• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1089-1108
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop a wandering management guideline for family caregivers of community-dwelling elders with dementia (EWD). In the first stage of the study, focus group and individual interviews (n=10) were performed to analyze family caregivers' experiences about wandering of the EWD under their care. In the second stage, preliminary contents for the guideline were made based on the interview results of family caregivers and reviews of literature. Final version of the guideline with 86 items was established after experts' review using the Content Validity Index analysis. In the final stage, a pilot test was conducted to evaluate the guideline using a sample of 13 family caregivers of EWD. Family caregivers were educated about how to use the guideline and asked to complete a set of questionnaire to examine their knowledge about wandering, degree of application of the guideline, and satisfaction with the guideline. Family caregivers' knowledge score was significantly improved (p=0.014) and the average scores in the process evaluation (9 items) and user satisfaction (7 items) about the guideline were 2.69-3.46 (range: 1-4), and 2.85-3.38 (range: 1-4), respectively. Further study with a large random sample is necessary to confirm the results of this study.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.123-140
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• 2007

This study focuses on establishing theoretically-reasonable framework of evaluation areas and items for the informatization program and analyzing the weights for each area and item by means of the AHP. To obtain the goal of this research, firstly, based on broadly reviewing previous literature and logical reasoning, the evaluation criteria were Identified and conceptualized, which were 3 evaluation phases, 5 evaluation areas, and 22 evaluation items. Secondly, The data used for calculating the weight values for the evaluation criteria were collected from 48 academic and practical experts in the field of the informatization program promotion using internet survey. Thirdly, the relative weights among evaluation phases, evaluation areas, and its items were derived by AHP analysis. The findings of this study are thought not only to be useful as a practical guideline in performing evaluating the informatization program but also to provide significant basis for constructing the theoretical framework of evaluating method and management of the informatization program.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.10
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• pp.896-908
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• 2014

The electrical medical device market have been expanded since the public interest in healthy living that has deepened together with the global health trend of the aging population. The external hand-held ultrasonic probe is a frequently approved medical device and it is commonly used in the clinical field. However, there is no obvious standard or a guideline in Korea on regarding evaluation of performance of such external hand-held ultrasonic probe for approval and quality management. In this study, local and foreign reference standards were reviewed to propose performance test standards and methods after conducting characteristic of probe, market, and permission status. In addition, such proposed test items were validated to develop a draft guideline that is internationally harmonized for performance evaluation. This study is expected not only improve the quality and performance of the external hand-held ultrasonic probe but also contribute to securing consistency of permission and evaluation works for approval.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

Purpose: As declines in the quality of residential environments occur, such as urban heat island effect, tropical night phenomenon, and violations of right to light and privacy due to urban densification and high rise building, these problems are emerging as social issues. In order to improve these issues, design factors which consider environmental aspects must be selected when planning apartment complexes, and ways to reflect them in the planning phase must be explored. Method: In this study, the analytical hierarchy process(AHP) was used to deduce design factors that considered environmental elements during the planning of apartment complexes. Furthermore, the priority and weight for each evaluation index were assessed. The objective was to propose a guideline for planning apartment complexes by finding the best solution for each evaluation index using complex weight values. Result: Floor area ratio was selected as the most important evaluation criterion in the environmentally conscious evaluation index for apartment complex planning. The shape and placement of skylights were selected as the most important evaluation criteria in the sunshine environment for a pleasant residential environment. Ground surface cover design was selected as the most important criterion in the outdoor thermal environment index for improving the microclimate within cities and apartment complexes. Thus, the results of this study can serve as an investigation guideline that concerns policy and regulations, and as reference data that can be used in planning apartment complexes.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.377-388
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• 2022

Objectives: For diagnosis and evaluation, evaluation tools are needed. Various tools can be used to diagnose and evaluate mental disorders. Among them, psychological tests are widely used. For Korean Standard Classification of Diseases (KCD) diagnosis, psychological tests are also required. Currently developed critical pathway (CP) presented tools for diagnosis and evaluation of mental disorders. The CP suggests the use of tools based on the Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG). Therefore, CPG-based tools should be able to be used in the clinical scene of Korean Medicine for diagnosing and evaluating mental disorders according to CP. Methods: Tools suggested by CPs are summarized. The degree of utilization of tools in CPGs is also summarized. A review was conducted by Korean Medicine neuropsychiatrist experts on tools and user's usage plan. Results: As a result, developed CPs suggested using 19 tools for anxiety disorder, 13 tools for insomnia), 12 tools for Hwabyeong, and 9 tools for dementia. In CPG, 48, 34, 44, and 44 tools were used for anxiety disorder, insomnia, Hwabyeong, and dementia, respectively. Among tools presented in CP, HAM-A, HAM-D, CGI, SAS, and TESS for anxiety disorder, CPG, ISI, and PSQI for insomnia disorder, CPG, STAI, and STAXI for Hwabyeong were frequently used in CPG. For dementia CPG, MoCA, MMSE, HDS, ADL, and ADAS-cog were frequently used. Among them, MoCA, ADL, and ADAS-cog were suggested tools in CP. Conclusions: As a result of analyzing tools suggested and used in the developed CPs and CPGs, it was verified that various tools were used in each study. Most of them were symptom and behavioral evaluation scales. Therefore, symptoms and behavior evaluation scales used more frequently should be able to be used in the clinical scene of Korean Medicine.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.161-186
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• 2014

There are many cases of rebranding and its numbers are growing. However, rebranding is still under research in the academic field, and there is no guideline on the effective way to change brand name. The objective of this paper is to integrate two inconsistent predictions from categorization theory and schema incongruity theory: a negative linear relationship (categorization theory) versus an inverted-U-shape relationship (schema incongruity theory) between brand name incongruity and consumer evaluation into one framework. Specifically, this study examines how the effect of incongruity between an existing brand name and a new brand name (hereafter called "brand name incongruity") on the new brand name attitude differs depending on a consumer's individual characteristics (need for cognition). The experiment demonstrates that consumers with a high need for cognition show a better attitude towards a new brand name when the brand name was rebranded moderately incongruent compared to congruent or extremely incongruent. Thus, the experiment demonstrates that there is an inversed U-shape relationship between brand name incongruity and new brand name evaluation for consumers with a high need for cognition. On the contrary, consumers with a low need for cognition show a better attitude towards a new brand name when the brand name is rebranded congruently compared to incongruent conditions (moderate incongruity and extreme incongruity). This result indicates that there is a negative linear relationship between brand name incongruity and new brand name evaluation. Key theoretical and managerial implications of the present study are as follows. This study integrates two alternative views of research on incongruity evaluation into one framework by demonstrating that need for cognition moderates the relationship between brand name incongruity and consumer evaluation. This present study provides a conceptual basis for understanding consumer evaluation towards a new brand name. Next, though rebranding is a very important decision making of brand management, there is no guideline on how to change a brand name. The findings of this research can suggest which degree of change is optimal when rebranding in order to utilize and strengthen existing brand equity. More specifically, when our target customer has high need for cognition, moderately incongruent rebranding can be optimal, whereas for those with low need for cognition, rebranding in accordance with existing brand name will be optimal.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.131-140
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of case reports from the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine. Methods Case reports were selected from the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine from January 2015 to April 2018, by utilizing Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS). The quality of the reports were reviewed based on the Consensus-based Clinical Case Reporting Guideline Development (CARE) guideline. Results Total of 13 case reports were finally selected for the assessment. 73.08% of the case reports included necessary information based on the CARE guideline but the rest of the reports did not. More than 50% of the reports were missing data regarding 'Timeline', 'Diagnostic challenges', 'Intervention adherence and tolerability', 'Adverse and unanticipated events', or 'Patient perspective or experience'. Also, the reports did not include 'Key word', 'Introduction in abstract', 'Case presentation in abstract', or 'The rationale for conclusions' information. Conclusions Case reports from the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine have important role in pediatrics. Efforts are needed to improve the quality of the case reports as well as to develop reporting guidelines for the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.81-90
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• 2000

There are a great number of difficulties without Interface Guideline, even though the utility of the web in the educational field has been increased. In spite of having a guideline there still remains problems, when the researcher develops a practical web design, because of uniformity and universality. The purpose of this research will give a good model and a guideline, developing a way of web-site assessment through psychological language. First, the researcher has to induce psychological language and recognize the relevance of the principle of device system. Second, they should build an assessment model based on an established system of classification. As a result, they recognized that an assessment model based on the system of psychological language can help in working out authentic design problems. The designer faces many difficulties when using Interface Guideline for the sake of the existing software developer because of specific terminology. On the contrary, these days, the guideline of psychological language system provides the designer with easy comprehension of language and also able to perceive problems in advance. In addition, the researcher can realize that it can be used, as a good source and data.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

Solvents can be used in the manufacture of medicinal products provided their residual levels in the final product comply with the acceptable limits based on safety data. At worldwide level, these limits are set by the "Guideline Q3C (R6) on impurities: guideline for residual solvents" issued by the ICH. Diisopropyl ether (DIPE) is a widely used solvent but the possibility of using it in the pharmaceutical manufacture is uncertain because the ICH Q3C guideline includes it in the group of solvents for which "no adequate toxicological data on which to base a Permitted Daily Exposure (PDE) was found". We performed a risk assessment of DIPE based on available toxicological data, after carefully assessing their reliability using the Klimisch score approach. We found sufficiently reliable studies investigating subchronic, developmental, neurological toxicity and carcinogenicity in rats and genotoxicity in vitro. Recent studies also investigated a wide array of toxic effects of gasoline/DIPE mixtures as compared to gasoline alone, thus allowing identifying the effects of DIPE itself. These data allowed a comprehensive toxicological evaluation of DIPE. The main target organs of DIPE toxicity were liver and kidney. DIPE was not teratogen and had no genotoxic effects, either in vitro or in vivo. However, it appeared to increase the number of malignant tumors in rats. Therefore, DIPE could be considered as a non-genotoxic animal carcinogen and a PDE of 0.98 mg/day was calculated based on the lowest No Observed Effect Level (NOEL) value of $356mg/m^3$ (corresponding to 49 mg/kg/day) for maternal toxicity in developmental rat toxicity study. In a worst-case scenario, using an exceedingly high daily dose of 10 g/day, allowed DIPE concentration in pharmaceutical substances would be 98 ppm, which is in the range of concentration limits for ICH Q3C guideline class 2 solvents. This result might be considered for regulatory decisions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.109-112
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• 2005

In this paper described is the basic concept of the Guideline for Post-earthquake Damage Assessment of RC buildings, revised in 2001, in Japan. This paper discusses the damage rating procedures based on the residual seismic capacity index R, the ratio of residual seismic capacity to the original capacity, that is consistent with the Japanese Standard for Seismic Evaluation of Existing RC Buildings, and their validity through calibration with observed damage due to the 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu (Kobe) earthquake. Good agreement between the residual seismic capacity ratio and damage levels was observed.