• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.110-115
• /
• 2004

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of light intensities on the growth responses, carbohydrate contents and the characteristics of leaf gas exchange in Miscanthus sinensis and Pennisetum purpurascens. The plant height and leaf length were increased to about 30% in the sun. However, those were reduced severely in the shade, and leaf necrosis was also observed. The representative growth index and the dry weight of 2 species were 50% higher than shade and the rate was reduced according to the decrease of light intensities. Total carbohydrate contents showed very similar changes to that of dry weight. However, any notable influences were observed at above the light intensities of 250~500${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ in the half shade. The size of spikes and the earliest spiking appeared in the sun and the spike color was decolorized as decreased in light intensities, irrespective of species. Photosynthetic rate of 2 species was 2 times higher in the sun than those in the shade, and it showed the typical photoresponses of sun plant. Stomatal conductances and intercelluar $CO_2$ concetration showed similar changes to that of photosynthetic rate. On the contrary, vapor pressure deficit was increased more in the shade than in the sun.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.234-242
• /
• 2013

Different CAD systems are used in ship outfitting design on different usage and purpose. Therefore, data exchanges between CAD systems are required from different formats. For data exchange, boundary representation standard formats such as IGES and ISO 10303 (STEP) are widely used. However, they present only B-rep representation. Because of different CAD systems have their own geometry format, data exchanges with design intend are difficult. Especially, Tribon and PDMS use primitives for express their geometry in ship outfitting design. However, Tribon primitives are represented their parameter by values that are non-parametric. Therefore, data size of catalogue library is bigger than different CAD system using parametric primitive representation. And that system has difficulty on data reprocessing. To solve that problem, we discuss about shape DB which contains design parameters of primitive for exchange Tribon primitives. And geometry data exchange between Tribon and Shape Database that defines based on PDMS scheme are specified using primitive mapping that can represent design intend.

• 한국동물학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.163-171
• /
• 1981

CHO 세포를 재료로 ENU와 MNU를 여러농도로 처리한후 시간 경과에 따른 염색체 이상율을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) ENU와 MNU에 의한 염색체 이상 빈도는 처리 후 시간의 경과와 농도에 따라 상이한 현상을 나타냈다. (2) ENU 처리군에서는 염색체 이상형은 염색분체 절단이 대부분이었으나 고농도군 ($10^-3 M$)에서는 처리 후 24시간에 염색분체 교환이 염색분체 절단을 능가하였다. (3) MNU 처리군에서는 염색체 이상형은 염색분체 절단이 대부분이었으나 $10^-4$ M 이상에서는 처리후 12시간부터 염색분체 교환이 염색분체 절단을 능가하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.75-89
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that determine daily financial resources interchange between adult children and their parents. The data were drawn from KLIPS(Korea Labor and Income Panel Study), vol. 5(2002). From this dataset, one thousand eight hundred and thirty six adult children's households that had interchanged with or transferred financial resources to or from their parents were selected for this study. The results of this study were as follow: First, when compared to non-interchanging households, the households that interchanged financial resources with their parents tended to have a household head who is economically active, and had relatively plenty of financial resources. Second, the amount of the transaction was much larger for the adult children's households that were reciprocally interchanging financial resources with their parents than the households that transferred resources one-way, either taking from or giving to parents. Third, the main determinants of interchanges with their parents were the household head's demographic characteristic(sex, age, and education) and residential area what affected the amount of the exchanges, on the other hand, were the household head's demographic characteristic(sex, age, and education), household income, and assets.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.26-32
• /
• 1997

To evaluate the cytogenetic toxicity, of cadmium and the reducing effect of selenium or zinc on cadmium toxicity, the induction of SCEs in cultured human lymphocytes by the concentraion of 0.5 $\mu$M to 16.0 $\mu$M of cadmium chloride and those of cadmium chloride combined with sodium selenite or zinc chloride 1.2 $\mu$M, respectively was investigated. The induction of SCEs by cadmium chloride in the range of 0.5 $\mu$M to 16.0 $\mu$M increased in a dose-dependent manner. A notable increase in SCEs by sodium selenite as well as zinc chloride was also observed. However, the frequency of SCEs by cadmium chloride was inhibited by the simultaneous addition of sodium selenite and zinc chloride 1.2 $\mu$M, respectively. The mitotic index significantly decreased in higher concentration of cadmium chloride but not was significantly different in any concentration of cadmium chloride with the simultaneous addition of sodium selenite or zinc chloride. The results showed that the decreased additive SCE effect was observed when induced by the combined treatment which could suggest that sodium selenite and zinc chloride have a protective effect on cadmium chloride.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2007

This paper presents the effects of an increase or a decrease of a power reserve by load flow calculations under the seasonal load patterns of each country for the future power shortages faced by the metropolitan areas or by the southeastern area of South Korea in North-East Asia. In this paper, the various cases of the power system interconnections in Far-East Asia are presented, and the resulting interconnected power systems are simulated by means of a power flow analysis performed with the PSS/E 28 version tool. Data for simulation were obtained from the 2-th long term plan of electricity supply and demand in KEPCO. The power flow map is drawn from simulated data and the comparative study is done. In the future, a power flow analysis will be considered to reflect the effects of seasonal power exchanges. And the plan of assumed scenarios will be considered with maximum or minimum power exchanges during summer or winter in North-East Asian countries.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.156-159
• /
• 2002

이온교환은 이온성 물질을 제거하는 가장 신뢰성 있는 단위공정일 뿐만 아니라 재사용의 측면에서 매우 경제적이다. 특히 이온교환은 토양화학 분야에서 지난 한 세기 동한 수많은 연구가 진행되어 왔으며, 여러 가지 수처리 공정에 널리 이용되고 있다. 이온의 선택도는 이온의 수화반경과 용액의 농도, 이온의 원자가에 따라 좌우된다. 본 연구는 양이온 평형실험과 칼럼실험을 통해 이온들의 선택도 순서와 바탕음이온에 따른 특성을 조사하였다. 양이온의 선택성은 농도가 낮을수록, 이온의 원자가가 높을수록 증가하였다. 평형실험의 양이온 선택도 순서는 $H^+$ < $K^+$ << $Cu^{2+}$ < $Co^{2+}$ < TEX>$Ca^{2+}$ << $Ce^{3+}$ 이며, 칼럼흡착에서도 선택도 순서는 동일하였다.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.199-209
• /
• 2004

The main purpose of this study is to explore a social capital paradigm which can be applied to many forms of social capital and intangible goods. The social capital paradigm introduces a new form of capital. This new form of capital produces a flow of socio-emotional goods that have value. Moreover, these socio-emotional goods can attach themselves to the objects used to convey them and change their value and meaning. This change in value and meaning is defined as attachment values. Exchanges of socio-emotional goods occur in networks where social capital resides. Formal and informal institutions provide order and meaning to exchanges of tangible and intangible goods. Social capital is a powerful resource that makes our choices interdependent. The social capital paradigm does not alter or contradict the basic economic theories of exchange. While the social capital paradigm accepts that selfish preferences motive many actions, it adds that sympathy and the desire to consume socio-emotional goods are powerful motivators. In case of marine affairs, ocean and fishing villages and their culture have been not only a fundamental basis of fisheries development but they also have made a great deal of contribution to forming social capital. In spite of this fact, the main reason that the problems of fisheries fishing villages fishermen in our society are kept at a distance is because they have been loosing their capability of forming social capital and producing socio-emotional goods, in addition to lowered relative economic share.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.93-98
• /
• 1988

To elucidate the reaction mechanism of ginseng protein on its antiradiation activity, its effects were studied on sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) induced by UV irradiation in CHO-KI cells. When cells were irradiated with 254 nm UV light at the dose of 0 to 8erg$\textrm{mm}^2$, the frequencies of CSE were increased more than two fold. However, when radio protective ginseng protein was added to the cells before the after UV irradiation, SCE frequencies were decreased significantly at all UV doses in both cases with no significant differences. As the amount of ginseng protein was varied from 100 to 500 .mu.g/ml, with UV irradiation at 60 erg$\textrm{mm}^2$, SCE frequencies dropped sharply at the first two concentrations and then reached a sort of plateau in both cases of pre-and post-treatment. When the ginseng protein was treated alone without UV irradiation, there were no changes in SCE frequencies no matter when the protein was added. There results suggest that the ginseng protein could reduced DNA damages, which may play an important role in the reaction mechanism of radioprotective activity of the protein.

• Acta Via Serica
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.125-146
• /
• 2019

This paper deals with the question of the origin of polo. Although it is a sport that has been mainly active in the West since the nineteenthcentury, it is well known that British troops in the northern part of Pakistan learned about the sport from the local people there. Most agree that the origin of polo is Iran. However, in this paper, rather than specifying a specific area as the birthplace of polo, it is argued that polo was a cultural phenomenon commonly found on the Silk Road. This is based on the fact that polo has been known for centuries in China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan, as well as throughout Iran, northern India, Tibet, Central Asia, and the Uighur Autonomous Region. Yet, the transmission of polo cannot be traced chronologically according to the supposed propagation route. This cultural phenomenon has changed over a long period of time according to the local environment, and the change was caused by mutual exchanges, not by one party. Therefore, there are limitations to interpreting cultural phenomena linearly. Thus, the origin of polo could also be identified with another area, namely Baltistan in modern day Pakistan, instead of Iran. These results support the argument that to understand Silk Road civilization, a process-centric approach based on 'exchanges', not a method of exploring archetypes to find 'the place of origin', should be utilized. Polo is undoubtedly an important cultural artifact with which to read the Silk Road as a cultural belt complex, as well as an example of the common culture created by the whole Silk Road.