• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.431-445
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• 2022

The Gwangju Stream is a major tributary of the Yeongsan River. To maintain environmental and ecological functions in the stream, the flow is secured by natural water from the Mudeung Mountain as well as waters discharged from Lake Juam and the Gwangju sewage treatment plants. A substantial amount of water is supplied into the upper reaches of Gwangju Stream from Lake Juam. To examine the ecological effects of the water input from Lake Juam on the Gwangju Stream, a field survey of phytoplankton community species and an evaluation of water properties was conducted at five stations, from station GJ1 before the inflow to station GJ5 in the lower region. Nutrient levels decreased in the vicinity of the Lake Juam inflow, suggesting that this water inflow can contribute to the reduction of eutrophication in the stream. The phytoplankton community was mainly composed of Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, and Cyanophyceae, and the community structure was similar to that of the other study sites located near the water inflow regions. The inflow of water from Lake Juam can affect water quality and the phytoplankton community over a limited area, reducing eutrophication and increasing water flow in the Gwangju Stream.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.263-269
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• 1995

낙동강 하구를 대상해역으로하여 자생COD 농도를 구하기 위해 3가지 방법을 적용하고, 각 방법간의 적용성을 평가한 실험으로부터 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 낙동강 하구 해역의 부영양화도 평가 지수는 5.0-111.0로 부영양화 기준 지수 1을 훨씬 초과하여 과영양단계에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 낙동강 하구 조사해역의 총COD중 자생COD 비는 $0.5-44.9\%$의 범위였으며, 계절별로는 하계에 가장 높은 비율을 보였다. 지점별로는 하계에 정점 6에서 평가방법 평균 $43.5\%$로 가장 높은 비율을 나타내었다. 염분농도를 이용한 평가법은 낙동강 하구에서 하구언의 수문조작에 따른 하천수의 부정기적인 유입으로 인해 자생COD를 평가 하기에 부적절한 방법이었다 $\Delta COD$법과 COD와 Chl.a와의 상관성을 이용해 자생COD농도를 평가하는 방법은 하계 전조사해역에서 상대오차 $20\%$이내의 값을 보여 낙동강 하구 해역의 자생COD평가를 위한 적절한 방법임을 알 수 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 1983

Evaluation of water quality of Yeong San river and Seomjin river by using of newly simplified MBOD method was performed. Of course, thought that there is some differences between nutrient demands of heterotrophic bacteria and those of Algae which obtain it by photosynthesis, but it has little influence on evaluation of Algae Growth potential. The result of this study were as follows: 1) In both river, the value of Chemical analysis and MBOD method of inorganic salts reveals as nearly same result. 2) Though organic pollution of Seomjin river is less than that of Yeongsan but inorganic contamination is somewhat advanced BOD 2.8 ppm. and MBOD 340 ppm. in Seomjin river but BOD 22 ppm. and MBOD 480 ppm. in Yeongsan river. 3) Both river have tendency to reveal higher Nitrogen value is MBOD=MBOD -P

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

이번 연구에서는 식품 포장재로 많이 활용하고 있는 산소 고차단성 필름 두 종류의 환경 영향을 평가하는 것이었다. Table 4의 경우 환경 영향 모델에 따라 계산된 Traditional film과 New film의 각 환경 영향 범주 별 비교 값 및 이러한 차이를 보인 가장 영향력 있는 공정을 설명하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.469-479
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• 1995

The increase of population and industrial activities had brought into eutrophication in the Nakdong river. A remarkable acceleration of eutrophication brought about serious problems for water supply. Therefore, for the purpose of conservation of water quality in the Nakdong river it is necessary to control nutrients. MBOD method was use to evaluate algal growth limiting factor and algal growth potential in the Nakdong river from June to August 1994. The modified biochemical oxygen demand(MBOD) depends on the amount of available inorganic nutrient and organic substrate during 5 day incubation in the dark at 2$0^{\circ}C$. The MBOD assay depends on inorganic nutrients such as P and N as well as reduced carbon and called the MBOD, the MBOD-P, and the MBOD-N, respectively. The results of bioassay by MBOD(Modified BOD) method showed that the MBOD, MBOD-P and MBOD-N value were found to be in the ranges of 3.8~96.0 mg$O_2$/l, 5.6~94.0 mg$O_2$/l and 42.0~220 mg$O_2$/l, respectively. And the the bioassay value was found to be the highest in Koryong area and the lowest in Waekwan area throughout the Nakdong river. The variations of MBOD-P and MBOD-N value showed similar tendencies to the variations of phosphorus and nitrogen value, respectively. By MBOD method, the relationships of MBOD, MBOD-P and MBOD-N value were MBOD ≒ MBOD-P 《 MBOD-N. The MBOD value was nearly equal to the MBOD-P value, and the MBOD-N value was 3 to 20 times more than the MBOD-P value, approximately. Therefore, in the Nakdong river, phosphorus was the limiting factor for algal growth during summer season. The algal growth potential as the concentration of chlorophyll-a in the summer was maximum 5 times more than standing crop as it.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2008

The agricultural reservoir watershed plan suggests three specific indices or ways to measure the potential for maintaining reservoir quality in balance with existing or proposed uses: an index of the reservoir's vulnerability to accelerated eutrophication, an index of the degree of land use intensity in reservoir watersheds, and an index of present water quality. Three items that contribute to reservoir eutrophication are included in the vulnerability index: the ratio of reservoir volume to drainage-basin area, shoreline configuration, and mean depth. The watershed land-use intensity index is based on road proximity and upland watershed land-use intensity. Water quality can be given a COD level. All six indicators are considered separately and then rated as follow: low (1), medium (2), or high (3). Five out of 30survey sites were less than 8points, 17sites were less than 11points and 8sites were less than 14points. This study suggests that the sites in the first ranking were potential areas for preservation, sites in the second ranking were potential areas for environmental friendly planning and sites in the third ranking were potential areas for residential need oriented planning. The advantage of this study is the low cost of gathering data for the development of local policy for the planning, management and protection of reservoir basin.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.491-501
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• 2022

This study evaluated the contamination levels of inland pollution sources flowing into Taeanhaean National Park. The nutritional status of influents was assessed by analyzing water quality and trophic status index (TRIX) at 52 stations, and the contamination levels of sediments were evaluated by analyzing eutrophication cleanup index (CIET) and heavy metals at 36 stations. The results of the TRIX analysis showed that 26 of the 52 stations had influents with a TRIX value of 6-10 (poor water quality/very high trophic level), indicating atrocious water quality and high eutrophication levels. The results of the CIET analysis showed that 4 out of the 36 stations were highly contaminated with organic matter. Analysis of heavy metals showed that the copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) levels exceeded the threshold effects level (TEL) and probable effects levels (PEL) at several stations. In addition, the arsenic (As) level exceeded the threshold effects level at one station, and the levels of the other heavy metals (Cd, Cr⁶⁺, Ni, Pb, and Hg) were lower. Most inland pollution sources have been identified as small-scale, but long-term and continuous exposure can negatively affect the marine ecosystem; therefore, it necessary to prepare inland pollution source management standards and measures suitable for the characteristics of the coastal area.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

The phenomenon of sediment resuspension in rivers and lakes causes contaminants (heavy metals and nutrients) accumulated in the sediment to leach into the overlying water. As a result, it can lead to changes in toxic effects and eutrophication in the aquatic ecosystem. In this regard, it is important to quantitatively determine the amount of contaminants leached during sediment resuspension. In this study, methods for assessing the amount of released contaminants and the types of contaminants potentially released due to sediment resuspension were studied and summarized. Methods for assessing leaching can be divided into three groups based on the principle of causing resuspension: (i) the oscillating grid chamber method, (ii) the mechanical stirrer method, and (iii) the shaker method. It was confirmed that the types of contaminants that can potentially be released include heavy metals bound to sulfides, as well as exchangeable and labile forms of heavy metals and nutrients. To effectively manage stable aquatic ecosystems in the future, a simplified leaching test method is needed to assess in advance the risks (i.e., changes in toxic effects and eutrophication) that sediment resuspension may pose to aquatic ecosystems.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.258-271
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• 2010

방조제 완공 후 반폐쇄형 하구호 특성을 가지는 새만금호의 동수역학 및 수질변화를 이해하기 위하여 EFDC 모형에 상세격자를 적용한 수치모의를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 선행연구의 제한사항을 개선하고 배수갑문의 운영을 고려하였으며 수체-저질/대기간의 3상 모의가 수행되었다. Lagrangian 입자추적모의를 통해 새만금호 내부의 혼합이 갑문운영에 따른 영향보다는 만경·동진강의 하천유량에 지배되고 있음을 확인하였다. 방조제 완공 후 해수소통이 저하되면서 동진 유입부에서는 표층과 저층간 DO 농도 차이가 유발되며, 정체된 인공호 특성상 SOD도 호내빈산소 현상을 유발시켜 수질을 저해시키는 요인으로 작용하는 것이 확인되었다. 부영양화 상태를 나타내는 TSI 평가에 따르면 만경수로에서는 끝물막이 전·후에 상관없이 부영양화 가능성이 높게 나타나며, 동진수로에서는 방조제 완공 이후에 부영양화 발생 가능성이 높게 평가되었다. 배수갑문 운영과 연계된 수치모의 결과에 따르면 무작위적인 갑문운영이 내부 수질에 영향을 미치는 유의할만한 차이를 확인 할 수 있었다. 따라서 내부 개발 방안에 따른 최적의 수질확보에는 적절한 갑문운영이 수질관리에 중요한 인자로 작용한다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제46권11호
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• pp.1115-1128
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 충주호 유역을 대상으로 2차원 횡방향 평균 수리 및 수질모형인 CE-QUAL-W2를 이용하여 호소내 수온분포, 부유물질 및 부영양화 과정의 변화특성을 모의하고 모형의 적용성을 평가하는 것이다. 지형 및 단면자료 구축을 위해 충주호를 남한강 본류(branch 1)와 유입 경계부(branch 2~7)로 구분하여 격자를 구성하였다. 호소 수질모델링을 위한 주요 입력 자료로 기상자료, 호소의 수온과 탁도 초기조건, 하천의 유량과 수온, 수질 경계조건 자료를 구축하였다. 이후 실측된 수온, 부유물질(SS), 총질소(TN), 총인(TP), 조류(Chl-a)에 대하여 모형의 보정(2010) 및 검증(2008)을 수행하여 모형의 적용가능성을 평가하였다. 충주호의 수온은 4월부터 표층수온이 증가하여 7월초에 성층현상이 발생되고 12월에는 연직수온분포가 일정하게 유지되었다. 집중호우 발생 후에는 성층구조가 교란되어 수온약층이 약 10 m가량 하강하였다. SS는 수온과 동일한 패턴으로 집중호우 발생 후에 증가하다가 12월에 안정화되었으며, 2008년 7월에 발생된 중층밀도류의 분포 현상을 잘 재현하였다. TN, TP의 경우 농도의 범위를 잘 재현하였지만, 모형 내에서 질소성분의 침강속도 및 인의 흡착-침전과정이 적절히 모의되지 않아 오차가 발생하였다. Chl-a의 경우 2010년과 2008년 여름의 조류의 성장패턴을 잘 반영하였지만, 모형이 횡방향 평균 유속과 농도를 사용함에 따른 모형의 한계점이 나타났다.