• 좋은식품
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• 통권172호
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• pp.38-56
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• 2003

경상도 전통마른오징어 식해를 제조하여 GC와 GC/MS를 이용하여 향기성분의 원인물질을 분석, 동정하였다. 식해에서 동정된 물질 중에서 $\alpha-zingibirene$이 19.73mg/kg으로 전체 상대농도에서 가장 높았으며 (Z)-Di-2-propenyl disulfide, $\alpha-curcumene$, methyl allyl disulfide, (E, E)-$\alpha-farnesene$, pentanol, z-citral, 3-ethyl-1, 2-dithi-5-ene-$\beta-elemene$, $\beta-Elemene$, acetic acid 및 $\beta-phellandrene$의 함량 순으로 동정되어 이러한 성분들이 식해의 주요성분으로 나타났다. 식해의 향기성분은 hydrocarbone류가 49종, 알데히드류가 15종, 알콜류가 33종, 케톤류 및 에스테류 11종을 포함하여 총 162종을 동정하였다. 식해의 메탄올 추출물을 용매 분획하여 얻은 각 분획물의 전자공여능을 측정한 결과 $200{\mu}M$ DPPH radical을 $50\%$ 환원시키는데 필요한 SC50 값이 헥산과 물층에서는 효과가 나타나지 않았으며, ethylacetate 층은 $310.64\;{\mu}g/mL$, butanol 층은 $1096.49\;{\mu}g/mL$으로 나타났다. 혈압상승 억제효과를 살펴본 결과 헥산과 물 분획물에서는 전혀 효과가 없었으며 ethylacetate 층에서는 IC50이 1.623mg/mL, butanol 층에서는 1.303mg/mL의 저해효과를 나타내었으며, xanthine oxidase에 대한 $IC_{50}$은 ethylacetate 층은 3.591mg/mL, butanol 층은 2.083mg/mL로 나타났다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 1974

\circled1 분리선별한 Naringinase 생산균인 S-1 SP, 은 Aspergillus niger 이었다. \circled2 Naringinase중 정제된 naringin 용해화 효소를 aceton과 ammonium sulfate에 의해 결정화하였다. \circled3 Naringin용해화 효소와 naringenin 생성효소가 DEAE-sephadex A-50 column chromatography에 의해 분리되었다. \circled4 Naringin 용해화 효소에 의해 분해된 물질이 Thin layer chromatography에의해 확인되었으며 이물질은 ethylacetate 추출법에 의해 naringin분리 정량이 가능하였다. \circled5 Crude naringinase를 여름밀감 과즙과 병조림 탈고미에 이용하여 ethylacetate 추출법에 의해 naringin을 정량하고 식미시험 결과와 비교하였다. 본 연구에 많은 조언을 해 주신 경북대학교 농화학과 서정훈 박사님께 감사를 드립니다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.202-202
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• 1996

The antihistaminic action of eighteen herbal medicines was investigated by the radioligand binding and functional assays. The hexane fractions of Trichosanthis radix, Mori cortex radicis and Evodiae fructus dose-dependently inhibited [$^3$H]mepyramine binding to H$_1$ receptor and histamine-induced contraction in guinea-pig brain homogenates and isolated guinea-pig ilea, respectively. Antihistaminic action of the hexane and ethylacetate fractions of Mori cortex radicis and the hexane fraction of Evodiae fructus was more potent than their antimuscarinic action evaluated from the inhibition of [$^3$H]QNB binding and carbachol response. The ethylacetate and chloroform fractions and six known flavonoids from Scutellariae radix also inhibited histamine-induced contraction, but antihistaminic potencies of these fractions and compounds were almost identical with their antimuscarinic potencies. The hexane fractions of Mori cortex radicis and Evodiae fructus, as shown in ketotifen, inhibited selectively the increase of cutaneous vascular permeability induced by histamine. However, wogonin (SC-1) from Scutellariae radix was a nonselective inhibitor for the effect of histamine and serotonin on the vascular permeability. These results demonstrate that the hexane and ethylacetate fractions of Mori cortex radicis and the hexane fraction of Evodiae fructus have the selective histamine H$_1$ receptor blocking activities.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.204-209
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• 1994

The synthesis of N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methylester (Z-APM), a precursor of aspartame, from N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-aspartic acid (Z-Asp) and L-phenylalanine methylester hydrochlolide($L-PM\cdot HCI$) was investigated in a saturated-ethylacetate single phase system using immobilized thermolysin. Among the various supports tested, glyceryl-CPG was found to be most efficient for retaining enzyme activity. The enzyme immobilized onto glyceryl-CPG also showed the highest activity for Z-APM synthesis in saturated ethyl acetate. Z-APM conversion yield in saturated ethylacetate was half of that obtained in an ethyl acetate-buffer two-phase system under the same reaction conditions. However, as the mole ratio of $L-PM \cdot HCI$ to Z-Asp was increased to 4.0, the conversion yield reached 95 %. When continuous synthesis of Z-APM was canied out in a plug flow reactor (PFR) with 80 mM of L-PMㆍHCI and 20 mM of Z-Asp in saturated ethylacetate (pH 5.5), more than 95 % of Z-Asp was converted to Z-APM with a space velocity of 1.16 $hr^{-1} at 40^{\circ}C$. Although the operational stability in PFR was reduced rapidly, more than 80% of initial activity was maintained in CSTR even after a week of operation.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2000

In order to evaluate anti -oxidant activities and protective effect against oxidatve damage, DPPH radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were measured among methanol extracts prepared from natural medicinal plants. Fourteen natural medicinal plants which were reported to have anti -oxidative or anti-inflammatory effects were selected based on our previous report. In addition to the total methanol extracts, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water fractions were prepared from each total extract. DPPH radical scavenging assay was performed against 14 total extracts and all samples showed dose-dependent activities in various extent. Among those, 6 samples, methanol extracts of Euryale ferox, paeonia suffruticosa, Areca catechu var. dulcissima, Cinnamomun cassia, Alpinia katsumadai and Betula platyphlla var. japonica showed IC$\sub$50/ value lower than 6.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in ethylacetate fraction of paeonia suffruticosa with IC$\sub$50/ value of 1.1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Analysis of lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells revealed that the highest inhibitory effect was observed in methanol extract of Betula platyhpylla var. japonica. Lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity was observed as a dose-dependent manner in all samples used in this study. Among fraction samples, ethylacetate fraction of Alpinia katsumadai had the strongest inhibitory activity with IC$\sub$50/ value of 0.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1321-1325
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• 1999

The inhibitory effect of Ramaria botrytis on the mutagenicity in Salmonella assay and cytotoxicity on cancer cell were studied. Ramaria botrytis methanol extracts showed antimutagenic effects of 60~90% on B(a)P and AFB1 in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100. These extracts showed 73~85% antimutagenicity on TA100 against MNNG. The methanol extracts with strong antimutagenic activities were further fractionated by ethylacetate and water, the ethylacetate fraction were found to be stronger antimutagen icity against MNNG than water fraction. Ramaria botrytis methanol extracts and ethylacetate fraction revealed the highest cytoxicity against HT 29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells in which cell growth was inhibited by 57~88% and 69~94% at 0.25~1.0mg/ml, respectively. These methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction exhibited 53~79% and 66~87% inhibition against HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells, respectively. But water fraction showed only 10~24% inhibition. However, these extract and fractions did not show cytotoxic effect against human chang liver cells. From these results, it is considered that Ramaria botrytis has stronger antimutagenic and anticancer effects in vitro.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.291-295
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• 2012

We previously reported that Hydnocarpi Semen (HS) has a wound healing effect on diabetic foot ulcer lesion in mice. In this study, ethylacetate (EtOAc) fraction from HS extract were evaluated for their wound healing activity by using in vitro acute inflammation model. GC and GC/MS analysis shows that the main constituents in EtOAc fraction are chaulmoogric acid, hydnocarpic acid, and gorlic acid. EtOAc fraction activated macrophages to increase the production of TNF-${\alpha}$. The fraction also increased the production of TGF-${\beta}$ and VEGF, which induced fibroblast activation and angiogenesis. These results suggest that the mechanism that the fraction helps to enhance healing of skin wound is possibly associated with the production of TNF-${\alpha}$, as well as secretion of VEGF, TGF-${\beta}$ and HS may have a new bioactive material for the treatment of skin wound.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.380-386
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• 2013

This study was to investigate the chemical composition and biological activities of Pinus Koraiensis seed. The oil, moisture, ash, crude protein, and carbohydrate contents of P. Koraiensis seed were 58.21, 7.84, 1.56, 14.26, and 18.13%, respectively. The ratios of essential amino acid and nonessential amino acid against total amino acids were 36.6 and 60.3%, respectively. The saponification value of seed oil was 166.8 mg KOH/g oil. Among various fatty acids, the linoleic acid content was the highest, 35.5%, which was approximately 72.6% of polyunsaturated fatty acid. The ethylacetate extract of P. Koraiensis seed had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (62.8%) at 7.0 mg/mL, followed by hexane extract, methanol extract, and hot water extract. The maximum nitrite scavenging activity was obtained 59.3% at pH 1.2. The total phenolic concentration of ethylacetate extract was 98.7 mg/g, approximately 4.8 folds higher than that of the hot water extract. The maximum inhibition activities of elastase using ethylacetate extract and collagenase using hexane extract were 58.8 and 40.7%, respectively. These results indicate that P. koraiensis seed extract could be applied to present the possibilities of industrial applications for the developments of cosmetics.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.137-141
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• 2008

The present study reports the protective properties of a total methanol extract of B. platyphylla var. japonica against ultraviolet (UV)-C irradiation. Pretreatment of Chinese hamster fibroblast (V79-4) cells with a total methanol extract significantly increased cell survival following $300\;J/m^2$ of UV-C irradiation. The total methanol extract was further fractionated into 5 fractions: n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water fractions. Among these fractions, B. platyphylla var. japonica ethylacetate, butanol and water fractions showed significant protective effects against the cellular damage induced by UV-C irradiation. In order to elucidate the mechanism underlying this protective effect, DPPH (Editor note: abbreviations should be spelled out at first use.) radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were measured. Significant radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities were observed for the ethylacetate fraction. In summary, the present data demonstrate that an extract of B. platyphylla var. japonica has a significant protective effect against UV-C irradiation. The underlying mechanism of this protective effect may involve radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the B. platyphylla var. japonica extract.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2001

Helianthus tuberosus has been known to inhibit the growth of weeds and other plants sharing its habitat. This study was conducted to identify the allelochemicals of Helianthus tuberosus which were extracted with water and solvents. Aqueous extracts of leaf, stem, root, tuber and tuber peel of Helianthus tuberosus except tuber did not show significant differences in phytotoxicity to alfalfa seedlings. It was considered that Helianthus tuberosus contained fewer or less potential water-soluble substances that were toxic to alfalfa. Methanol extract of leaves of Helianthus tuberosus was sequentially partitioned in increasing polarity with n-hexane, ethylacetate and n-butanol. Each extract had a yield of 148, 12, 15.7 and 9.5g, respectively. Inhibitory effects on germination of alfalfa seeds treated with four fractions were not significantly different. But the significant reductions on hypocotyl length were observed for all the solvent extracts. Among the four fractions, the ethylacetate fraction showed the most significant inhibition effect on bioassay with alfalfa. Further separation of the active ethylacetate fraction by open column chromatography led to the 25 subfractions. In bioassay of each sub-fraction with alfalfa seeds, sub-fraction No. 13 showed the most inhibitory effect on seedling growth. $^1$H NMR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that sub-fraction No. 13 was the mixture of straight-chain saturated fatty acids.