• 생약학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 1984

The investigation was aimed to study the effect of ginseng ethanol extract on the hepatic ethanol-metabolizing enzyme activity in vivo. The extract (100mg/kg/day) was administered orally to Sprague-Dawley rats for $7{\sim}10$ days and their microsomal ethanol oxidizing system(MEOS) and catalase activities were measured. The MEOS activity in the rat treated with the extract was not significantly different from that of the normal group. Microsomal fraction containing MEOS was separated and the MEOS activity was measured after preincubation for 5, 60 and 180 min, respectively. There were no significant differences in MEOS activities between the normal and treated groups preincubated for 5, 60 and 180 min. The activity in the rat treated with single i.p. injection of 95% $CCl_4$ (0.5ml/kg) was decreased by 48%, compared to the normal group and in the rat treated with the extract (100mg/kg) for $7{\sim}10$ days, the decrease of the MEOS activity was potentiated. Catalase activity in the rat treated with the extract (100mg/kg) was similar to that obtained from the normal group.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5799-5804
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• 2014

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the most widely used and studied method internationally for the local treatment of liver tumors. However, the extension of coagulation necrosis in one RFA procedure is limited and incomplete coverage of the damaged area can lead to a high local recurrence rate. Objective: In this study, we compared the effects of different solutions in enhancing hepatic radiofrequency by establishing a rabbit VX2 liver cancer model. We also determined the optimal solution to maximise effects on the extent of RFA-induced coagulation necrosis. Methods: Thirty VX2 tumor rabbits were randomly assigned to five groups: group A, RFA alone; group B, RFA with anhydrous ethanol injection; group C, RFA with 5% hypertonic saline injection; group D, RFA with lidocaine injection; and group E, RFA with a mixed solution. Routine ultrasound examinations and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the ablation areas were performed after RFA. Then, we measured the major axis and transverse diameter and compared the areas of coagulation necrosis induced by RFA. Results: The mean ablation area range increased in groups B, C and especially E, and the scopes were greater compared with group A. Preoperative application of anhydrous ethanol, hypertonic saline, lidocaine and the mixed solution (groups B, C, D and E, respectively) resulted in larger coagulation necrosis areas than in group A (p<0.05). Among the groups, the coagulation necrosis areas in group E was largest, and the difference was statistically significant compared with other groups (p<0.05). Pathological findings were consistent with imaging results. Conclusions: A mixture of dehydrated alcohol, hypertonic saline and lidocaine injected with RFA increases the extent of coagulation necrosis in the liver with a single application, and the mixed solution is more effective than any other injection alone.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.729-732
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• 2011

This experiment was conducted to clarify the antitussive effect of Fritillaria unibracteata Hsiao et K. C. Hsia. The antitussive effect in ethanol (75, 50, 30%) extracts from F. unibracteata was relatively high. The ethanol extracts of 20, 40 mg/kg concentrations were especially good antitussive effect. The ethanol extracts of F. unibracteata showed lower antitussive activities of 20~30% than sodium chloride injection used as a blank space control.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.285-292
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• 1991

에탄올의 급성적 및 만성적 투여가 흰쥐의 간 및 소뇌 중의 glutathione(GSH) 양상과 지질과산화물 수준에 미치는 영향을 알아 본 결과는 다음과 같다. 간조직에서는, 만성적 에탄을 투여 (6~9g/kg, per day, 10% 음료수로서, 4주간)에 의해 총 GSH 농도가 14. 5% 저하되었고, 산화형 GSH(GSSG)는 변화가 없었으며, 따라서 GSSG/총 GSH 비율은 증가하였다. 그러나 지질과산화 수준은 변함이 없었다. 급성적 에탄올 투여에 의해 간 조직 중 지질과산화 수준이 상승되고 총 GSH 농도가 감소함은 이미 보고되고 있다. 본 실험에서는 이와 관련시켜 급성적 에탄을 투여 (50mmole/kg, i.p.)후 post-hepatic 혈장 중의 총 GSH 수준을 측정한 결과 현저히 상승하였다. 이러한 GSH의 간에서 혈액으로의 유출은, GSH의 항산화적 소모 이외에도, 급성적 그리고 아마도 만성적인 에탄을 투여에 의한 간 조직 중의 총 GSH의 감소의 한 가능한 원인으로서 간접적으로나마 추정될 수 있겠다. 소뇌에서 는 급성적 에탄을 투여는 지질과산화 수준을 증가시켰으나 GSH 양상은 변화시키지 않았으면, 만성적인 경우엔 모두 변동시키지 못하였다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2003

Dieulafoy 병변은 비정상적으로 확장된 점막하 동맥이 소화관 내로 노출되어 발생하는 병변으로 위장관 출혈의 드문 원인이다. 저자들은 폐렴으로 입원 중 다량의 토혈과 혈변을 보인 9세 남아에서 상부 소화관 내시경으로 Dieulafoy 병변을 진단하고 순수 에탄올 국소 주사법으로 성공적으로 치료하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.132-138
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• 1999

A new binder system and debinding process for low carbon residue in the injection molding of Nd(Fe, Co)B powder are investigated. In the injection molding of magnetic materials, it is demanded to reduce carbon residue which deteriorates their magnetic properties. The binder system developed is composed of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and polypropylene (PP). PEG was selected as a major binder is component to be extracted in a molecular state by solvent extraction in ethanol, which step would leave no residue. PP was selected as a minor binder component to be subsequently removed by thermolysis which step would leave carbon residue. The behaviors of solvent extraction with the variations of PEG molecular weight, temperature, and time were examined. The dependency of residual carbon content on thermolysis atmosphere was also studied. Opened pore channels introduced in a green body by the solvent extraction and microstructures of the sintered magnets were observed using SEM.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2005

This study was performed to validate the procedure of transarterial embolization of the renal artery (TAE-RA) and sclerotherapy of renal pelvis using iohexol-ethanol solution in dogs with unilateral experimental hydronephrosis. Experimental hydronephrosis was induced by unilateral ureter ligation for 20 days in five Beagle dogs. Renal artery embolization with iohexol-ethanol solution was performed using selective catheterization technique in the hydronephrotic kidney and sclerotherapy was done by injection of the iohexol-ethanol solution through percutaneously placed pig-tail catheter. EKG, $SpO_2$ body temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate were within normal ranges during procedures. Average pure ethanol dose for renal artery embolization was $1.1\pm0.3ml/kg$. Renal artery embolization was confirmed by the detection of no blood flow signal at the interlobar and arcuate artery using color Doppler ultrasonography. There were no dogs expired after TAE-RA and sclerotherapy and no side effects associated with regurgitation of iohexol-ethanol solution. The value of BUN, creatinine, ALT, AST, Ca, P in five dogs were within normal range during the experiment period. Ultrasonographically, the mean longitudinal and transverse length and the depth of the embolized kidney significantly decreased at 28 days after TAE-RA. We may conclude that TAE-RA and sclerotherapy with iohexol-ethanol solution is an effective methods for the treatment of unilateral hydronephrosis in dogs.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2010

4가지 서로 다른 소재(대나무, 목재, 피탄, 석탄)로 제조된 10가지 활성탄에 대해서, 30% 알코올모델용액에 용해되어 있는 6가지 휘발성화합물(isoamyl alcohol, hexanal, furfural, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, 2-phenyl ethanol)의 흡착효율을 평가하였다. 이들 6가지 휘발성화합물은 알코올음료에서 종종 발견되며, 농도가 높을 경우에는 숙취의 원인이 될 뿐만이 아니라 위스키나 보드카와 같은 술에서 이취의 원인물질이 되기도 한다. 6가지 휘발성화합물이 용해되어 있는 30% 알코올모델용액 200 mL에 0.2 g의 활성탄을 넣고 16시간 일정한 속도로 교반한 후에 처리된 용액을 2가지 시료처리방법(direct liquid injection and headspace-solid phase microextraction)을 이용 GC분석을 수행하여 활성탄의 제거효율을 구하였다. 활성탄의 제거효율은 휘발성화합물의 종류와 활성탄제조의 소재에 따라 차이가 있었으며, ethy octanoate, 2-phenyl ethanol, hexanal에 대한 제거율은 34-100%로 높은 편이나, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl lactate, furfural의 제거율은 5-13%로 비교적 낮은 편이었다. 활성탄의 종류에 따른 제거율은 대나무활성탄인 A가 isoamly alcohol, hexanal, ethyl lactate, furfural 등 대부분의 휘발성화합물에 대해서 유의적으로 높았으며(p < 0.05), 특히 알코올음료에서 숙취와 이취물질이며 fusel oil의 주성분인 isoamyl alcohol, aldehydes(hexanal, furfural), 2-phenyl ethanol에 대한 흡착효율이 높은 것으로 확인되었다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2006

A study on the feasibility of using improved computer-controlled HPLC and GC systems was carried out to shorten the time needed for measuring levels of the substrates (glucose, maltose, and glycerol) and products (acetone, butanol ethanol, acetic acid, and butyric acid) produced by Clostridium saccharobutylicum DSM 13864 during direct fermentation of sago starch to solvent. The use of HPLC system with a single injection to analyse the composition of culture broth (substrates and products) during solvent fermentation was achieved by raising the column temperature to $80^{\circ}C$. Although good separation of the components in the mixture was achieved, a slight overlap was observed in the peaks for butyric acid and acetone. The shape of the peak obtained and the analysis time of 26.66 min were satisfactory at a fixed flow rate of 0.8mL/min. An improved GC system was developed, that was able to measure the products of solvent fermentation (acetone, butanol, ethanol, acetic acid, and butyric acid) within 19.28 min. Excellent resolution for each peak was achieved by adjusting the oven temperature to $65^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.443-448
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• 2006

For development of an on-line monitoring unit of fermentation process, an auto dilution unit based on traditional chemical and biological analytical method was developed and the performance was evaluated. The dilution unit was constructed with two syringe pumps and flow direction change valves and fully automated. Total delivery volume of two pumps using distilled water was measured to confirm the operating stability And diluted concentrations of three substrate solutions (glucose, lactic acid, ethanol) were compared with a standard method with a high performance liquid chromatograph (glucose, lactic acid) and gas chromatograph (ethanol). Relative error values of total delivery volume of the pumps were below 3% and standard deviation values were 0.003 (n=5). Relative error values of diluted concentration of the dilution unit measurements were below 2% with 1/10 of dilution ratio and 70, $80{\mu}{\ell}$ of sample volume conditions for glucose and lactic acid, 1/30 of dilution ratio and $70{\mu}{\ell}$ of sample volume conditions for ethanol, respectively. In case of the ethanol, cause of the evaporative characteristics, the relative error values showed over 5% whole experimental conditions.