• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2009

For this study, the external laryngeal lengths of 9 females and 9 males with normal voices were measured together with their ages, heights, and weights, and after they read aloud sentences for 3 minutes, their habitual speaking fundamental frequencies, speaking low pitches, speaking high pitches, and vocal fold closed quotients were measured. The Spearman rank correlation analysis on these data showed a significant negative correlation between the external laryngeal length and the habitual speaking fundamental frequency for both females and males, a significant negative correlation between the external laryngeal length and the speaking high pitch for only males, a significant negative correlation between the external laryngeal length and the speaking low pitch for both females and males, and a significant positive correlation between the external laryngeal length and the vocal fold closed quotient for only males.

• 음성과학
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• 제1권
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• pp.261-274
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• 1997

In spite of the presumed importance of the strap muscles on laryngeal valving and speech production, there is little research concerning the physiological role and the functional differences among the strap muscles. Generally, the strap muscles have been shown to cause a decrease in the fundamental frequency(Fo) of phonation during contraction. In this study, an in vivo canine laryngeal model was used to show the effects of strap muscles on the laryngeal function by measuring the Fo, subglottal pressure, vocal intensity, vocal fold length, cricothyroid distance, and vertical laryngeal movement. Results demonstrated that the contraction of sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles corresponded to a rise in subglottal pressure, shortened cricothyroid distance, lengthened vocal fold, and raised Fo and vocal intensity. The thyrohyoid muscle corresponded to lowered subglottal pressure, widened cricothyroid distance, shortened vocal fold, and lowered Fo and vocal intensity. It was postulated that the mechanism of altering Fa and other variables after stimulation of the strap muscles is due to the effects of laryngotracheal pulling, upward or downward, and laryngotracheal forward bending, by the external forces during strap muscle contraction.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1993년도 제27차 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.69-69
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• 1993

음성 기본주파수는 성대 전체의 단순한 진동에 의해 형성되며 음성의 특징을 결정하는 가장 중요한 요소 중의 하나이다. 저자들은 후두질환의 발견과 치료의 기초로 이용하고자 20대 성인 남녀 각각 50명과 10세 내외의 소아 남녀 각각 40명을 대상으로 외후두의 크기와 기본주파수를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 성인에서 평균 외후두의 크기는 남자 37.8$\pm$3.15 mm, 여자 31.0$\pm$3.19 mm였고 기본주파수의 평균은 남자가 117.8$\pm$10.09 Hz, 여자가 220.26$\pm$13.75 Hz로 각각 통계학적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었다. (p<0.05) 3. 소아에서 평균 외후두의 크기는 남자 25.67$\pm$4.53 mm, 여자 27.28$\pm$2.77 mm였고 기본주파수의 평균은 남자가 224.88$\pm$15.89 Hz, 여자가 239.25$\pm$15.92 Hz로 통계학적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었다. (p<0.01) 5. 성인에서 외후두의 크기와 기본주파수는 서로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. (r=0.48)

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.140-147
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• 1994

Reconstruction of the pharynx and cervical esophagus presents a tremendous challenges to surgeons. Over the past 2 years[1990, Dec.-1993, Jun], the free jejunal graft has been performed in 17 cases in Korea Cancer Center Hospital.The indications of this procedures were almost malignant neoplasms involving neck and upper aero-digestive tract; Hypopharyngeal cancer[12 cases, including 2 recurrent cases], laryngeal cancer[2 cases], thyroid cancer[2 cases, including 1 recurrent case], cervical esophageal cancer[1 case]. There were fifteen men and two women, and the mean age was 59.6 years. The anastomosis site of jejunal artery were common carotid artery[16 cases] or external carotid artery[1 case] and that of jejunal vein were internal jegular [15 cases] or facial[1 case] and superior thyroid vein[1 case]. The length of jejunal graft was from 9 cm to 17 cm[mean 13 cm] and the mean ischemic time was 68 minutes. There was one hospital mortality which was irrelevant to procedures[variceal bleeding] and one graft failure[1/16]. Other postoperative complications were neck bleeding or hematoma[3 cases], abdominal wound infection or disruption[5 cases], anastomosis site leakage[1 case], pneumonia[2 cases], graft vein thrombosis[1 case], and food aspiration[1 case]. The function of conduit was excellent and ingestion of food was possible in nearly all cases. Postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy was also applicable without problem in 7 cases. During follow-up periods, the anastomosis site stenosis developed in four patients, and the tracheal stoma was narrowed in one case but easily overcome with dilation. In conclusion, we think that the free jejunal graft is one of the excellent reconstruction methods of upper digestive tract, especially after radical resection of malignant neoplasm in neck with a high success rate and low mortality and morbidity rate.