• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.151-161
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• 2021

Purpose : This study was to investigate the effectiveness of ESWT and plantar fascia-specific stretching exercise vs ESWT and high-load strengthening exercise in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis. Methods : The subjects were randomized to extracorporeal shock wave therapy ( ESWT, for 3 weeks) and daily plantar-specific stretching (Group I: Stretch group) or ESWT and high-load progressive strength (Group II: Strength group) performed every second day. The main outcome measures were ultrasound, visual analogue scale (VAS), and Korean Foot Function Index (KFFI). The ultrasound (plantar fascia thickness), pain intensity I, II (the most painful of the day?, the pain when you first step in the morning?) and KFFI (functional performance) were compared between the groups. Results : No significant difference was observed between the groups in the plantar fascia thickness but pain intensity I, II was significantly lower in Group 2 than in Group 1 at only 12weeks and functional performance was also significantly increased in Group 2 compared to Group 1 at only 12 weeks. Conclusion : The high-load strengthening exercise consisting of the progressive exercise protocol, resulted in superior after 12 weeks compared with plantar-specific stretching. High-load strength exercise may aid in a quicker reduction in pain and improvements in functional performance.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.251-255
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• 2005

When the extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor is operated, sounds can be heard. Then that might be a question about the location where the sounds come from. For the purpose of investigating the fact, we identify the location of the sounds radiated using one hydrophone. In order to carry out the experiment, it is needed to obtain direct waves from objects. Therefore, we present an experimental method to reduce reflected waves for obtaining direct waves only. The experimental results show the amplitude of waves can be attenuated about 28dB due to a silicon rubber plate of 8.5mm attached at the bottom. This is a quantified result that can expect to obtain the direct waves using the proposed method. Then, we carried out the experiment for the sound source location. From the experimental results, we can undoubtedly present a fact that the sounds are radiated from the objects to be shot due to shock waves.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.315-321
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• 2021

Background: Pillar pain may develop after carpal tunnel release surgery (CTRS). This prospective double-blinded randomized trial investigated the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in pillar pain relief and hand function improvement. Methods: The sample consisted of 60 patients with post-CTRS pillar pain, randomized into two groups. The ESWT group (experimental) received three sessions of ESWT, while the control group received three sessions of sham ESWT, one session per week. Participants were evaluated before treatment, and three weeks, three months, and six months after treatment. The pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Hand functions were assessed using the Michigan hand outcomes questionnaire (MHQ). Results: The ESWT group showed significant improvement in VAS and MHQ scores after treatment at all time points compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Before treatment, the ESWT and control groups had a VAS score of 6.8 ± 1.3 and 6.7 ± 1.0, respectively. Three weeks after treatment, they had a VAS score of 2.8 ± 1.1 and 6.1 ± 1.0, respectively. Six months after treatment, the VAS score was reduced to 1.9 ± 0.9 and 5.1 ± 1.0, respectively. The ESWT group had a MHQ score of 54.4 ± 7.7 before treatment and 73.3 ± 6.8 six months after. The control group had a MHQ score of 54.2 ± 7.1 before treatment and 57.8 ± 4.4 six months after. Conclusions: ESWT is an effective and a safe non-invasive treatment option for pain management and hand functionality in pillar pain.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2004

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate effects of calcific lesion on shockwave therapy of the tennis elbow. Materials and Methods: twenty-four patients with refractory tennis elbow were treated with shock waves. The patients were evaluated by assessment of pain using visual analog scale (VAS) and simple elbow test (SET). Comparision of clinical outcomes for the patients with and without calcification in the extensor tendon and/or cortical irregularity of lateral condyle was tried to determine if this could be a possible prognostic factor in clinical settings. Overall clinical outcomes were evaluated by Roles and Maudsley score at 12 months after ESWT. Results: Significant improvement of symptoms were observed in 20 (83 %) patients at 12 months follow up according to Roles and Maudesley scores. The patients with calcification and/or cortical irregularity improved significantly better, when compared to the patients without calcification and/or cortical irregularity at follow up. Conclusion: This study suggests that shock waves therapy could be considered as effective and noninvasive treatment modality for refractory tennis elbow. Also calcific deposit in extensor tendon and/or cortical irregularity of the lateral epicondyle was seem to be good prognostic factor for shock wave therapy for tennis elbow

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2009

Purpose : This study aims to investigate into the change in muscle power, pain and muscle tension upon application of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and ultrasound (US) at trigger point (TrP) of the Scapular inter angle. Methods : In total of 24 human subjects that experience pain upon stimulation at the scapular inter angle were recruited. They were divided into three groups: control, ESWT and US group. Each group was subjected to appropriate stimulation three times per week for four weeks except the control group which had no restrictions in lifestyle. The ESWT group was subjected to Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy with a 2 $cm^2$ head, 20 times at speed of application of 60 pulses/min and depth of intrusion of 25 mm Whereas the US group was subject to Ultra sound therapy with 1$cm^2$ head, 1 MHz in frequency, 1.5 W/$cm^2$ of strength with five minutes of continuous application. Measurements were performed immediately prior to and at the end of the experiment. Results : There was no statistical significance in the change in muscle tension and muscle power as well as the difference between both groups before and after the experiment. VAS and VRS, all of which indicates changes in pain level, had statistically significant differences between them in pretest posttest comparisons. However, ESWT was superior to US in terms of decreasing muscle tension and pain while increasing muscle power. Conclusion : This study has made it evident that ESWT is far more reasonable to apply to TrP.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2015

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for postoperative pain after surgery around ankle. Materials and Methods: We included 21 patients who performed an operation around ankle from 2009 to 2013. 4 times ESWT were applied to the patients who have tenderness more than visual analog scale (VAS) point 4. We evaluated the VAS at each sessions and final follow-up, and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score (AFOAS) was checked at preoperative and final follow-up. Patient's satisfaction and complications were surveyed. Results: Preoperative VAS was mean 4.7, postoperative pain VAS was mean 6.0 at 4.5 months follow-up. The VAS after ESWT each session at 1, 2, 3 weeks and final follow-up were 4.8, 3.2, 2.3, 2.9, respectively. Mean final follow-up period was 9.4 months. Final VAS were significantly decreased (p<0.001). Final VAS were increased from VAS at last session of ESWT, however, not significant (p=0.189). AOFAS significantly improved from preoperative 60 to final follow-up 86 (p<0.001). Excellent was 12 patients (57%), good was 4 patients (19%), no change was 3 patients (14%) and poor was 2 patients (9%). 1 patient complained a dizziness and nausea during ESWT. Conclusion: ESWT for postoperative pain after ankle surgery shows satisfactory pain reduction in 76% of all patients without severe complication.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.287-291
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• 2005

To determine the appropriate session for changing treatment modality according to the size of proximal ureter stone with complete obstruction, We analyzed 201 patients with proximal ureter stone primarily treated by Dornier MPL 9000 lithotripter from January, 2002 to August, 2004. Of total 201 patients, the patients without complete obstruction were 142, and with complete obstruction were 59. In the patients without complete obstruction, the accumulative stone free rate of the first, second, and third session were 68.3%, 86.6%, and 94.4%, respectively. The accumulative stone free rate according to the stone size at third session were 100%, 90.5%, 00.0% in stones less than 10 mm, 10 to less than 20 mm, and larger than or 20 mm, respectively. In the patients with complete obstruction, the accumulative stone free rate of the first, second, and third session were 44.1%, 66.1%, and 76.3%, respectively. The accumulative stone free rate according to the stone size at third session were 100%, 65.5%, 33.3% in stones less than 10 mm, 10 to less than 20 mm, and larger than or 20 mm, respectively. In our study, the size of proximal ureter stone with complete obstruction influenced noticeably on the success rate of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). We propose that the proximal ureter stones larger than or 10 mm with complete obstruction are treated by ureteroscopic manipulation than ESWL as the first line treatment modality.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the dose-related effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for lateral epicondylitis. Materials and methods: Thirty patients with refractory lateral epicondylitis despite conservative treatment for 6 months were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided randomly into a low- and high-energy group. All patients were treated 3 times with ESWT with an interval of 1 week in a double blinded manner. The mean energy level in the low- and high-energy group was $0.12 mJ/mm^2$ and $0.24 mJ/mm^2$, respectively. The upper extremity functional scales and Mayo elbow scores were measured prospectively at the baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months after ESWT. Results: Significant clinical improvement was observed in both groups after ESWT. The high-energy group showed better pain improvement at 6 months after ESWT (p=0.019). The effect of ESWT was dominant between 1 and 6 months after ESWT than within 1 month. Conclusion: ESWT for lateral epicondylitis demonstrated showed good results regardless of the energy dose. However, a high-energy level was more effective in pain improvement after 6 months of treatment.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.427-436
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• 2019

This study investigated the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on the knee angle, MAS, and TUG of the affected side in patients with hemiplegic strokes. This study selected 20 patients who received rehabilitation treatment at a hospital after having been diagnosed with stroke. The control group (n=10) received the general physiotherapy (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation), and the experimental group (n=10) applied the extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) to the injured limb after PNF treatment. This study used an integrated kinematics analyzer (4D-MT, Relive, Korea) to analyze walking, timed up and go test to evaluate the dynamic balance ability of patients, and MAS to evaluate the spasticity. In the study results, knee angle were significantly different in all groups(p<0.05) but there was no significant difference between the groups(p>0.05). In the study results, TUG were significantly different in all groups(p<0.05) but there was no significant difference between the groups(p>0.05). Based on the results of this study, I hope that more detailed research will proceed.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.257-260
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 압전형 쇄석기에 의한 충격파 조사시에 초점위치 및 파쇄정도에 따른 파쇄대상물의 진동과 그 때 들려오는 방사음과의 관계에 대하여 검토해 본 시뮬레이션 결과를 제시한다. 아울러 동일한 실험을 파쇄가능한 대상물에 시행하여 진동과 파쇄효율과의 관계에 대해서도 실험적으로 검토한다. 최종적으로 압전형 쇄석기로 충격파를 대상물에 조사할 때, 충격시의 방사음과 대상물의 진동 및 그것에 따른 파쇄효율의 전체적인 상관성에 대하여 고찰한다.