• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제4권
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• pp.7-11
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• 1986

한국(韓國) 지방(地方) 재래종(在來種) 고추 9계통(系統)과 미국(美國) 식물(植物) 도입국계통(導入局系統)(PI) 34개(個) 계통(系統)을 공시(公試)하여 흑색(黑色) 병징(病徵)의 탄저병(炭疽病)(Colletotrichum dematium)에 대한 저항성(抵抗性)을 검정(檢定)하였다. 적열과(赤熱果)에다 침상후(針傷後) 병원균(病原菌) 현탁액(懸濁液)을 분무(噴霧)하는 방법(方法)과 점적(點滴)하는 방법(方法)으로 접종(接種)한후 침상부위(針傷部位)를 중심(中心)으로 형성(形成)된 병반(病班) 직경(直徑)을 측정(側定)하여 저항성(低抗性)을 평가(評價)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1) PI 201232, PI 224451, PI 257044, PI 257119, PI 257099, PI 224433, PI 244668, PI 257102, PI 173877, 남지 청룡 서동 등(等)은 발병(發病)이 가장 적어 저항성(抵抗性)으로 사료(思料)된다. 2) PI 241670, PI 244670, PI 224423 등(等)은 발병(發病)이 가장 커 이병성(罹病性)으로 사료(思料)된다. 3) 기외(其外)는 중간(中間) 정도(程度)였다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2011년도 학술발표회
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• pp.16-16
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• 2011

Statistics of extreme rainfall play a vital role in engineering practice from the perspective of mitigation and protection of infrastructure and human life from flooding. While flood frequency assessments, based on river flood flow data are preferred, the analysis of rainfall data is often more convenient due to the finer spatial nature of rainfall recording networks, often with longer records, and potentially more easily transferable from site to site. The rainfall frequency analysis as a design tool has developed over the years in New Zealand from Seelye's daily rainfall frequency maps in 1947 to Thompson's web based tool in 2010. This paper will present a history of the development of New Zealand rainfall frequency analysis methods, and the details of the latest method, so that comparisons may in future be made with the development of Korean methods. One of the main findings in the development of methods was new knowledge on the distribution of New Zealand rainfall extremes. The High Intensity Rainfall Design System (HIRDS.V3) method (Thompson, 2011) is based upon a regional rainfall frequency analysis with the following assumptions: $\bullet$ An "index flood" rainfall regional frequency method, using the median annual maximum rainfall as the indexing variable. $\bullet$ A regional dimensionless growth curve based on the Generalised Extreme Value (GEV), and using goodness of fit test for the GEV, Gumbel (EV1), and Generalised Logistic (GLO) distributions. $\bullet$ Mapping of median annual maximum rainfall and parameters of the regional growth curves, using thin-plate smoothing splines, a $2km\times2km$ grid, L moments statistics, 10 durations from 10 minutes to 72 hours, and a maximum Average Recurrence Interval of 100 years.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.154-154
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• 2018

To interpret the climate projections for the future as well as present, recognition of the consequences of the climate internal variability and quantification its uncertainty play a vital role. The Korean Peninsula belongs to the Far East Asian Monsoon region and its rainfall characteristics are very complex from time and space perspective. Its internal variability is expected to be large, but this variability has not been completely investigated to date especially using models of high temporal resolutions. Due to coarse spatial and temporal resolutions of General Circulation Models (GCM) projections, several studies adopted dynamic and statistical downscaling approaches to infer meterological forcing from climate change projections at local spatial scales and fine temporal resolutions. In this study, stochastic downscaling methodology was adopted to downscale daily GCM resolutions to hourly time scale using an hourly weather generator, the Advanced WEather GENerator (AWE-GEN). After extracting factors of change from the GCM realizations, these were applied to the climatic statistics inferred from historical observations to re-evaluate parameters of the weather generator. The re-parameterized generator yields hourly time series which can be considered to be representative of future climate conditions. Further, 30 ensemble members of hourly precipitation were generated for each selected station to quantify uncertainty. Spatial map was generated to visualize as separated zones formed through K-means cluster algorithm which region is more inconsistent as compared to the climatological norm or in which region the probability of occurrence of the extremes event is high. The results showed that the stations located near the coastal regions are more uncertain as compared to inland regions. Such information will be ultimately helpful for planning future adaptation and mitigation measures against extreme events.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2021

Climate change effects are particularly apparent in many cool-season grasslands in South Korea. Moreover, the probability of climate extremes has intensified and is expected to increase further. In this study, we performed climate change vulnerability assessments in cool-season grasslands based on the analytic hierarchy process method to contribute toward effective decision-making to help reduce grassland damage caused by climate change and extreme weather conditions. In the analytic hierarchy process analysis, vulnerability was found to be influenced in the order of climate exposure (0.575), adaptive capacity (0.283), and sensitivity (0.141). The climate exposure rating value was low in Jeju-do Province and high in Daegu (0.36-0.39) and Incheon (0.33-0.5). The adaptive capacity index showed that grassland compatibility (0.616) is more important than other indicators. The adaptation index of Jeollanam-do Province was higher than that of other regions and relatively low in Gangwon-do Province. In terms of sensitivity, grassland area and unused grassland area were found to affect sensitivity the most with index values of 0.487 and 0.513, respectively. The grassland area rating value was low in Jeju-do and Gangwon-do Province, which had large grassland areas. In terms of vulnerability, that of Jeju-do Province was lower and of Gyeongsangbuk-do Province higher than of other regions. These results suggest that integrating the three aspects of vulnerability (climate exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity) may offer comprehensive and spatially explicit adaptation plans to reduce the impacts of climate change on the cool-season grasslands of South Korea.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.127-147
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• 2010

Lee Chan's early poems were defined as the world of romance. His second-term poems were defined as proletarian poetry and poems written in prison when he made the romance as the core point through longing and desire for lost world. Maximizing the romance was proletarian poetry. His third-term poems were feelings of the northern countries called the spirit of Lee Chan's poems. He recognized the emotion of diaspora as the tragedy in these poems. It was remarkable time that the poet's tragedy observing and expressing the reality of colony. Afterward he wrote poems related inside withdrawal and war cooperation, finally he wrote poem after defecting to North Korea. Lee Chan showed the romance of desire in early poems and proletarian poems. Then he indicated acute scenery of the tragedy in the late 1930s' poems. In heavy situation, he moved from pro-Japanese literature to North Korean literature. However he didn't throw introspected self-reflection language to himself each his changing. But through several form of garden, he clearly showed consistent of maximizing his utopia sense. The time Lee Chan experienced was an icon which intensively indicated several features of deformed modern Korean poetic history. He was a unique poet who expressed various traces of modern Korean poetry in short time step by step. His path informed that he was a special poet who stepped the trace of many modern Korean poetry's extremes such as romantic poetry, proletarian poetry, prison poetry, pro-Japanese poetry and North Korean poetry. Likewise we can call his life as a grudge return. Because he left hometown, experienced the light and darkness of modern times and returned his hometown.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제51권spc1호
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• pp.1149-1159
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• 2018

본 연구는 우리나라 113개 중권역에 대한 기후변화에 따른 미래 홍수 피해액의 예측을 위하여 26개 GCM 모형에서 생산한 강우자료와 1시간 최대 강수량, 10분 최대 강수량, 1일 강수량이 80 mm 초과한 일수, 일 최대 강수량, 연강수량, 유역고도, 시가화율, 인구 밀도, 자산 밀도, 도로와 같은 사회 간접 시설, 하천개수율, 하수도 보급률, 배수펌프시설, 유수지용량 및 과거 홍수 피해액 자료를 활용하였다. 구축된 자료에 대하여 구속 다중선형회귀 모형(Constrained Multiple Linear Regression Model)을 적용하여 홍수 피해액과 여타 입력자료 사이의 상관관계를 구축하고 RCP 4.5와 8.5에 대한 26개 GCM 모형 산정자료를 활용하여 미래 홍수 피해액을 예측하였다. 홍수피해에 주된 요인이 되는 연강수량, 극치 강우량 등 강우관련 요소들이 전반적으로 증가하며 이로 인하여 과거 홍수로 인한 피해액이 광범위하게 증가할 것으로 판단되고 특히 동해안 및 남강댐 유역에 미래의 홍수피해액이 높게 예측되는 경향을 보인다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2019

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) refers to the complication affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and cardiovascular system (CVS) due to the overdose of local anesthesia. Its reported prevalence is 0.27/1000, and the representative symptoms range from dizziness to unconsciousness in the CNS and from arrhythmias to cardiac arrest in the CVS. Predisposing factors of LAST include extremes of age, pregnancy, renal disease, cardiac disease, hepatic dysfunction, and drug-associated factors. To prevent the LAST, it is necessary to recognize the risk factors for each patient, choose a safe drug and dose of local anesthesia, use vasoconstrictor, confirm aspiration and use incremental injection techniques. According to the treatment guidelines for LAST, immediate application of lipid emulsion plays an important role. Although lipid emulsion is commonly used for parenteral nutrition, it has recently been widely used as a non-specific antidote for various types of drug toxicity, such as LAST treatment. According to the recently published guidelines, 20% lipid emulsion is to be intravenously injected at 1.5 mL/kg. After bolus injection, 15 mL/kg/h of lipid emulsion is to be continuously injected for LAST. However, caution must be observed for >1000 mL of injection, which is the maximum dose. We reviewed the incidence, mechanism, prevention, and treatment guidelines, and a serious complication of LAST occurring due to dental anesthesia. Furthermore, we introduced lipid emulsion that has recently been in the spotlight as the therapeutic strategy for LAST.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2020

최근 통신장비가 발달함에 따라 통신장비의 수요가 점차 늘어나고 있는 추세이다. 이에 따라 다양한 신호 처리가 연구되어져 왔다. 그 중 영상은 전처리 과정에서 잡음을 제거하지 않으면 오류의 전파라는 문제를 야기할 수 있기 때문에 잡음 제거가 필수불가결한 단계이다. Salt and Pepper 잡음의 경우 두 개의 극값을 가지는 대표적인 임펄스 잡음이다. 이러한 잡음을 제거하기 위해 다양한 연구가 진행되어 왔으며 CWMF, MF, MMF 등이 있다. 하지만 기존의 방법들은 고밀도 잡음 영역에서 다소 미흡한 모습을 보인다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 7×7 마스크 내부의 잡음개수에 따라 마스크의 크기를 다르게 하고, 영상의 히스토그램 분포를 이용하여 변형된 스위칭 필터로 필터링하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안한 알고리즘의 경우 고밀도 잡음 영역에서 효과적으로 잡음을 제거할 수 있으며, 객관적인 판단을 위해 PSNR을 이용하여 기존의 알고리즘들과 비교, 분석하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.148-161
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• 2022

한국의 디자인은 경제성장과 밀접한 연관이 되어 발전하였고 오늘날에도 물질적인 성장이나 부의 증대, 소비촉진을 위한 핵심적인 역할을 담당하고 있다. 물론 한국의 디자인 수준이 크게 성장한 것은 사실이나 트렌드를 선도하는 수준에는 이르지 못하고 있다. 그 이면에는 대다수의 디자인 기업에서 트렌드 리서치와 벤치마킹등의 공급자적인 관점으로 편중되어 디자인 조형창작이 이루어지는 것도 여러 원인들 중 한가지라고 생각된다. 세계의 디자인 트렌드를 선도하는 사례를 살펴보면 창작자의 작가적인 관점에서 비롯된 그들의 주관적인 사고가 디자인 조형창작에서 적지 않은 비중을 차지하는 것을 알 수 있다. 자기 표현적 디자인 개발 사례를 살펴보고 사고의 스펙트럼 양 극단에 있는 디자이너와 예술가들과의 심층 인터뷰를 통해 자기표현적 디자인 조형창작의 개념모델 제안을 위한 시사점을 얻고자 한다. 이를 통해 공급자적인 관점에 따른 사고가 지배적인 대다수의 디자인 조형창작에 작가적인 관점에 따른 사고체계와 프로세스를 융합한 균형적인 사고가 이루어지는 5단계 디자인 조형창작 과정으로 체계화한 개념모델을 제안 하였다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.315-320
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• 2022

본 연구는 인간을 다른 생명체와 동일한 차원에서 바라보는 인간주의 이후 포스트휴머니즘의 흐름과 더불어, 그 안에 속하지만 정반대로 과학기술을 통한 증강인간을 꿈꾸며 절대화를 꾀하는 트랜스휴머니즘의 문제를 다루고자 한다. 그 이후 본 연구는 기존 정의론이 이 두 가지 양극단의 상황에 대해 어떻게 평가할 수 있는지 살펴보고자 한다. 특별히 정의론과 관련하여 우리가 선택한 길잡이는 마이클 샌델이며, 이러한 논의 안으로 미래의 포스트/트랜스휴머니즘의 문제를 통과시켜봄으로써 과연 전통 정의론의 입장에서 미래 인간론의 흐름을 어떻게 평가할 수 있는지 제안하게 된다. 포스트/트랜스휴머니즘과 그로 인해 나타날 다양한 사건들은 우리가 피할 수 없는 운명으로 다가오고 있다. 그러나 이러한 필연적인 상황과 더불어 이것은 기존의 정의론을 통과하여 타당한 것으로 통용되기 위해서는 아직 많은 논의들이 필요한 실정이다.