• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.25
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• pp.227-240
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• 2016

This study aims to examine how visitors in science centers interact with gesture-based exhibits from embodied cognition perspectives. Four gesture-based exhibits in two science centers were selected for this study. In addition, we interviewed a total of 14 visitor groups to examine how they perceived the property of gesture-based exhibit. We also interviewed four experts to further examine the benefits and limitations of the current gesture-based exhibits in science centers. The research results indicate that the total amount of interaction time between visitors and gesture-based exhibits was not high overall, implying that there was little of visitors' immersive engagement. Both experts and visitors expressed that the current gesture-based exhibits tend to highlight the novelty effect but little obvious impacts linking gestures and learning. Drawing from the key findings, this study suggests the following design considerations for gesture-based exhibits. First, to increate visitor's initial engagement, the purpose and usability of gesture-based exhibits should be considered from the initial phase of design. Second, to promote meaningful interaction, it is important to sustain visitors' initial engagement. For that, gesture-based exhibits should be transformed to promote intellectual curiosity beyond simple interaction. Third, from embodied cognition perspectives, exhibits design should reflect how the mappings between specific gestures and metaphors affect learning processes. Lastly, this study suggests that future gesture-based exhibits should be designed toward promoting interaction among visitors and adaptive inquiry.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2021

Science museum are dealing with exhibits on field of changing science and technology, and previous research suggested that exhibits replacement should carried out at least every 5 years. In order to efficiently replace exhibits within a limited budget, various studies analyzed visitors' preferences to exhibits. Recently, studies use various technologies to collect the data on visitors' preferences automatically, but almost of studies had a high dependency on their visitors such as visitors needed to carry specific sub-devices in the museums for gathering data. As complementing the limitations of previous research, this study introduces the improved method which is able to automatically collect and quantify visitors' preferences to exhibits using TensorFlow, a deep learning technology. By the proposed analysis method, it was possible to collect 2,520 data of visitors' experience on exhibits in totality. Based on collected data, attraction power and holding power indicating the preference of visitors on exhibits were able to be calculated. The result also confirmed antecedent research conclusion that the attraction power and holding power of the exhibit which consists of 3 dimensional structures work are higher than other exhibits. As a conclusion, the proposed method will provide more convenient data collection method for detecting visitors' preference.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.107-128
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• 2020

In this study, the present state and characteristics of VR exhibits currently exhibited in Korea, Hong Kong, and Japan were studied to derive the improvements in the domestic VR exhibits. The previous literatures on VR exhibits at Science Museum were reviewed and online and offline data were collected, analyzed and compared. As the result of the study, VR exhibits at Science Museum in Korea turned out to focus on interest and fun rather than containing scientific content, and exhibits aimed at recreational play and physical activity. The Hong Kong Science Museum VR exhibits are more physically targeted exhibits than the cognitive target exhibits. In addition, at the Japanese Science Museum, there are many exhibits aimed at the physical target exhibits. As the result of classifying VR exhibits into the similar types, it was possible to derive them into four characteristics. The implications for future KOREA VR museum exhibitions were discussed.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.95-123
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• 2008

As a medium for communication on science and technology, science museum could be important to adults who finished formal school education. By analysing all the exhibits at the National Science Museum and conducting a face-to-face interview survey toward 100 adult visitors, based on the PEP / IS model's perspective(Kim, 2007), this study aimed to find a way to induce many adults to visit science museum from the information consumer's viewpoint, not the information provider's one. The result was that most of the exhibits were not related to problems which people focused attention on. About half of visitors, therefore, did not relate their problems with exhibits and responded that there was no relationship between exhibits and their everyday life. However, they had an idea that science and technology could contribute to solving their problems. These findings could suggest that first, science exhibits in relation to people's focused problems or issues are to be developed, second, programs for parents who are accompanied by their children are to be developed, and last, adults' engagement in planning the science museum exhibits is to be considered.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2022

This study compares the characteristics of a compact TiO₂ (c-TiO₂) powdery film, which is used as the electron transport layer (ETL) of perovskite solar cells, based on the manufacturing method. Additionally, its efficiency is measured by applying it to a carbon electrode solar cell. Spin-coating and spray methods are compared, and spray-based c-TiO₂ exhibits superior optical properties. Furthermore, surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) exhibits the excellent surface properties of spray-based TiO₂. The photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) is 14.31% when applied to planar perovskite solar cells based on metal electrodes. Finally, carbon nanotube (CNT) film electrode-based solar cells exhibits a 76% PCE compared with that of metal electrode-based solar cells, providing the possibility of commercialization.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.152-159
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to explore characteristics of natural history museum exhibits from the viewpoint of science education. A total of ninety exhibits for this study were examined in national science museums of Korea and Japan. Exhibits of Tokyo national science museum were again divided into two groups: the old and traditional types, and the new and renovated ones. Even though analyzing data was not undertaken through quantitative statistical process, the interpretation of the data was valid enough to fulfill the purpose of the research. While there were clear changes and differences between the old and the new types of exhibits in Tokyo national science museum, the old part of Tokyo museum was similar to one in Korea. Based on analyzing the new types of Tokyo museum, the current movement in the field of natural history museums of Korea explicitly has toward utilizing more science education concepts and ideas.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1251-1268
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• 2012

This study investigated several cases of interactive learning mediated by exhibits in a natural history hall during visits by middle school students. Five visiting cases were selected, in which visitors engaged actively in the interactions between them. Each visiting case was analyzed in terms of visiting discourse register and the modes of interaction in order to understand both visitors' meaning-making processes through the discourse flow and the characteristics of visiting discourse according to the features of exhibits. Results were as follows. The information provided in the exhibits was used as THEMEs in visitors' discourse and the visitors presented their information on the THEMEs as RHEMEs. The visitors made their own meaning for the exhibits by exchanging their information with each other. Interrogative sentences on the exhibit panels allowed visitors to make arguments. Similar exhibits displayed together helped visitors to compare those exhibits. These two features of the exhibits facilitated visitors' meaning-making processes in the natural history hall. The modes of interaction between visitors mediated by the exhibits showed that the information itself from the exhibits as well as visitors' opinion on the exhibits were frequently used as the elements for in-depth cognitive social interactions that allowed the visitors to construct meaning. Based on these results, we discussed that understanding in detail how visitors choose information from exhibits and construct visiting discourse is very important to improve visitors' collaborative science learning at a natural history hall.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.142-151
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• 2004

This study was designed to determine whether visitor behavior at science museums differs across various exhibit styles and between Family and Non Family groups. Eight exhibits in the natural history sections of the national science museum located in Daejeon were identified to have distinctive characteristics and styles. At each selected exhibit, visitor behavior was observed for an hour. An average of eighty people stopped by each exhibit. Descriptive analyses of visitors behaviors showed that: 1) families spent more time than non-family visitors; 2) families paid more attention to exhibits, for instance, they talked and commented about the exhibits; 3) exhibit characteristics related to holding power and attention span; 4) families more frequently visited exhibits related to school curriculum rather than ones that looked attractive, fun or novel. Visitors did not play with sensory simulation types of exhibits as much as expected. This implicates that exhibit style does not guarantee long visitors holding time and attracting power. Non-significant results are explained in terms of environmental and exhibit-related factors. Several potential factors including visitor factors, setting factors, and exhibit factors are discussed and explored with topics proposed for future study.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.45-48
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• 2008

Using these systems, additional information on the paintings and exhibits may be provided in the forms of text, image, speech, and video However, at museums and exhibitions, many tourists are often interested in exhibits of some particular style, authors, or coteries. The proposed Augmented Reality based guidance system may guide the users to exhibits of their interest for selective viewing. Location of the next exhibit of interest may be informed to the users as well as additional multimedia information on the exhibits of interest Such information is shown on the Augmented Reality views of the user's display device. The proposed system is composed an Ultra-Mobile PC (UMPC), an inertia tracker, and a camera. In the beginning, the user may select his/her preference on the exhibits from the menu, and then the system starts guiding by showing the relative orientation, distance, and visual cue to find a next exhibit. When the user finds and locates the matching visual cue within a matching box of the display screen, the system provides multimedia information on the exhibit. According to the preliminary user test, the proposed system is convenient and useful for navigating through large-scale exhibition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.301-305
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• 2000

The present study is part of the Special Research Project for the Construction of a Kansei Sensory Evaluation Model that is currently underway at the University of Tsukuba. In this study, a robot was operated by remote control at an actual art museum as part of a preliminary experiment. The results obtained therefrom were used to consider how people might view exhibits. In a previous study, a standard lens and s wide-angle lens were used to analyze differences in sensory-based movements, while VRML was used to analyze differences in these movements between a virtual and an actual museum. In the present study, the time delay in remote operation, which is currently unavoidable, placed some restrictions on the degree of freedom with which exhibits could be viewed, but it was apparent that sensory evaluation could be possible depending on the search behavior and viewing time. Furthermore specific viewing behaviors using the robot were observed, suggesting that new Kansei sensory perceptions were derived from these behaviors.