• Toxicological Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2018

Animal experiments have been widely conducted in the life sciences for more than a century, and have long been a subject of ethical and societal controversy due to the deliberate infliction of harm upon sentient animals. However, the harmful use of animals may also negatively impact the mental health of researchers themselves. We sought to evaluate the anxiety level of researchers engaged in animal use to analyse the mental stress from animal testing. The State Anxiety Scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to evaluate how researchers feel when they conduct animal, as opposed to non-animal, based experiments (95 non-animal and 98 animal testing researchers). The Trait Anxiety Scale of STAI was employed to measure proneness to anxiety, namely the base trait of the researchers. Additionally, the information on sex, age, education, income, and total working periods was collected. While the Trait Anxiety scores were comparable ($41.5{\pm}10.9$ versus $42.9{\pm}10.1$, p = 0.3682, t-test), the State Anxiety scores were statistically significantly higher for animal users than non-animal users ($45.1{\pm}10.7$ versus $41.3{\pm}9.4$, p = 0.011). This trend was consistent for both male and female. Notably, younger animal testers (${\leq}30$ years of age) with less work experience (${\leq}2$ years) and lower income level (${\leq}27,000$ USD) exhibited higher anxiety scores, whereas these factors did not affect the anxiety level of non-animal users. The present study demonstrated that participation in animal experiments can negatively impact the mental health of researchers.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2014

본 연구는 임상실습을 앞두고 있는 간호대학생의 자기효능감, 전공만족도 및 간호윤리 가치관을 파악하고 상관관계를 비교분석함으로써, 학생들의 올바른 간호윤리 가치관확립을 위한 교육과정 개설에 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 본 연구의 대상은 C시 소재 두 개 간호대학생 275명을 편의 표집하여 구조화된 설문지를 통해 자료를 수집하였고 자료는 SPSS/WIN 18.0 program을 이용하여 t-test, ANOVA, Bonferroni 사후검정을 실시하였으며, 각 변수간의 관계를 분석하기 위해 Pearson's correlation coefficient를 산출하였다. 연구결과, 자기효능감, 전공만족도는 중간 이상이었으며 간호윤리 가치관은 의무주의 입장을 취하고 있었다. 그리고 자기효능감과 간호윤리 가치관, 전공만족도와 대상자영역은 매우 낮은 상관관계로 나타났으며 자기효능감과 전공만족도는 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 간호학생들의 자기효능감을 향상시키고 지속시킬 수 있는 교육프로그램을 다양하게 개발하여 간호전문직에 대한 만족도를 높이고 확고한 간호윤리 가치관을 수립하도록 하는 것이 절실히 요구된다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.661-668
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• 2020

임산부의 사망 원인으로 색전증이 발생하며, 이를 검사하기 위해 흉부 방사선 검사를 수행한다. 이외에도 분만 전 응급 수술을 대비하거나 기본 진단 등의 목적으로 검사가 수행된다. 실제 측정을 통해 태아 선량을 평가하는 것은 윤리적 문제가 따르기 때문에, 사전연구로 제작된 팬텀을 통해 흉부 후전방향 검사에서 임신 주 수에 따른 임산부의 장기선량 및 태아선량을 평가하였다. 모의실험 결과 임신 주 수에 따라 태아선량은 감소하였으며, 약 0.1 mGy의 선량을 나타내었다. 차폐를 사용할 때, 차폐 물성으로 밀도가 높고, 두께가 두꺼울수록 차폐 효과가 우수하며 차폐 물성과 두께에 따라 40 ~ 98% 선량이 감소하였다. 또한 완전차폐보다 단면차폐로도 태아선량을 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이후 다양한 차폐물성과 방법 등을 통해 태아선량을 줄일 수 있는 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2014

The practice of sustainability is an important subject to integrate into the management, product planning, manufacturing by textile and fashion companies as well as consumption by end-users. This study shows an evaluation scale designed to assess the practical cases in order to suggest efficient and systematic methods to fulfill the practice of sustainability in textile and fashion companies. First, companies should practice environmental sustainability to use eco-friendly material and cleaner production, protect the environment, and save natural resources. Second, social sustainability is required to fulfill social responsibility and ethical needs. Third, companies should perform various innovative activities, transparency in management, fair competition and economic contribution in the local community in order to maintain economic sustainability to survive in industry. Finally, cultural sustainability should be fulfilled by textile and fashion companies as part of the intellectual-cultural industry in a way that increases the importance of ethnic and cultural diversity. Textile and fashion companies should fulfill four environmental, social, and economic cultural sustainable subjects in a balanced method to accomplish sustainability. The concerns and practices of environmental sustainability are comparatively highly rated due to the analysis of the evaluation scale. However, cultural sustainability (a need of the times) is poorly rated and needs more attention. Therefore, the evaluation scale can be used as a standard tool to fulfill the sustainability of companies and brands from the viewpoint of improving poor and insufficiently sustainable items as well as balancing sustainability management.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.150-171
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• 1999

This study is aimed to systematize the contents of environmental education in the home education and to develop the environmental education. For this, this study firstly examined the characteristics and goals of home education and its relation to environmental education. Secondly, in the paradigm of environmental education this study analyzed the goals and contents of environmental education in the domain of home education which is included in the practicum subject of the 7th curriculum. Thirdly, this study examined the effective teaching and learning methods for home education and the considerations in organization of textbook contents which reflect these teaching and learning methods. Finally, this study suggested an example of textbooks which reflect all these considerations. It has been found out that: (1) the home education is based on the recognition of environmental problems related to home life, (2) the home education explains the environmental problems, and (3) the home education has its goals of acquring active attitudes and skills to solve these problems. In the teaching contents, the home education was analyzed to have the following concerning environmental education: the utilization of resources for food, clothes, and housing and home life, that is, the domain of ‘environmental sanitation’ related to food ingestion and sanitary life, the domain of ‘sound consumption life’ related to the utilization of resources and their consumption, and the domain of ‘environmental pollution’ on the prevention of every kind of pollutants in the home life. However, the environmental education in the home education according to the 7th educational curriculum has the distinctiveness from the contents of environmental education which were emphasized in the past home education. The distinctiveness are as following: (1)the resources matter is dealt with in the aspect of recycling various resouces from home life, (2)the prevention or reduction of pollutants in life which take the considerable part of environmental pollution is emphasized, (3)children's sensitivity In environment is emphasized to be developed, and (4)the importance of life is emphasized to be taught.

• 영어영문학
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.531-560
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• 2008

I hope to demonstrate in this paper the degree to which the works of Leonard and Virginia Woolf, mainly The Wise Virgins, The Village in the Jungle, and The Voyage Out, are contained within the politics of home. In doing so, I aim to challenge some mainstream criticism that affirms their resistance to British imperial desire. Although their statuses as outsiders in the British Empire, being a Jew and being a woman respectively, allowed Leonard and Virginia Woolf to criticize British imperialism and a male-dominated culture as well as racial and cultural hierarchies to a degree, their works inevitably unveil their prioritization of the British white-oriented space. In some ways their authorial positions in relation to their texts uphold the imperial center as an invisible regime of truth in their narratives, supporting the patriarchal and imperial binary oppositional structure and its hierarchical order imposed not only on the British subject but also on the foreign, colonial others. Leonard's and Virginia's inconsistencies and ambiguities betray their racial distantiation and notions of British white superiority, as disclosed in their racially stereotyped descriptions and the absence of real communication between the British characters and the colonial, foreign others. The work of self-repetition, the major mechanism in the politics of home, dies hard in Leonard's and Virginia's 'antiimperial' works. Leonard's and Virginia's struggle to stand against the imperial desire needs a genuine ethical position in order to embrace the Other, which would allow us to explore further and guard against the pitfall of postcolonial criticism's being easily degenerated into a neo-colonial criticism, another politics of home.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제39권
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• pp.287-308
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• 2015

Biographical film is a genre narrativizing the actual person and history, and reproducing the character and history in a biographical film is in a dimension different from a film focused on a fiction. Discussion between these methods of narrative composition and image reproduction in a biographical film is also, in line with artistic/aesthetic problems and ethical/philosophical theses of the film text. This study discusses the phase of the way of reproduction of the actual person, $Xi{\bar{a}}o$ $H{\acute{o}}ng$ in the biographical film, The Golden Era and the time she lived in a biographical film and how the audience's discussion of the film and socio-cultural discourse differ depending on their attitude towards the cinematic introspection of the text. The narrative structure, the method of image reproduction and cinematic devices of the film, The Golden Era are completely off the point of the general format of the traditional biographical film. In The Golden Era, $Xi{\bar{a}}o$ $H{\acute{o}}ng$ and the history which she lived in did not revive depending on an omniscient subject's selective statement and meta-film structure. Ann Hui removed general, mythic images of $Xi{\bar{a}}o$ $H{\acute{o}}ng$ formed in the field of traditional Chinese culture and reproduced her through multilateral visions of a real, fictional narrator. Each spectator's judgment and interpretation of the film intervene in the multi-layered and sparse descriptions of the actual person's images and the era of the characters. Through this, it is possible to approach the uniqueness and authenticity a historical character, $Xi{\bar{a}}o$ $H{\acute{o}}ng$ and to have an opportunity of multi-layered reflection on how to secure a critical distance and make a perception in historical judgment.

• 창의정보문화연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2019

스마트폰의 보급으로 인터넷이 학생들에게 일상화되어 역기능들이 발생하고 있다. 그러나 이에 대한 연구가 부족함을 발견하고 다각도에서 인터넷 윤리의식을 비교하여 향후 영재교육은 물론 정보통신윤리 교육의 방향설정에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 본 연구는 경기지역에 소재한 초등학교 학생 278명을 대상으로 하여 수행되었으며 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영재학생의 정보통신윤리지수가 일반학생에 비해 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 정보통신윤리지수의 성별에 따른 유의미한 차이는 없었으며, 농어촌에 비해 도시지역이, 저학년에 비해 고학년일수록 낮은 지수를 나타냈다. 셋째, 유해콘텐츠 접촉 경험에 대해 10% 내외의 학생들이 경험이 있었으며, 사이버 가해 경험에 대해 1% 내외의 학생들이 경험이 있다고 응답하였다. 본 연구결과를 통해 초등 고학년 단계에서 정보통신윤리 교육을 체계적으로 실시함으로 학교폭력예방, 정보통신문화 개선, 미래 직업윤리 강화 등을 도모할 필요가 있다는 시사점을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 윤리연구
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• 제78호
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• pp.61-88
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• 2010

이 연구에서는 제7차 교육과정의 도덕 교과서에 나타난 전통 윤리의 문제점을 제시하였다. 제7차 교육과정에서 고등학교 심화선택과목으로 『전통 윤리』 라는 교과서가 있는 것에서 알 수 있듯이 전통 윤리는 도덕과 교육과정에서 매우 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 그러나 도덕 교과에 서술된 전통 윤리의 내용에 대해서는 적지 않은 문제가 있다는 지적들이 있어 왔다. 지적된 문제들로는 백과사전적인 나열과 내용 중복, 내용 오류, 동양 윤리와 한국 윤리의 유기적 연결 부족, 유교로 편중된 내용, 현재의 내용으로는 도덕 교과가 목적하는 바를 성취하기 어렵다는 점 등이 있었다. 이 연구에서는 보다 근본적인 문제들을 제기하였다. 이 논문에서는 도덕 교과서에 나타난 전통 윤리의 문제를 네 가지로 제시하였다. 첫째 교과서가 정의하고 있는 전통 윤리의 개념 문제, 둘째 전통에 대한 반성의 결여, 셋째 전통 윤리를 만병 통치약으로 보는 반면 서양 윤리 내지 사상을 병으로 보는 인식, 넷째 전통 윤리를 서술하는 가운데에서 무수히 발견되는 오리엔탈리즘 또는 옥시덴탈리즘적 시각의 문제이다.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2012

This study assessed the amount of energy consumed and fat deposition after endurance training in order to review the effect of 4-week endurance exercise on resting metabolic rate of a mouse during and after exercise and the effect of exercise. A total of 19 seven-week-old ICR male mice were used as the study subject. Those mice were divided into sedentary group (Sed) and trained group (Tr) after a week of environment adaption. The Tr group was trained with endurance exercise five times a week for four weeks. Weight and the amount of food intake were daily weighed and resting metabolic rate and metabolic rate after exercise were assessed before starting exercise and on the fourth week after training. Metabolic rate during exercise were measured four weeks after training. At the end of breeding period, statistically significant difference was shown in weights of trained and sedentary groups (p < 0.05). During a resting period, no significant difference was shown in oxygen intake, respiratory exchange ratio, and the amount of carbohydrate and fat oxidized. Moreover, no significant difference was shown in excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of an hour period after training. In contrast, the maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max) was approximately 11.1% higher in trained group after training compare to before. However, there was no significant difference in respiratory exchange ratio and carbohydrate and fat oxidization. During exercise, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, and respiratory exchange ratio in energy metabolism during exercise showed no significant difference. However, significant difference was exhibited in the amount of fat oxidized in both groups. Summing up those results, endurance exercise could be concluded to be effective in weight control. However, weight loss is thought to be resulted from increase in fat oxidization during exercise unlike the conclusion made from previous studies where weight loss is prominently influenced by energy metabolism during a resting period and increased fat oxidation during post-exercise recovery. All experimental procedures were carried out at the Animal Experiment Research Center of Konkuk University. This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the Konkuk University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.