• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.164-168
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• 2001

Abel et al. in Germany discovered a new dioxin-responsive gene, which has later been identified as rpt-1 (regulatory protein T-lymphocyte 1). While it is speculated that rpt-1 may play a role in signal transduction and carcinogenesis, its roles and functions remain unknown. The present study attempted to analyze functions of rpt-1 in human epithelial cells following the xenobiotic exposures. While German counterpart analyzed expressionn of rpt-1 in spleen and thymus cells from mouse and rat and characterizes molecular properties of the gene, our work mainly focused on analyzing function of rpt-1 in human skin cells. Expression of rpt-1 in human cells were analyzed by western and northern blot RT-PCR analysis. Expression of rpt-1 as well as Staf-50 in human cells with or without exposure to environmental pollutants were also analyzed by northern blot analysis, since Staf-50 is homologous with rpt-1 and found in human cells. To help study roles of rpt-1 in human cell system, retroviral vector system carrying rpt-1 gene under the CMV promoter were constructed and transfected. Cells overexpressing the gene after the transfection showed an increase of cell density and soft agar colony formations, as compared to the control cells, suggesting that rpt-1 may play a certain role in the transformation processes of human cells. While the expression of rpt-1 in spleen and thymus is known to be strong in the laboratory animals, both the basal and TCDD-induced expression of rpt-1 in the current cellular system remained insignificant. It is speculated that the expression pattern of rpt-1 may be tissue- and species-specific. The present study demonstrated a strong expression of rpt-1 protein in the brain of SD rat model. Since there is no previous report on the expression of rpt-1 in the brain tissue, the result may play a significant role in understanding dioxin-induced neurotoxicities in the future. The present study provides an opportunity to understand a role of rpt-1 in human cell system and suggest a possible lead and basis for the future study of dioxin-induced neurotoxicities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.7
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• pp.156-171
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• 2014

This study attempted to comprehend the usage of the modular system in fields through literature review and objective research, as well as analysis of its expression characteristics in fashion. It tried to provide inspiring visual data for the fashion design of the modular system. After analyzing architecture and product-related books, Internet data and advanced research, the four expression characteristics of the modular system were obtained. Firstly, the formative expression characteristics of the modular system in fashion were simplicity, extensibility, variability and diversity. Secondly, of the formative expression characteristics expressed in modern fashion, simplicity (30%) was the highest, followed by extensibility (27%), diversity (22%) and variability (21%). Thirdly, simple silhouette and structure were used to express simplicity, usually simple geometric figures. In contrast, extensibility was expressed through the expansion and exaggeration of the area, length and volume of the clothes. In terms of variability, the typical characteristics of modules were reflected. For diversity, heterogeneous materials were used, and informality was expressed.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.23-28
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• 2014

This study proposes the design and implementation of the system for a facial expression recognition system. LDP(Local Directional Pattern) feature computes the edge response in a different direction from a pixel with the relationship of neighbor pixels. It is necessary to be estimated that LDP code can represent facial features correctly under various conditions. In this respect, we build the system of facial expression recognition to test LDP performance quickly and the proposed evaluation system consists of six components. we experiment the recognition rate with local micro patterns (LDP, Gabor, LBP) in the proposed evaluation system.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.839-847
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• 2006

The aim of this study is to monitor reporter gene expression under osteocalcin gene promoter, using a real-time molecular imaging system, as tool to investigate osteoblast differentiation. The promoter region of mouse osteocalcin gene 2 (mOG2), the best-characterized osteoblast-specific gene, was inserted in promoterless luciferase reporter vector. Expression of reporter gene was confirmed and relationship between the reporter gene expression and osteoblastic differentiation was evaluated. Gene expression according to osteoblstic differentiation on biomaterials, utilizing a real-time molecular imaging system, was monitored. Luciferase was expressed at the only cells transduced with pGL4/mOGP and the level of expression was statistically higher at cells cultured in mineralization medium than cells in growth medium. CCCD camera detected the luciferase expression and was visible differentiation-dependent intensity of luminescence. The cells produced osteocalcin with time-dependent increment in BMP-2 treated cells and there was difference between BMP-2 treated cells and untreated cells at 14days. There was difference at the level of luciferase expression under pGL4/mOGP between BMP-2 treated cells and untreated cells at 3days. CCCD camera detected the luciferase expression at cells transduced with pGL4/mOGP on Ti disc and was visible differentiation-dependent intensity of luminescence This study shows that 1) expression of luciferase is regulated by the mouse OC promoter, 2) the CCCD detection system is a reliable quantitative gene detection tool for the osteoblast differentiation, 3) the dynamics of mouse OC promoter regulation during osteoblast differentiation is achieved in real time and quantitatively on biomaterial. The present system is a very reliable system for monitoring of osteoblast differentiation in real time and may be used for monitoring the effects of growth factors, drug, cytokines and biomaterials on osteoblast differentiation in animal.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.146-149
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• 2000

Biologically active porcine Interleukin-2(poIL-2) was produced from in vitro and in viva baculovirus expression system, namely the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (ACNPV)-cell culture system and the Hybrid nucler polthedrosis virus (HyNPV)-sillkworm larva system. The concentration of the recombinant poIL-2(rpoIL-2) in the larvae hemolymph was 1 to 3 mg/mL, which was about 7 to 20 times those of the cell culture systems. The level of this expression efficiency is equal to that with transgenic livestock, secretion products in milk.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8445-8450
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• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women and the most frequent cause of death in those between 35 and 55 years of age. All multicellular organisms have an innate immune system, whereas the adaptive or 'acquired' immune system is restricted to vertebrates. This study focused on the effect of conditioned medium isolated from cultured breast cancer cells on NB4 neutrophil-like cells. Materials and Methods: In the current study neutrophil-like NB4 cells were incubated with MCF-7 cell-conditioned medium. After 6 h incubation the intracellular receptor TLR2, was analyzed. Results: The results revealed that MCF-7 cell-conditioned medium elicited expression of TLR2 in NB4 cells. Conclusions: This treatment would result in the production of particular stimulants (i.e. soluble cytokines), eliciting the expression of immune system receptors. Furthermore, the flow cytometry results demonstrated that MCF-7 cell-conditioned medium elicited an effect on TLR2 intracellular receptors.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.483-486
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• 2004

The expression of nestin and vimentin in the spinal nerve roots of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was studied to ascertain whether Schwann cells in the peripheral nerves respond to acute central nervous system autoimmune injury. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that nestin was constitutively expressed in the dorsal roots of spinal nerves in control rats; its expression was enhanced in the spinal nerve roots of rats with EAE. Vimentin expression was weak in control rat spinal nerve roots, and it was increased in the dorsal roots of rats with EAE. It is postulated that normal animals have multipotent progenitor cells that constitutively express nestin and vimentin in the spinal nerve roots. In response to an injury of the central nervous system, these multipotent Schwann cells are activated in the spinal nerve roots through the expression of the intermediate filament proteins vimentin and nestin.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.432-437
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• 2016

Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a cytokine that plays a key regulatory role in the immune system. Recombinant human IL-11 (rhIL-11) exerts a preventative effect against apoptotic cell death and inhibits preadipocyte differentiation. IL-11 also is used to stimulate the bone marrow to produce platelets in order to prevent low platelets that may be caused by chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the high production cost of IL-11 associated. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of transgenic plants for the cost-effective production of rhIL-11. Production of rhIL-11 proteins in whole-plant expression system will be more economical when compared to the current E. coli based expression system. The human rhIL-11 gene was codon optimized to maximize plant host system expression. IL-11 expression vector under the control of a constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus 35S (CaMV 35S) promoter was introduced into tobacco by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The 5'-leader sequence (called ${\Omega}$) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as a translational enhancer was added to construct. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing various levels of rhIL-11 protein were generated. Western blotting of the stably transformed lines demonstrated accumulation of the appropriately sized rhIL-11 protein in leaves. This research demonstrated the efficacy of using tobacco as an expression system for the production of rhIL-11.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.202-207
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• 1998

The network reliability is to be computed in terms of the terminal reliability. The computation of a terminal reliability is started with a Boolean sum of products expression corresponding to simple paths of the pair of nodes. This expression is then transformed into another equivalent expression to be a Disjoint Sum of Products form. But this computation of the terminal reliability obviously does not consider the communication between any other nodes but for the source and the sink. In this paper, we derive the overall network reliability which all other remaining nodes. For this, we propose a method to make the SOP disjoint for deriving the network reliability expression from the system success expression using the modified Sheinman's method. Our method includes the concept of spanning trees to find the system success function by the Cartesian products of vertex cutsets.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.43-49
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• 2018

Modern people communicate in a digital space without being limited by physical space and time. On the internet, people's desire for self-expression is getting bigger, and the most common self-expression tool is characters. Characters are visual materials to express human thoughts and desires. This study is a method to positively express the viewer's self in an interactive Hangeul system. The proposed system produces new formative shapes and meanings of Hangeul through the process of deconstructing and reconstructing the characters. Immediate character transformations that are synchronized with the motion of the viewer act as a tool of self-expression by inducing the viewer's active interaction repeatedly. Therefore, the proposed interactive Hangeul is more than enough to be used as a new graphic tool beyond the text to be read, and it is highly likely to develop into cultural contents using it.