• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.38-48
• /
• 1982

본 연구는 농촌진흥청산하의 41개 병새충발생예찰소에서 1966년부터 1979년까지 14년간 조사된 이화명나방의 유살자료를 기초로 기상자료, 품종의 변천, 경종법의 변동, 기지 농업기술의 변천에 따르는 이화명나방 발생양상의 변동을 분석함으로써 금후 본 해충의 발생예찰을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고 이화명나방을 중심으로 한 생태계의 연구용 Model을 구성하는 기초로 삼고자 수행하여 다음과 같을 결과를 얻었다. 1. 이화명나방의 유살수는 벼 통일계 신품종이 재배되기 전인 1971년 이전에 비해 확대보급된 1972년 이후에 급격히 감소하였으며 특히 1화기의 감소가 현저하였다.2. 이화명 나방의 1화기에 대한 2화기 유살량의 상대비율은 지리산 부근의 산간지와 추풍령 이북지방에서 높고 기타지방에서 낮은 경향을 보였으며 통일계 신품종이 보급된 1972년 이후 그 비율이 점차 높아지는 현상을 나타내었다. 3. 이화명나방의 $50\%$ 유살일은 1,2화기 공히 동남해안지방에서 늦었고 중서부로 갈수록 빨라지는 경향을 보였다. 4. 1977년 이후 3개년간의 2화기 유살량, 2화기의 1화기에 대한 유살량의 상대비율, 그리고 2화기 $50\%$ 유살일에 있어서 추풍령을 경개로 남북간에 뚜렷한 생태적 층화현상을 보였다. 5. 2화기 증식량은 6월과 7월중의 평균기온과 부의 상관을 나타내었으며 6월중의 강우량과도 부의 상관관계가 있었다. 한편 1화기의 증식량은 전년 9,10,11월 및 동년 3월중의 온도와 각각 정의 상관관계를 보였으며 전년 9월초순의 강우량과 동년 3월의 강우량 및 5월의 습도와 각각 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 6. 이화명나방의 1,2화기 $50\%$ 유살일까지의 유효적산오도는 상${\cdot}$하 한림계온도 $30^{\circ}\~10^{\circ}C$의 범위에서 년차변이가 $5\%$ 이내로서 신뢰성 있는 추정이 가능하였으며 이 해충이 1새데 경과에 소요되는 적산오도는 $600\~900$ Day Degree $^{\circ}C$로 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2015

This study was performed to identify the effect of mixed bed soil on growth of aerial parts and root zone of daughter plants for nursery field strawberry seedling raising with expanded chaff. The plant height and leaf area of daughter plants were highest or largest in the mixed soil of ERH +RH (100:0, v/v), followed by ERH+RH (75:25). The higher the mixing ratio of RH, the shorter the plant height or the smaller the leaf area. A similar tendency was observed in fresh weight. Within a root diameter of 0-0.4 mm and a root height range of 0.4-0.8 mm, root surface area and volume were statistically significantly better with treatment of ERH+RH (100:0, v/v) compared to those of roots treated with ERH+RH (75:25), ERH+RH (50:50) and ERH+RH (25:75). The growth rate of aerial parts and root zone of daughter plants were noticeably lower in two mixing ratios of 50:50 and 25:75. According to the mixing ratios of ERH+CD surface treatment, the number of roots was greatest in plants treated with ERH+CD (80:20, v/v) and ERH+CD (85:15) on August 1. However, the number of roots was highest in plants treated with ERH+CD (85:15, v/v) on August 15. Root length was longest in the plant with no treatment, and drastically shortened from ERH+CD (90:10, v/v) in both surface and mixed treatment. Although root weight showed a significant difference in ERH+CD (90:10, v/v) treatment, its increase was gradual. The rate of root growth was highest in ERH+CD (85:15). These study findings suggest that the content ratios of mixed soil ERH+RH (75:25, v/v) or below and ERH+CD (85:15) are thought to be desirable for the production of high quality seedlings.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.155-170
• /
• 2018

본 논문은 현재까지 개발된 유전자편집 기술들의 작용기작 및 장 단점 등을 비교하고 이들 기술로 개발된 유전자편집(site-directed mutagenesis, SDN)작물들의 안전성 평가를 위한 분류 기준 등을 살펴보았다. 또한 2016년부터 2018년 5월 현재까지 발표된 유전자편집 식물 개발과 관련된 논문들을 조사하여 ZFN, TALENS, CRISPR기술별 발표 논문 추세를 조사한 결과 CRISPR기술을 적용한 연구건수가 절대적으로 많았다. 또한 애기장대와 벼를 대상으로 수행한 연구건수가 가장 많았으며, 담배와 토마토, 밀, 옥수수 등이 그 뒤를 이었다. 하지만 발표건수는 아직 1~2건에 해당하지만 대상 식물들은 주곡작물을 포함하여 화훼, 채소, 과수 등으로 다양하게 그 응용 범위가 확대되고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 특히 실용화 또는 향후 상업화를 목표로 한 연구건수도 해마다 증가하는 추세에 있으며 그 응용 범위도 유용단백질 또는 물질의 대량생산을 위한 대사공학 연구와 바이러스, 세균, 곰팡이 등에 대한 병저항성 작물의 개발, 가뭄 등의 무생물적 환경스트레스 저항성 작물, 수량이 증대된 작물 등의 개발에 집중되었다. 이 외에도 단위결실 토마토, 웅성불임성 이용 hybrid벼, 탈립 저항성 증진 등으로 응용 범위가 점점 다양화되어 가고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 미국 농무성의 동 식물 검역소에서 허가를 득한 CRISPR유전자편집 작물의 건수도 해마다 증가하여 조만간 이들이 국제 종자시장에 출시될 것으로 전망된다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.3-3
• /
• 2017

The question of how to establish sustainable agricultural systems has become as prominent as questions related to water, energy and climate change. High input/high output agriculture has brought with it many adverse effects; the massive deterioration of soil and water in both quantity and quality, increased greenhouse gas emissions and an increased prevalence of unsafe foods. Additionally, urbanization and climate change has worsened the shortage of farmland and reduced the supply of agricultural water. Given these challenges, maintaining, conserving and efficiently using agri-environmental resources, through fostering of sustainable agriculture, have emerged as key tasks in solving these problems. What is needed therefore is research, based on systematic and comprehensive empirical analyses, that can propose plans and methods for establishing an appropriate sustainable agricultural system. The empirical analysis of sustainable agricultural system is approached separately from economic, environmental and social aspects. An analysis of environment effect reveals that the available phosphate level is 1.3~2.1 times greater than the optimal amount in rice paddies, upland fields and orchards. Further examination has revealed that the excess nutrient is polluting both ground water and surface water. Analytical results for economic feasibility show that factors of production have been invested heavily in the rice crop. Under these conditions, sustainable agriculture, including low-input agriculture, appears to be a possible alternative that will facilitate simultaneous improvements in both economic feasibility and environment effects. Analysis results for sociality reveal that social factors include the value of producer, association and interior networks. Social conditions are comprised of leadership, consumers' awareness, education and conflict solutions. In addition, analysis as to the degree investments contribute to improving agricultural value added has revealed that the direct payment program is the most effective instrument. Experts confirm that economic feasibility can be improved by scientific and well-reasoned nutrient management on the basis of soil testing. Farmers pointed to 'economic factors' as being the largest obstacle to switching to the practice of sustainable agriculture. They also indicate 'uncertainty with regards to sustainable agriculture technology' as an impediment to practicing sustainable agriculture. Even so, farmers who believe environmental and regional issues to be the most pressing problems have expanded their practice of sustainable agriculture. The keys to establishing sustainable agriculture system are classified into the following four aspects. Firstly, from an economic aspect, the research indicates that agricultural policy needs to be integrated with environmental policy and that the function of market making based on the value chain needs to be revitalized. Secondly, from an environmental aspect, there is a need for an optimal resource management system to be established in the agricultural sector. In addition, sustainable agriculture practice will need to be extended with attendant environmentally-friendly and sustainable intensive technology also requiring further development. Thirdly, from a social aspect, green agriculture management needs to be fostered, technology and education extended, and social conflict mediated. Lastly, from a governance aspect, it will be necessary to strengthen good governance, assign and share suitable roles and responsibilities, build a cooperation system and utilize community supported agriculture.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2005

한반도 남서부 저지대의 식생변천사를 밝히기 위하여 영산강유역 범람원 퇴적물의 화분분석과 AMS 측정을 실시하였다. 그 결과 BS 1. 12,222cal BC$\sim$9,160cal BC: 냉온대 북부/고산지 침엽 활엽혼합림, BS 2. 9,160cal BC$\sim$4,210cal BC: 냉온대 중부/산지 낙엽활엽수림, BS 3. 4,210cal BC$\sim$125cal BC: 냉온대 남부/저산지 침엽 활엽혼합림, BS 4. 125cal BC$\sim$현재: 난온대/냉온대 남부/저산지 침엽수림의 식생변천과정을 밝힐 수 있었다. 소나무림의 증가는 4,210cal BC부터 이며 벼농사 개시 시기는 2,120cal BC부터 집약적으로 이루어지기 시작하였음을 밝혔다. 또한 후빙기 후기 소나무림의 급격한 증가는 농경의 집약화와 관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한지리학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.691-705
• /
• 2009

한국 동해안 경포호에서 보링한 두께 660cm의 퇴적물로 식물규소체(phytolith) 분석을 행하여 Holocene 기후 및 환경 변화와 농경의 특성을 밝혔다. 분석 결과 기저부에서 지표층까지 여섯 개의 식물규소체 분대가 구분되었다. PAZI은 약 5,000년 BP를 전후하여 온난, 건조하였고 이후 냉량, 습윤하였다. PAZII(4,000-2,000년 BP 경)는 온난하였으나, 건-습 환경이 교대로 반복하였다. PAZIII(2,000-1,000년 BP 경) 시기는 기장족과 재배벼를 포함하는 규소체가 다량 산출하여 온난, 습윤한 기후환경에서 농경이 확대되었음을 지시한다. PAZIV(1,000-500년 BP 경) 시기에는 냉량, 건조하였고 이후 PAZV와 IV시기에는 짧은 시기동안 다시 온난, 건조 및 냉량, 습윤한 환경으로 변화하였다. 경포호의 화분분석 결과와 유사하게 식물규소체 분석 결과에서도 농경은 PAZIII시기를 중심으로 약 2,000년 BP 경 확대되었으나 재배벼(Oryza sativa) 중심의 벼농사는 다소 후기에 확대되었다.

• 한국전자거래학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.37-64
• /
• 2022

인공지능의 사회적수용도가 증가하면서 머신러닝 기법을 기업에 적용하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 머신러닝 기법의 선정에는 주로 정확성이나 해석 가능성 등 기술적 요인이 주로 기준이 되어왔다. 그러나 머신러닝 채택의 성공은 개발부서, 사용부서, 리더십과 조직문화 등 경영관리 요인도 영향을 주기도 한다. 아쉽게도 기술적 요인과 경영관리적 요인이 함께 고려된 머신러닝 선정의 성공 요인을 이해하는 통합 연구가 거의 존재하지 않는다. 이에 본 논문의 목적은 기업 내 머신러닝 선정을 이해하기 위해 John Rice의 algorithm selection process model과 task-technology fit, 그리고 IS Success Model 이론을 결합한 기술-경영관리 통합 모형을제안하고 실증적 분석을 하는 것이다. 머신러닝을 도입한 국내 기업 240곳을 대상으로 설문 분석을 실시한 결과 알고리즘 품질과 데이터 품질이 높을수록 문제-알고리즘 적합성에 높게 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 문제-알고리즘 적합성은 조직의 생산성과 혁신성에도 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증되었다. 또한 외주화와 경영진 지원이 머신러닝 시스템 품질에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 데이터 중심 경영 및 동기화와 같은 조직문화 요인은 활용성과에 높은 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.490-498
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of Korean kimchi in Singapore. A questionnaire was given to male 236(43.0%) and female 313(57.0%) college students residing in Singapore. The results are as follows: 86.9% of the participants answered that kimchi is Korean in origin, and 48.7% had eaten kimchi. Also 75.2% of the males and 65.2% of the females had purchased commercial kimchi at restaurants(p<0.05). Regarding the primary reason they purchased commercial kimchi, 62.1% responded 'its taste'(male 58.1%, female 65.0%), also 47.6% stated the package size was 50g(male 44.8%, female 49.7%). Among the kimchi they had experienced, 86.7% had eaten Baechu kimchi, 31.0% Mu kimchi and 30.9% Oi kimchi(males : 82.2% Baechu kimchi, 30.9% Oi kimchi, and 27.4% Mu kimchi, females: 90.0% Baechu kimchi, 33.6% Mu kimchi, and 26.2% Oi kimchi respectively). For their kimchi preference, 67.0% preferred Baechu kimchi, 9.4% Oi kimchi, and 7.1% Mu kimchi(males: 63.4% Baechu kimchi, 12.9% Oi kimchi and 5.4% Mu kimchi, females: 69.5% Baechu kimchi, 8.4% Oi kimchi and 6.9% Mu kimchi, respectively). After having eaten kimchi, 19.3% answer it tasted good, and the primary reason for liking kimchi, 'spicy and hot taste'(51.3%), The main reasons for not liking kimchi were the odor(garlic, ginger, anchovy juice, etc) and too spicy, respectively. Regarding improvements for its expanded consumption 32.0% answered 'not to improve', 18.0% answered 'don't make it too hot', 17.6% answered 'don't make it too salty', and 9.4% answered 'don't make it over-ripe'. For the overall perception of kimchi, the answer with the highest mean(3.95) was 'kimchi is a good side dish with cooked rice', which was significantly different than 'kimchi is delicious'(M=3.14, p<0.05).

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국균학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
• /
• pp.21-21
• /
• 2014

A edible mushroom, Hypsizygus marmoreus is commercially cultivated in Northeast Asia. Japan's annual production is 110,000ton or more. Since 2002, cultivation is expanded in Korea. To investigate the morphological, cultural and microscopic characteristics of Hypsizygus marmoreus, 109 isolates were collected from Korea and other countries. Clamp connection, chlamydospore and arthrospore were present in all tested isolates of H. marmoreus except HYM-002 and HYM-004. Also pilealtrama, gilltrama, basidia, basidiospore and cystidia of fruiting body were no difference among the isolates in the present investigation. Morphological characteristics of fruiting body was that color of pileus was brown and white, irregular as marble, the average size 12~22mm and stipes was $46{\sim}91{\times}6{\sim}10mm$. Isolates HYM-031, HYM-047 and HYM-109 formed grayish-brown pileus with a faint pattern. Molecular analysis with RAPD and ITS rDNA sequence analysis were also performed to check the genetic relationships among H. marmoreus isolates. Based on the RAPD analysis using the URP-PCR, all isolates of H. marmoreus were clustered into large 3 groups but more than 90% showed high similarity. In addition, morphological and geographical differences have been classified as an independent cluster. The brown and white strains enclosed in same cluster. So genetically no significance difference was observed between these two strains. ITS gene sequences of 16 selected isolates which were 640 bp long, were aligned and compared. The similarity in ITS sequence was 94.8 to 99.1% among tested isolates and the H. marmoreus isolates in GeneBank. In conclusion the tested isolates were H. marmoreus. Morphological and molecular observations proved that all tested isolates were belonging to H. marmoreus. For the stable artificial cultivation, composition of optimum media, mature period and light condition were established. Optimal formula of artificial cultivation medium was Douglas sawdust: corn cob: soybean meal: wheat bran = 40:30:15:15. In addition, 7% rice bran and 3% yellow sucrose was the most effective composition for spawn's liquid medium. For the maturation of the isolates was favorable for growing for 20 to 30 days at $25^{\circ}C$ and the LED lights in mixture of white and blue was good for growth period. For effective growth, the temperature, humidity and aeration control in every step was important.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.101-119
• /
• 2000

Agricultural Extension Services in Korea have accomplished a significant role in self- sufficiency of rice, a national staple food, through green revolution in 1970's; supplying green vegetables even during the winter season through white revolution in 1980's; and establishing technical agriculture by organizing rural leaders and 4-H members. In 1990s changes were made in international situations under the Uruguay Round multilateral trade negotiations and inauguration of the World Trade Organization. This was followed by localization of the extension staffs and the functions of extension services in Korea changed dramatically from national government to local governments. Thus, a weakened national function resulted in loosening of the linkages of research and extension in central government and local extension offices. Difficulties were reported in diffusion of new agricultural technology and efficient management of extension personnel. Developmental tasks for better extension services for the 21st century in Korea would include recovering national functions of agricultural extension, and developing a new paradigm for extension service. This should include the following measures; 1) Cooperative extension service should be adapted to involve national as well as local governments and non-government organization. 2) The target groups for extension services should be expanded to include farmers, noel residents as well as urban consumers. 3) The role of the extension service should cover agricultural technological diffusion of innovations as well as managerial skills and leadership development for rural organizations. 4) Extension services should be introduced to small farmers as well as consultation services for advanced farms. Diversified approaches should be employed for mama effective services. 5) Pre-service as well as in-service education should be offered to secure better extension educators equipped with knowledge, understanding and abilities on agricultural technology, information, agricultural philosophy, instructional methods and communication skills.