• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2017

본 연구는 지방함량이 높은 원료인 extruded linseed가 홀스타인 거세우의 메탄배출량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 반추위 캐뉼라가 장착된 홀스타인 거세우 4두 ($462{\pm}30kg$)를 duplicated $2{\times}2$ Latin square design에 배치하여 실험을 수행하였다. 대조구는 육우용 시판 배합사료와 tall fescue 짚을 65:35의 비율로 혼합하여 체중의 2.8%(원물기준)에 해당하는 양을 급여하였다. 처리구는 대조구의 배합사료 총 에너지와 CP 수준을 동일하게 유지하되 원료 일부를 extruded linseed 3.8%로 대체하여 급여하였다. Extruded linseed 첨가는 건물섭취량에 영향을 미치지 않았지만 지방섭취량은 대조구에 비하여 유의성 있게 증가시켰다(P<0.05). 처리구간 반추위 pH는 비교적 적은 차이었지만 대조구가 extruded linseed 첨가구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았다(P<0.05). 총 VFA의 농도는 대조구가 extruded linseed 첨가구에 비하여 21%정도 높았지만 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 초산, 프로피온산 및 낙산의 농도도 처리구간 유의적인 차이가 없었다. Extruded linseed의 첨가는 1일 메탄 발생량과 메탄 배출계수(emission factor)를 15%정도 유의성 있게 감소시켰다(P<0.05). 건물, 유기물, NDF의 섭취 1kg당 메탄발생량 및 메탄전변율에서는 extruded linseed 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 낮은 수준이었지만, 통계적 유의성은 나타나지 않았다. 본 실험은 우리나라의 사료급여환경에서 홀스테인 거세우에게 extruded linseed 급여한 첫 실험으로서 메탄생성량을 감소시킬 수 있다는 가능성을 보여주고 있다.

• 소음진동
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.662-668
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• 2000

Sound transmission characteristics are investigated on the aluminium extruded panels used for railway vehicles. An equivalent orthotropic plate model and mass law are applied to predict the sound transmission loss. An extruded panel specimen used in the floor of railway vehicles is manufactured and is tested to measure sound transmission loss by two reverberant chamber method. Predicted transmission loss I compared with measured values and the effect of local resonance on the transmission characteristics is identified. The results are applied to design the extruded panel having better sound insulation performance.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.582-585
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• 2012

The aluminum extruded panel used for a high speed train shows the largest contribution to sound insulation performance of the train body. However, comparing with the flat panel having the same weight, the transmission loss falls sharply in the local resonance frequency band. Such fall of transmission loss can be improved by increasing the damping of local resonance. This study examines the charging effect of an urethane foam on the aluminum extruded panel of a high speed train. We charged the urethane foam with different mass density and in different way in the core part of the extruded panel. We measure the transmission loss and compare the sound insulation performance according to the density and charging method. Finally, Improvement effect of the transmission loss is compared and analysed in aspect of weight increment.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.115-118
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• 1999

The twisting and bending extrusion process is developed by the $DEFORM^TM$-3D. Because the rectangular section of the extruded product has the symmetry line of cross-section area, the twisting and the bending of extruded product has not occurred. The product with the rectangular section is applied to the twisting and bending extrusion process through the twisted die surface and eccentricity die section. It is shown that the twisting of extruded product is caused by the twisted die surfaces and the bending of extruded product is causd by the eccentricity between the die section. The results by the analysis show that the twisting angle and the curvature of extruded products increases by the die twisting angle, the eccentricity, but decreases by the die length, and friction condition

• 수산경영론집
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

This study is aimed at investigating optimum level of payments in the direct payment program for aquaculture extruded pellets both theoretically and practically by analyzing the effects on production and income in accordance with Green Box conditions of WTO Agreement on Agriculture. In particular, by analyzing both effects on production and income, it evaluates and compares payments affecting to the level of production and income, respectively. Analysis results indicate that the optimum level of payments in the direct payment program for aquaculture extruded pellets is determined by the growth rate of farmed fish, farming period, price and volume of extruded pellets, and additional amount of cost increase and decrease. Suppose that growth rates of farmed fish by extruded pellets(EP) and raw fish - based moist pellets(MP) are the same, it reveals the optimum level of payment should be lowered from the current level of payment. However, when the growth rate of farmed fish by EP is lower than that by MP, the optimum level of payment should be raised from the current level and total amount of payments by area should be increased as well.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.106-113
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• 1994

A novel method for production of concentrated purity maltose using swollen extruded corn starch was investigated. Degree of gelatinization of extruded starch suitable for maltose formation was found to be around 70%. The optimal amiunt of enzyme was 400 unit fungal $\alpha $-amylase per g of starch, and the reaction time was 12 hours. At extruded starch concentration of 300 g/l(w/v), maltose concentration and content were reached up to 220 g/l(w/v) and 77%(w/w), respectively. The maltose forming reaction was also successfully proceeded at high starch concentration of 700 g/l(w/v), however, the conversion yield and content were decreased. By the addition of extruded starch by fed-batch wise, the maltose concentration, purity, and conversion yield could be improved up to 465 g/l(w/v), 70%(w/w), and 0.63, respectively. The investigated maltose production process seems to have many potential advantages over the conventional process utilizing liquefied starch, and the feasibility for industrial application needs to be evaluated.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1994

The structure and mechanical properties of the extruded specimens were investigated in rapid solidified Al-(1, 3, 5) Cr alloys after mechanical alloying. Finer lamellar microstructure could no longer be resolved in the bars obtained by extrusion of the spherical particles after 200 min. of processing time. The structure of extruded bars are highly depended on the processing time of splats. The isothermal annealing of the extruded bars showed that all the alloys had good thermal stability up to $400^{\circ}C$ and did not show the recrystallization phenomena. Severe working of Al-(1, 3, 5) Cr splats produced a very fine grain size and substructural strengthening (high dislocation density and fine grain size). Effects of mechanical alloying on the thermal stability of the extruded bars Al-(1, 3, 5) Cr alloys decreases, with increasing Cr content. But the ultimate tensile Strength in the extruded bars increases with increasing Cr content.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quantity of debris which was extruded apically after canal instrumentation using different types of enlarging instrument in endodontic resin models. Five groups of 9 endodontic resin models were instrumented using each different technique : hand instrumentation without early coronal flaring. hand instrumentation after early coronal flaring. and three nickel-titanium engine-driven instrumentations (Hero 642, Protaper, $K^$). Debris extruded from apical foramen during instrumentation was collected on preweighed CBC bottle, desiccated and weighted using electronic balance. The results were analyzed using Kruskal-wallis test and Mann-Whitney U rank sum test at a significance level of 0.05. The results were as follows: 1. All of instrumentation techniques produced apically extruded debris. 2. Group without early coronal flaring extruded significant more debris than groups with early coronal flaring. 3. There was no significant difference among early coronal flaring groups. The early coronal flaring is very important to reduce the amount of debris extruded apically.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1191-1196
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• 2008

The antibacterial and antioxidant potentials of extruded ginseng extract (EGE) with 60% ethanol and methanol were investigated. The inhibitory activity of the EGE in Gram-positive bacteria was significantly higher than in Gram-negative bacteria. Higher antibacterial activity was observed with methanol ginseng extract when moisture content and barrel temperature were 20% and $115^{\circ}C$, respectively, that diameter of inhibition zone at 1,500 mg/mL was $15.40{\pm}0.13\;mm$ for Bacillus subtilis and $9.31{\pm}0.05\;mm$ for Salmonella typhimurium. The amount of total phenolics was highest in extruded ginseng at 20% moisture content and $115^{\circ}C$ barrel temperature. Especially, a positive correlation was observed between the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extracts. In the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical (DPPH) system, all tested extract of extruded ginseng at 20% moisture content exhibited very strong antioxidant properties when compared to red ginseng with percent scavenging effect of 23-35% at 20mg/mL. In conclusion, it can be said that the extracts of extruded ginseng could be used as natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agents in the food preservation.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 특별세미나,특별/일반세션
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• pp.457-462
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• 2009

In a high speed train, aluminium extruded panel is widely used in floor, side wall and roof structures for high bending stiffness and weight reduction. However, with some inevitable reasons, aluminium extruded panel shows inferior sound insulation performance compared with the flat panel having same weight. Especially, occurrence of local resonance modes in the particular frequency band, is one of the main reason in the deterioration of the sound insulation performance. Local resonance modes are generated in the structure which consists of periodic unit structure, such as the aluminium extruded panel. The local resonance frequency is determined by the specification of the unit structure. In this study, we predict the local resonance frequency band on the aluminium extruded panel used for the high speed train, and investigate how the design modification in the unit structure influences the local resonance frequency band and panel bending stiffness. The purpose of the study is to provide the design information for the effective unit structure in order to improve the sound insulation performance of the aluminium extruded panel.