• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한음성학회 2003년도 10월 학술대회지
• /
• pp.163-167
• /
• 2003

The present thesis examines the correlation of VOT and F0 in the three-way distinction of Korean obstruents, conducting production and perception tests. In the production test, one female native speaker of Korean with a Seoul dialect (the author) recorded 15 repetitions of a monosyllabic word list including /ka, kha, k*a, pa, pha, p*a, ta, tha, t*a, ca, cha, c*a/ in random order, VOT and F0 of the following vowels were measured, and the result was significant for the three-way distinction with a strong correlation between VOT and F0, and also in the VOT-F0 plot, no overlapping among the domains was observed. As for the perception test, I manipulated the data recorded in the production test, heightening or lowering their F0 values. In all, 14 subjects (seven males and seven females) participated in the identification test. The result was as follows: the fortis stimuli were not influenced by F0 changes, and the VOT and F0 values at the lenis-aspirated boundary were negatively correlated. From these results I concluded the following: 1) VOT and F0 can distinguish the three domains of Korean obstruents without overlapping; 2) the fortis perception does not need F0 as its acoustic cue; and 3) VOT and F0 in the distinction between the lenis and aspirated are in the phonetic trading relation[2].

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.219-226
• /
• 1996

고수량. 고품질의 고추 신품종을 육성하기 위해 피만의 'California Wonder'와 일본재래종 4품종, 이들의 F$_{1}$ 잡종 12조합 그리고 한국의 F_{1} 3품종을 공시하고, 과실수량과 형태적 특성에 관하여 검토했다. 그 결과 'California Wonder'와 일본재래종간 교잡에 의해 얻어진 F$_{1}$ 잡종은 친품종보다 3일 먼저 개화했다. F$_{1}$ 잡종은 특히 'California Wonder'가 편친이었을 때 친품종보다 고수량 이었다. 또한 일과중도 증가하는 경향 이었다. F$_{1}$ 잡종중에서 'California Wonder' 와 'Fushimi Amanaga' 간 잡종이 가장 고수량 이었다. 자실수와 종자수는 'California Wonder'가 편친이었을 때 친품종보다 많았다. 초장은 친품종보다 F$_{1}$ 잡종이 큰 경향 이었다.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
• /
• 제9C권4호
• /
• pp.573-580
• /
• 2002

3GPP의 비동기식 IMT-2000 시스템의 보안 구조에는 표준 무결성 알고리즘 f9가 있다. f9는 비동기식(W-CDMA) IMT-2000의 무선 구간에서 데이터 무결성과 시그널링 데이터의 출처를 인증하기 위한 메시지 인증 코드(MAC)를 계산하는 알고리즘으로 블록 암호 KASUMI에 기반한 CBC-MAC의 변형이다. 이 논문은 f9의 증명 가능한 안전성을 제공한다. 기반이 되는 블록 암호가 유사 랜덤 순열이면 어떤 공격자에 대해서도 f9가 안전함을 증명한다.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.356-359
• /
• 2006

The transcription factor E2F1 coordinates cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis in response to DNA damage stress. Aside from DNA damage, the role of E2F1 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathways is unclear. We found that $E2F1^{-/-}$ murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) are resistant to apoptosis triggered by the ER stress inducer thapsigargin. In addition, E2F1 deficiency results in enhanced phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor $2{\alpha}$ ($elF2{\alpha}$). These results therefore indicate that E2F1 deficiency increases phosphorylation of $elF2{\alpha}$ in response to ER stress triggered by thapsigargin, and suggest that the reduction in ER stress-induced apoptosis in E2F1-deficient cells is related to the high level of $elF2{\alpha}$ phosphorylation.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.242-242
• /
• 2012

From the combined studies of STM and synchrotron photoemission, it has been found that a $CaF_2$ molecule is dissociated to Ca and F atoms on the $Si(114)-2{\times}1$ held at $500^{\circ}C$ at the initial adsorption stage. The Ca atoms form isolated and unique shapes of silicide molecules as shown in Fig. (a), while the F atoms are desorbed from the surface. On the other hand, beyond a $CaF_2$ coverage of 0.3 monolayer, as shown in Fig. (b), in addition to these silicide molecules, a 1-D facet [composed of (113) and (115) faces] adjacent to an etch pit has been observed, and F atoms are also detected from photoemission. These results imply that F atoms act as an etchant on Si(114) and CaF is adsorbed selectively on the (113) face of this facet. From the present studies, it has been concluded that, an insulating $CaF_2$ layer like that on Si(111) cannot be formed on Si(114), but a CaF-decorated nanofacet with a high aspect-ratio can be grown.

• 대한치과기공학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 1997

The interfacial bond strengh and microstructural analysis of pre-heat treated porcelain-fusedmetal(PFM) were investigated using a mechanical three-point bending tester and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Four kinds of heat treated samples were prepared as follows ; A: Heating $1200^{\circ}F{\to}1600^{\circ}F$, holding 1min, reheating ${\to}1850^{\circ}F$, hold 3min under vacuum, B: heating $1200^{\circ}F{\to}1600^{\circ}F$, holding 1min, reheating${\to}1850^{\circ}F$ under vacuum conditon, C: heating $1200^{\circ}F{\to}1600^{\circ}F$, holding 1min, reheating${\to}1850^{\circ}F$, holding 3min in the air, repeat same heat treatment process under vacuum condition, D: heating $1200^{\circ}F{\to}1600^{\circ}F$, holding 1min, reheating${\to}1850^{\circ}F$, holding 1min in the air. The three-point bening test result shows that the interfacial bond strength of specimen B and C were higher than that of A and D. The SEM study indicate that Specimen C shows the highest surface density.

• 전력전자학회논문지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.395-403
• /
• 2020

This study presents a stable start-up strategy for v/f scalar-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The v/f-controlled PMSMs easily lose synchronism under low-speed conditions if an insufficient stator voltage is applied to the machine due to errors in measured motor parameters and inverter nonlinearity, such as inverter dead time and on-state voltage drop. The proposed method adopts the I/f control method to ensure a stable start at low speeds and then switches to the v/f control method at medium speeds. A smooth transition method from I/f control to v/f control is proposed to minimize the oscillation of the stator current and rotor speed during transition. Moreover, the stability of the I/f and v/f control methods is analyzed using a small-signal model. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the proposed control strategy.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.273-278
• /
• 2016

December 2009 was one of the quietest (monthly Ap=2) months over the last eight decades. It provided an excellent opportunity to study the day-to-day variability of the F2 layer with the smallest contribution due to geomagnetic activity. With this aim, we analyze hourly values of the F2-layer critical frequency (foF2) recorded at 18 ionosonde stations during the magnetically quietest (Ap=0) days of the month. The foF2 variability is quantified as the relative standard deviation of foF2 about the mean of all the "zero-Ap" days of December 2009. This case study may contribute to a more clear vision of the F2-layer variability caused by sources not linked to geomagnetic activity. In accord with previous studies, we find that there is considerable "zero-Ap" variability of foF2 all over the world. At most locations, foF2 variability is presumably affected by the passage of the solar terminator. The patterns of foF2 variability are different at different stations. Possible causes of the observed diurnal foF2 variability may be related to "meteorological" disturbances transmitted from the lower atmosphere or/and effects of the intrinsic turbulence of the ionosphere-atmosphere system.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.60-69
• /
• 2016

This experimental study measures the emotional and physiological responses of customers as to cafe facade design. It is done through eye-tracking and EEG response experiments. Specifically, their visual concentration and EEG concentration are analyzed in line with their facade preferences. The findings are as follows. First, the correlation between their facade preferences and visual concentration on facades is as follows: Highly preferable facades have a lower visual concentration frequency than the less preferable facades. Second, an analysis of $12{\times}12$ lattice division of facades shows that all facades have a high visual concentration for signs. The exceptions are F(6), F(7), F(8), and F(10). There is no correlation between the facade preferences and visual concentration behaviors for particular facade elements. Third, an analysis of prefrontal lobe's facade concentration shows that there is no correlation between the preferences and EEG concentration. However, there are big differences in the prefrontal lobe activity of 12 subjects depending on the facade. In particular, nine of them (3, 9, 13, 14, 15, 28, 36, 38, 43) show an activated prefrontal lobe as to the highly preferable facades-F(1), F(2), F(3), and F(4). However, such activation is not detected on the less preferable facades-F(9), F(10), F(11), and F(12).

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.41-41
• /
• 2019

The genus Ficus L., containing approximately 850 species, is by far the largest genus in the Moraceae. They are mainly distributed worldwide, mainly in tropical countries. In South Korea, there are three native Ficus (including F. erecta Thunb, F. sarmentosa var. nipponica (Franch. & Sav.) Corner, and F. thunbergii Maxim.). Among them, F. erecta is effectively natural resources for the improvement of senile cognitive impairment. However, the chloroplast (cp) genome sequences and information of F. erecta have not been addressed. Therefore, in this study, we provide the complete cp genome of F. erecta and its allied species using next-generation sequencing technology. The chloroplast of Ficus species has typical structure which includes large and small single copy regions and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs). The sizes of cp genomes range from 160,276 bp to 160,603 bp. To determine the phylogenetic positions of these species, we conducted a maximum likelihood analysis using common protein-coding genes in chloroplast sequences. Also, we describe a newly developed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using multiplex PCR to identify F. erecta based on amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS) technique. We analyzed matK, atpB of the chloroplast genes and ITS from F. erecta and three related taxa, F. carica, F. sarmentosa var. nipponica and F. thunbergii. It provides useful information for molecular identification between F. erecta and related Korean native species.