• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1993

An abnormal female Korean native calf at five months age with five legs was observed macroscopically and radiographically. External features included two normal forelimbs, and hindlimbs, and an abnormal forelimb which was underdeveloped. A rudimentary forelimb, which was attached to the pectoral region, was observed at the right axillary part. The extra forelimb was scapural and humeral meromelia. It consisted of an underdeveloped forearm (antebrachium), several carpal bones (three bones), large metacarpal bone (Mc. 3 + 4), and two digits with two hoofs. The proximal, middle and distal phalanges, proximal and distal sesamoid bones are normal.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.651-657
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• 1995

An abnormal Korean native cow of five years old with an extra leg was observed macroscopically and radiographically. The results were summarized as follows. 1. External features included two normal forelimbs and hindlimbs, and an extra abnormal forelimb which was underdeveloped. The extra forelimb attached to the regions of back on right scapula. 2. The extra forelimb had antebrachial meromelia. It consisted of undeveloped and severely deformed scapula and humerus, fused carpal bones, imperfectly duplicated metacarpal bones, and polydactyly. The polydactyly was consisted of seven rows of digits with seven hooves, and a rudimentary hoof of dewclaw. 3. The ectopic limp was devoid of muscular tissue.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.643-649
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• 1995

An abnormal Korean native cow of six years old with extra legs was observed macroscopically and radiographically. The results were summarized as follows; 1. External features included two normal forelimbs and hindlimbs, and two extra forelimbs which were underdeveloped. The extra forelimbs of different length attached laterally to the cranial regions of neck on right scapula. 2. The large extra forelimb had scapular meromelia. It consisted of underdeveloped humerus, antebrachial skeleton, several carpal bones, metacapal bone(MC3+4) and two digitis with each pairs of hoof and a rudimentary hoof of dewclaw. 3. The small extra forelimb had scapular and antebrachial meromelia. It consisted of underdeveloped metacarpal and carpal bone, severely deformed humerus, fused carpal bones, and two digitis with two hooves, and a rudimentary hoof of dewclaw. 4. The dermoid cyst was observed between the large and small extra forelimbs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2011

Supernumerary ectopic limb(s) (SEL) is a congenital anomaly defined as the presence of accessory limb(s) attached to various body regions. This paper describes a case of SEL with ectopic lung and ectopia cordis in a newborn calf, based on macroscopic, microscopic and radiographic findings. External features of multiple congenital anomalies included an ectopic lung growing over the middle of the backbone and covered with normal haired skin. Ectopia cordis was found in the abdominal cavity and attached to the liver. Two extra abnormal limbs originated separately from within the ectopic lung. Most of the abdominal organs were exposed to the outside through the opened abdominal cavity. Microscopically the ectopic lung tissue had edema in the connective tissue around the bronchus and artery. Changes in other organs included congestion of the renal medulla, infiltration of inflammatory cells (lymphocytes and eosinophils) around the hepatic portal tract, and edema surrounding blood vessels and neurons in the brain. The rudimentary humerus of the forelimb was attached to the thoracic spine, as viewed radiographically. The hindlimb was consisted of an irregularly shaped femur, short tibia and fibula, two tarsal bones, one metatarsal bone, and three phalanges. This is the first description of congenital anomalies involving the SEL, ectopic lung and ectopia cordis in a calf.