• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.197-210
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• 2004

The Purpose of this study was to explore the effects of differentiation, emotion over involvement(expressed emotion), and criticism between middle-or-old aged parent and child, by relation of emotional system, on child's psychological depression. The subject of this study were m premarital adult children over 30 years old. The major findings of this study were as follows. First. it was found that mother-child differentiation was more perceptive than that of father-child. With psychological depression, expressed emotion within family and criticism were shown average score that was lower than middle score. Second, among demographic characteristics, there are significant differences premarital adult children's sex, education, income, family type, father's education, and parents' marital status. Third, as the result of regression analysis, the higher level of psychological depression when the lower differentiation between parent-child, the higher expressed emotion over involvement within family and criticism. Based on the findings in this study, the relation of emotional system is very important. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the therapeutic intervention and relation improvement program when individual and family counseling about parent-child are going on.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 1996

Recent studies on long-term outcome of schizophrenia revealed that schizophrenic symptoms recover in more than 50%, while it remains severe in less than 20% after 20 years or more from the onset. Psychopharmacological studies indicate that 75% of remitted schizophrenics may recur within 2 years after discontinuation of maintenance pharmacotherapy. In addition, family studies revealed that schizophrenic decompensation may occur significantly more frequent in discharged patients with high expressed emotion family than in low expressed emotion family. These findings strongly support a clinical validity of stress-vulnerability concept of schizophrenia which open a new viewpoint to two central problems in schizophrenia treatment, i.e. psychotic relapses and chronification of the fist episode schizophrenia. Moreover, recent psychopathological studies argue that schizophrenic symptoms are manifestations of psychological reaction secondary to a primary cognitive impairment(neurobiological vulnerability), which is originated in neurobiological changes in the brain. Recent approaches to the vulnerability to schizophrenic symptoms or schizophrenic decompensation are reviewed.