• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.140-144
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• 2003

Ameloblastoma is cytologically a benign tumor, but is clinically characterized by infiltrative growth and high recurrency. The criteria for surgical treatment of ameloblastoma has not yet established and it is generally accepted that ameloblastoma be treated differently based on clinical types. The purpose of this paper is to consider effectiveness of enucleation in large-sized intraosseous ameloblastoma that has treated more frequently by radical treatment. 39 cases of the intraosseous ameloblastomas were treated by enucleation in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of Yonsei University, dental college from February 1990 to January 2001. 25 cases were selected because they were large in size that could produce facial disfigurement or pathologic fracture of jaws. They were radiographically characterized by the cortical bone that was expanded or eroded locally and histopathologically by 19 solid ameloblastomas and 6 intramural type of unicystic ameloblastomas. Among the 25 cases, 4 cases - 3 solid ameloblastomas and 1 intramural type of ameloblastoma - recurred. Recurrence rate was 16%. The compact bone which is not invaded by ameloblastoma was used as surgical margin of enucleation with accompanying chemical cauterization for killing the residual tumor cells. This may have been the reason for the low recurrence rate. So, it is considered that enucleation and long-term follow-up enable the large-sized intraosseous ameloblastomas that were characterized by almost destroyed cancellous bone and expanded or discontinued cortical bone to treat minimizing facial disfigurement and masticatory dysfunction and sociopsychological impact produced by radical treatment. I recommend that the large-sized intraosseous ameloblastomas without involvement to the surrounding soft tissues be first treated by enucleation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.193-196
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• 2013

Artecoll (Artes Medical Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) has recently been developed as a permanent synthetic cosmetic filler. We experienced an inflammatory granuloma resulting from a previous injection of Artecoll at the upper lip, which was regarded as a rare side effect of this filler. A 50-year-old female patient complained of swelling, dull pain, and heat in the right upper nasolabial fold area, which had started one week before her visit to Kyungpook National University Hospital. The patient received topical steroid therapy at a local clinic, which was not effective. At the injection site, a hard nodule was palpated and erythema was observed with mild tenderness. Antibiotic treatment and subsequent incision and drainage did not result in complete cure of the facial swelling, and the facial swelling and pain persisted. Computed tomography showed a lesion approximately 1-cm in size without clear boundaries and relatively increased nodular thickening. Finally, a subdermal lesion was removed via an intraoral vestibular approach. The lesion was diagnosed as inflammatory granuloma by a permanent biopsy. The patient had healed at two months after the filler injection. Although the soft tissue filler is widely used for cosmetic purposes, there is potential for complication, such as the inflammatory granuloma should be considered before treatment.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.403-411
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• 2008

The alignment of facial images is crucial for 2D face recognition. This is the same to facial meshes for 3D face recognition. Most of the 3D face recognition methods refer to 3D alignment but do not describe their approaches in details. In this paper, we focus on describing an automatic 3D alignment in viewpoint of quantitative analysis. This paper presents a framework of 3D face alignment and normalization based on feature points obtained by Active Shape Models (ASMs). The positions of eyes and mouth can give possibility of aligning the 3D face exactly in three-dimension space. The rotational transform on each axis is defined with respect to the reference position. In aligning process, the rotational transform converts an input 3D faces with large pose variations to the reference frontal view. The part of face is flopped from the aligned face using the sphere region centered at the nose tip of 3D face. The cropped face is shifted and brought into the frame with specified size for normalizing. Subsequently, the interpolation is carried to the face for sampling at equal interval and filling holes. The color interpolation is also carried at the same interval. The outputs are normalized 2D and 3D face which can be used for face recognition. Finally, we carry two sets of experiments to measure aligning errors and evaluate the performance of suggested process.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.788-791
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• 2009

Purpose: Reconstruction of full - thickness defects of the nasal ala has always been a challenge. Local flaps can be used easily, and good result can be achieved when it is indicated. But local flaps often result in facial scars and bulky ala that require secondary revisions. Composite auricular chondrocutaneous graft may matches nasal alae well in terms of contour, color and texture, however, the size of composite graft is limited. We performed free vascularized helical root flaps for reconstruction of nasal ala. Methods: Bilateral ala were excised and the defects were reconstructed with a chondrocutaneous free helical root flap. Each side of ala was reconstructed in 3 months interval. Superficial temporal vessels of vascularized helical root flap were anastomosed to facial vessels. Great saphenous vein was used for interpositional vascular graft. Results: Flaps were survived successfully. The contour, texture and color match were satisfactory. Functional problem of nasal obstruction caused by scar stenosis of nostrils was also resolved. Conclusion: The free vascularized helical root flap is a reliable method in reconstruction of nasal alar defects. The donor deformity was minimal.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.235-240
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• 1997

Parotid tumors constitute about 70 to 80% of all salivary tumors. Two thirds of parotid neoplasms are benign. Women are affected more often than men. Plemorphic adenoma or benign mixed tumor is the most common parotid neoplasm, accounting for 50% of all parotid tumors. The clinical presentation is a discrete, slowly enlarging mass, rarely accompanied by pain or facial paralysis. We reviewed 69 cases of the parotid tumors admitted and treated at Department of Surgery, Kosin University Hospital from Jan, 1970 to June, 1994. The results were as follows: 1) Over all sex ratio was 1 : 1.56(M : F). The sex ratio of benign and malignant tumor was 1 : 1.43(M : F) and 1 : 2.2. 2) The mean duration of symptom was 4.6 years. 3) In the peak incidence of age, Benign tumor was in 4th decade, malignant tumor was in 2nd decade. 4) The chief complaint was painless palpable mass in 65 cases(94%) and pain in 4 cases(6%). 5) The mean size of mass was 2.5cm in diameter and the ratio of lesion site was 37 : 32(Rt : Lt). 6) Superficial parotidectomy was the most common procedure(43%). 7) According to histopathologic findings of 69 cases, Benign tumor was 56 cases(81%) and malignant tumor was 13 cases (19%). In the benign cases, pleomorphic adenoma was the most common(44 cases(65%)). In the malignant, mucoepidermoid ca. was the most common(5 cases (37%)). 8) Postoperative complication occured in 9 cases(13%), facial palsy was in 7 cases, and wound hematoma was 2 cases.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.48-50
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• 2013

Angiomyoma is a rare, benign smooth muscle cell tumor. These tumors may be found anywhere in the body. They frequently occur in the lower extremities except venous type. Angiomyoma in the head and neck area is very rare, and only a few cases have been reported. A 63 year-old male patient visited to outpatient clinic due to size-growing nodule-like lesion in the Lt. alar area. Excisional biopsy was done for diagnosis. The lesion was totally excised with 2 mm safety margin. Frozen biopsy of the lesion was requested, and all resection margins were proved negative. To cover the raw surface, full thickness skin grafting was performed. The graft was harvested from Rt. posterior auricular area. Tie over dressing was applyed on Lt. alar area. The graft was well taken and healed without any complication in both short term and long term follow up periods of 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, and 6 months. Donor site completed healed without any complications. The leiomyoma is benign tumor originated from smooth muscle, and it can be classified into solid leiomyoma, angiomyoma, and epithelioid leiomyoma. Especially, the angiomyoma consists of smooth muscle cell and blood vessel, and it is originated from the tunica media of blood vessel. Angiomyoma alone frequently occurs in the lower extremities as solitary painless subcutaneous tumor. Venous type of angiomyoma in the oral cavity was reported in other references, but on the facial surface it may be the first case reported as paper. So this report can be very meaningful.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.155-167
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• 2007

There are four types of human beings according to the Sasang Typology, Oriental medical doctors frequently prescribe healthcare information and treatment depending on one's type, The feature ratios (Table 1) on the human face are the most important criterions to decide which type a patient is. In this paper, we proposed a system to extract these feature ratios from the people's side face, There are two challenges in acquiring the feature ratio: one that selecting representative features; the other, that detecting region of interest from human profile facial image effectively and calculating the feature ratio accurately. In our system, an adaptive color model is used to separate human side face from background, and the method based on geometrical model is designed for region of interest detection. Then we present the error analysis caused by image variation in terms of image size and head pose, To verify the efficiency of the system proposed in this paper, several experiments are conducted using about 173 korean's left side facial photographs. Experiment results shows that the accuracy of our system is increased 17,99% after we combine the front face features with the side face features, instead of using the front face features only.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.80-84
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• 2000

Tumors of the parotid gland are the most frequently encountered salivary gland tumors. Knowledge of the histology and anatomy of the salivary gland is important when considering the histiogenesis of salivary gland tumors, requiring close cooperation between the pathologist and the surgeon. Most tumors are benign epithelial formations. Pleomorphic adenomas predominate. Superficial lobectomy is adequate treatment. When the tumor involves a deep lobe, total parotidectomy is indicated. Treatment of malignant tumors depends on the histology, its TNM stage and other factors. Total parotidectomy with lymph adectomy and radiotherapy are needed in case of high grade malignancy. In children, vascular neoplasias are the most frequent, followed by malignant tumors. Their histological features and treatment are the same as for adults. We reviewed 64 cases of the parotid tumors at Department of surgery, Dong-A University Hospital from July. 1990 to Jan. 1999 for the purpose of apprehension of parotid gland tumor by the clinical study and review. Over all sex ratio was 1：1.13(M:F), mean age was 38.9 years, mean size was 3.53cm. According to histologic findings of 64 cases, pleomorphic adenoma was 55(85.9%), Warthin's tumor was 3(4.7%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma was 3(4.7%), squamous cell carcinoma was 2(3.1%), acinic cell carcinoma was 1(1,6%). Post op. facial nerve palsy 16(25%), Frey's syndrome 11(17.2%) cases were happened. Hence, the clinical manifestation of pain, tenderness, facial N. palsy suggest malignant tumors.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.385-389
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• 2019

Knowledge of abundance, or population size, is fundamental in wildlife conservation and management. Camera-trapping, in combination with capture-recapture methods, has been extensively applied to estimate abundance and density of individually identifiable animals due to the advantages of being non-invasive, effective to survey wide-ranging, elusive, or nocturnal species, operating in inhospitable environment, and taking low labor. We assessed the possibility of using coat patterns from images to identify an individual leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), a Class II endangered species in South Korea. We analyzed leopard cat images taken from Digital Single-Lense Relfex camera (high resolution, 18Mpxl) and camera traps (low resolution, 3.1Mpxl) using HotSpotter, an image matching algorithm. HotSpotter accurately top-ranked an image of the same individual leopard cat with the reference leopard cat image 100% by matching facial and ventral parts. This confirms that facial and ventral fur patterns of the Amur leopard cat are good matching points to be used reliably to identify an individual. We anticipate that the study results will be useful to researchers interested in studying behavior or population parameter estimates of Amur leopard cats based on capture-recapture models.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.141-148
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• 1985

It has been a long time since the cephalometrics was introduced to orthodontic field for diagnosis and treatment planning, but it's main concern was limited to hard, skeletodental tissue. It is well known that perioral and facial soft tissue determine the position of individual teeth and that the abnormality in size and shape of the soft tissue are able to cause malformed occlusion. Because of our lack of knowledge about resultant morphologic changes in the relationship between skeletal pattern and specific pattern of lingual and facial muscles, we can't help setting greater value on only abnormalities of teeth in the skeletal interrelationship. In a point of view that the orthodontist is dealing primarily with muscular structures around the dentition, the tongue, lips, and cheeks, therefore it may be desirable to estimate these structure and their potential influence on the dentition on developmental and time base. The author hit upon on idea of the aspect above, so studied on the intermaxillary space and tongue space and this study used the data from cephalometric films of 33 male and 40 female subject aged from 6 to 11 years of normal Korean children following results were obtained: 1. Means and standard deviation of Korean children were obtained. 2. Yearly increment of each variables were obtained. 3. There is the correlationship more than average among the variables except posterior intermaxillary height item. 4. There are differences between male children and female children in all variables except posterior intermaxillary space item. 5. All variables increased as the age increased except posterior intermaxillary height item of male children.