls for the simplification of rules to enable people to join the formal economy. Friedman (2005) echoes the need for simpler rules, to attract business and capital. Market-based approaches to governing have been adopted in many nations due to globalization. Recent developments demonstrate that such approaches fail. Globalization may lead to impoverishment in the absence of proper forms of governance (Cooney 2000). That is why it has the tendency to become a "race to the bottom." Regulatory measures can be costly, and the costs of doing business are uneven across nations. This unevenness is being used as a comparative advantage. Others call this regulatory competition (Smith-Bozek 2007) or competitive governance (Schachtel and Sahmel 2000), which is similar to the model of Charles Tiebout. Collaborative governance is an approach that governments could use in lieu of the competitive method. Mechanisms that enable stakeholders to exchange information, harmonize activities, share resources, and enhance capacities (Himmelman 2002) are needed. Philippine public policy encourages a shift in modes of realizing labor market governance outcomes from command to collaboration (Sale and Bool 2010B; Sale 2011). Is labor market governance and regional development in the Philippines collaborative? Or is the opposite - competitive governance (Tiebout model) - more evident? What is the dominant approach? This preliminary research tackles these questions by looking at recent data on average and minimum wages, wage differentials, trade union density, collective bargaining coverage, small and bigger enterprises, employment, unemployment and underemployment, inflation, poverty incidence, labor productivity, family income, among others, across regions of the country. The issue is studied in the context of legal origins. Cultural explanations are broached.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.995-1005
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to look into the views of marriage of gold miss' who participate in extreme sports. Two women, the participants of this study, have a specialized job and they take part in risky sports. Collecting data has been performed from December, 2012 to March, 2013 by conducting in-depth interviews and participatory observation. The interview was conducted for a couple of hours with flexibility. These were the conclusions of this study. The participation motivation in extreme sports was to cure their diseases such as arrhythmia or inflammation, and this activities caused a stress reduction, sense of competent, way to escape from melancholy daily life, happiness, and satisfaction. Also, unhappy family matter, economic independence, and sensation-seeking were found as the main factors that affect their views of marriage.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.75-93
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• 2001

The advantages of arbitration such as promptness, economy and flexibility apply to the disputes arising from corporate governance between shareholders and a corporation. The confidentiality of arbitration can be particularly highlighted in the disputes among the members inside corporation. But it appears that the shareholders believe litigation the best way to pursue liabilities of managers of corporation and improve the system of corporate governance. And it is claimed that the current litigation system lacks the implementation of shareholders rights due to structural deficiency and therefore need bring class actions into the system of Korean jurisprudence. The OECD, which afforded the rescue finances to Korea, also recommended shareholder class actions as a way to improve corporate governance. Class actions have merits but even advanced countries consider the changes of existing system or only stay class actions in the stage of discussion. Rather, legal experts urge arbitration to be used more frequently and the Courts also approved the dispute resolutions of the disputes as to corporate governance through arbitration. There is no report in Korea that arbitration was used to resolve the disputes between shareholders and the managers, or between shareholders and corporation, which is listed in the Stock Market. There only are the debates for bring class actions into the judicial system between NGOs and the organizations of corporate managers. But arbitration has greater advantages in resolving the disputes among the members of corporation that any other methods for dispute resolution. Arbitration can interpret flexibly the mandatory provisions of the Statutes of Security and the Code of Commerce to meet the needs of parties involved, which is not possible to the Courts. Arbitration can issue the award to meet the equity of the parties. And arbitration can avoid a resolution of All or Nothing by fully considering the specific situations of Korean corporations(such as family-dominated management) and can issue the award beneficial to all parties of shareholders, managers and corporation. Thus it should be sought to resolve the disputes as to corporate governance through arbitration.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.167-191
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• 1989

The present study was conducted to devlop and appropriate retirement home model for the elderly in terms of clothing and textiles; nutrition, health, and foodservice; housing and environment; and psychological adaptation. Specifically, the purposes of the study were: 1) to provide basic guidelines for clothing by comparing the clothing behavior of the elderly living in the retirement home and those living in their own homes with family, 2) to provide basic guidelines for balanced diet and effective foodservice, 3) to develop an ideal life space and facilities, and 4) to assess the psychological characteristics of the elderly. Questionnaires, observation, experimental method, and survey of literature were used for the study. Clothing behavior showed that the elderly were much concerned about clothing, and they preferred comfortable as well as fashionable designs. The elderly in the retirement homes complained of a lack of quantity and variety in clothing. They preferred natural fiber rather than blended fabrics. Flame resistance, thermal insulation, and flexibility of textile fabrics were found to be prime considerations in manufacturing and selecting clothing materials for the elderly. The health status of the surveyed elderly was generally good, but some poor eating habits were observed. Dietary nutrients intakes were generally sufficient, but several nutrients intakes were insufficient. The level of equipment in the kitchens of the institutions was low. Furthermore, the employment rate of dietitians in institutional settings was extremely low. This resulted in a lack of systematic foodservice management. Residents in the institution were generally satisfied with present life space and facilities but this was mainly because of abandonment, adaptation, and past experience. Optimal allocation of residents per bedroom and an adequate design for storage, bathroom, utility room, and dining room were recommended. The comparison of psychological status of the elderly living at home was more stable than those living in an institution. The emotional state of the elderly living in the institution was characterized by loneliness; they did not have close interpersonal relationships or future plans. An appropriate model for the elderly was developed on the basis of these findings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2008

Jongga means a head family by only first son's line of each generation. It is our culture's root and identity. It also includes ritual for continuing filial duty. Ritual takes the main role on jongga culture to pay respects to Jongga's ancestors and roots. Therefore, ritual costume's importance can not be neglected. We will check a Po mainly for Jongga ritual costumes' types and designs to refind Jonggas identity and its meaning. In this research, areas are divided to Gyoungsang by Youngnam sect and Jeonla by Kiho sect. Geochang, Andong in Gyoungsang province and Haenam, Namwon, Youngkwang in Jeonla province where currently first sons of Jongga reside have been researched. The method is based on Books and visits on the places. Ritual costumes' types and designs are different between Gyoungsang and Jeonla. Firstly, now in Jongga, only a Dopo and a Durumagi are worn while the manner book shows a Danryoung, a Jikryoung, a Dopo and a Simu. Also costumes are variable on areas. Secondly, a Po is characterized by its sleeve and back-line's inside skirt. In a Po, Gyoungsang has a Duri sleeve and Jeonla has a Duri sleeve which has been changed from a Dunggun sleeve. While Gyoungsang has rectangle-shaped two pieces cloths and a split in a bottom, Jeonla has both a Mu with a split back and a complete split back in back-line's inside skirt. It seems that Youngnam sect's fundamentalism and Kiho sect's flexibility about culture of old political groups would have influenced on these patterns.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.27
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• pp.183-212
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• 2004

Mobile phone media have extended the terrain of human communication. Starting from the notion of McLuhan, this study suggests that the extension of human communication is a concept of multiple dimension, such as 'extension of function' and 'extension of ego' Mobile phone speed the pare and efficiency of life, but also allow more flexibility at business and professional levels as well as family and personal life. On the other hand, mobile phone is also conceived as a personality kit, that is as a symbol of user's identity. So we ran classify the mobile phone users as a typology of motivation. Group I, entitled 'hyper-coordination', has high instrumental and high expressive motivation. Group II(='instrumental') is high instrumental but low expressive. Group III(='expressive') is low instrumental and high expressive, and Group IV(='minimal') is low in both instrumentality and expressiveness of mobile phone use. Then would the hyper-coordination group have different usage pattern with the other groups? A sample of 482 university students completed survey questionnaire. , which states hyper-coordination group would most frequently make calls and text, and have largest extensity and variety of usage, is supported statistically. states that hyper-coordination group would have larger and deeper social network than the other groups. This hypothesis is also supported with statistics.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2014

Objectives This study aimed to identify the differences and the profiles of cognitive deficits in remitted patients with schizophrenia and first-degree relatives of schizophrenic probands. Methods A total of 26 remitted states of schizophrenia patients were included in the study and the same number of unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenic probands and healthy controls were matched for age, sex, years of education. Cognitive function of all participants was measured by using the Digit span test, the Continuous performance test, the Rey auditory & visual learning test, the Complex figure test, the Verbal fluency test, the Wisconsin card sorting test and the Finger tapping test. The effects of subsyndromal symptomatology and general intelligence score were controlled. Results Schizophrenia patients' group showed more significant impairment than other groups in verbal memory (learning, immediate recall, delayed recall), visual memory (copy, immediate recall, delayed recall) and cognitive flexibility domains. The family group and the patient group commonly performed significantly worse than healthy controls in working memory and verbal fluency (category) tests. There were no differences in sustained attention, psychomotor performance. Conclusions Our research shows that the deficit in working memory and verbal fluency could be strong candidates of endophenotypic marker in schizophrenia.