• 약학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 1983

The effect of ginseng butanol fraction (total sponin) on the absorption rate of ethanol in rat intestine was examined. Ginseng butanol fraction showed inhibitory effect on the intestinal absorption of ethanol in situ as well as in vitro test. Ginseng butanol fraction markedly decreased the ethanol blood level, delayed onset time of ethanol effect and shortened sleeping time when it was adminstered orally together with ethanol. These results suggest that ginseng may alter the ethanol blood level by decreasing the intestinal absorption of ethanol.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.267-271
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• 1995

A single large dose of ethanol as well as chronic ethanol consumption produces alcoholic fatty liver in human and experimental animals. We examined the effects of YH439, a potential hepatoprotective agent, on alcoholic fatty liver generation in adult female rats. In rats treated with YH439 (250 mg/kg, po) 4 hr prior to a single dose of ethanol (6 g/kg, po), a significant decrease in hepatic triglyceride accumulation was observed. YH439 also has an inhibitory effect on hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation induced by repeated ethanol treatments for one week. Because it has been known that induction of alcoholic fatty liver is associated with lipid peroxidation and/or hepatic glutathione depression, the effect of YH439 on these parameters was determined in the livers of rats treated with ethanol. Coadministration with YH439 inhibited MDA formation and gIutathione depression induced by acute or repeated ethanol administration. In order to determine the effect of YH439 on ethanol metabolism in vivo, disappearance of ethanol from blood was measured. In rats treated with a single dose of ethanol (6 g/kg, po), the ethanol concentration in blood reached a peak approximately 120 min following the treatment which declined linearly for 18 hrs. YH439 had no effect on the decline of blood ethanol concentration regardless of the dose of ethanol given to rats. These results in this study suggest that YH439 has an inhibitory effect on fatty liver generation induced by acute or repeated ethanol consumption through a mechanism not directly related to the rate of ethanol metabolism in vivo.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.677-682
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• 2001

investigate action of ethanol on histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells, we compared the inhibitory effect of ethanol with those of calcium antagonists in mechanism of between ATP and compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Ethanol dose-dependently inhibited 100 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ ATP-induced histamine release, whereas did not inhibit 1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Verapamil, TMB-8 and EGTA dose-dependently inhibited ATP-induced histamine release, but did not inhibit compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Such an inhibitory effect of calcium antagonist was similar to that of ethanol. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of ethanol on histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells is mediated via disturbance of calcium mobilization..

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 1976

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of ethanol on the absorption, excretion and protein binding of sulfadimethoxine from the small intestine of the rat and rabbit. The results are as follows: 1. The rat small intestinal absorption of sulfadimethoxine was increased by 0.5% and 2% ethanol. 2. Blood level of sulfadimethoxine after oral administration was significantly elevated (p<0.01) by 0.5g/kg and 1g/kg ethanol respectively, but was significantly inhibited by 3g/kg ethanol from that of the control. 3. Ethanol gave the effect on the clearance of sulfadimethoxine, which was increased by ethanol from that of control. 4. In the protein binding rate, it was found that ethanol decreased protein binding of sulfadimethoxine except 0.1% and 0.5% ethanol.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.25-30
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• 1973

In 30 rats divided into salt, ethanol and salt plus ethanol groups, the effect of ethanol on the course of hypertension induction with the salt ingestion was studied. The results obtained from the present study are as follows. 1) In salt group mean arterial blood pressure elevated to plateau (about 140 mmHg) in two weeks and the increased blood pressure was well maintained throughout entire experimental period. 2) By four weeks after ethanol ingestion, mean arterial blood pressure of ethanol group was slightly decreased followed thereafter by slow restoration to control value. And it was believed that decline of blood pressure observed in this case probably was not resulted from cardiac depression. 3) As mean arterial pressure in salt plus ethanol group remained rather low compared with that of salt group, it was suggested that ethanol may have a dose reduction effect in the course of hypertension induction by excessive salt ingestion. It was, however, not possible from the result of present study to decide that low blood Pressure in this group was resulted whether from enhanced sodium excretion activity of ethanol or from effect on blood pressure of ethanol itself.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제15권1_2호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1979

It is well known that picrotoxin, an amaroid substance of Anamirta cocculus, is a classic stimulant on the central nervous system accompanying convulsive activity, and it liberates catecholameine from the adrenal mdulla through its central action to increase blood sugar level. Schou reported that lithium and alcohol have the similar inhibitory property on the $Na^+,\;K^+$-ATPase activity, and recently, the therapeutic efficacies of lithium on the alcohol withdrawal syndrome and the chronic alcoholics have been studied. Many studies about the hypoglycemic effect of lithium and alcohol were reported but the interaction between those hypoglycemic action is little known. Therefore, in this paper, the hypoglycemic effect of lithium and ethanol on the hyperglycemia induced with picrotoxin, and the interaction of them in those hypoglycemic action were investigated with reference to the anticonvulsive action of them. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The convulsive dose (: $CD__{50}$) of picrotoxin in mice was slightly increased by the pretreatment of lithium or ethanol. 2. The blood sugar level was markedly increased by picrotoxin but the level was sugar level was significantly decreased by lithium, ethanol or both. 3. The hyperglycemic effect of picrotoxin was significantly potentiated by the lithium pretreatment, but the potentiation effect of lithium was markedly suppressed by the additional injection of ethanol after lithium injection and more markedly suppressed by the premedication of ethanol before lithium injection 4. The hyperglycemic effect of picrotoxin was markedly inhibited by the ethanol pretreatment, and the inhibitory effect of ethanol was significantly strenthened by the additional injection of lithium after ethanol injection, but on the contrary, the inhibitory effect was completely disappeared by the premedication of lithium before ethanol injection.

• 약학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2002

To investigate the effect of intravenous ethanol administration on pancreatic exocrine secretion, we measured volume and protein amount in pancreatic juice and assayed amylase activity and phospholipase $A_2$ activity in pancreatic fragments and serum. Acute pancreatitis induced by obstruction of common bile-pancreatic duct (CBPD) and caerulein infusion (5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/hr) showed typical characteristics, such as hyperamylasemia and pancreatic edema and increase of phospholipase $A_2$ activity in pancreatic fragments and serum. Intravenous ethanol infusion (50 mg/kg/hr) significantly stimulated pancreatic exocrine secretion, but such a stimulatory effect of ethanol disappeared at dose of 100 mg/kg/hr without typical symptoms of acute pancreatitis. In microscopic examination, there were no typical changes of edematous pancreatitis in ethanol administrated rats. These results suggest that acute ethanol administration has dual effect on exocrine pancreatic secretion: low dose of ethanol (50 mg/kg/hr) stimulates pancreatic exocrine secretion, whereas high dose of ethanol (100 mg/kg/hr) does not without typical changes of edematous pancreatitis.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2003

물김치에 ethanol. 또는 유기산 중 adipic acid, citric acid, acetic acid을 첨가하였을 때 김치의 발효 지연효과를 pH, 산도, 미생물수의 변화를 측정하여 조사하였으며 동시에 ethanol과 유기산을 첨가한 이 김치의 기호성을 살펴보아 다음과 같음 결과를 얻었다. 물김치에 ethanol을 0~5% 첨가하여 pH 변화를 조사한 결과 ethanol 함량이 높을수록 pH의 저하가 지연되었다. ethanol은 특히 발효 초기에 pH 저하 지연효과를 보여 2$0^{\circ}C$의 경우 발효 초기에 ethanol를 첨가하지 않은 김치는 pH 5.7에서 4.13까지 감소하는 반면 ethanol 5%를 첨가한 김치에서는 pH 5.8에서 5.14로 약간 감소하는데 그쳤다. 산도의 경우도 ethanol 함량이 높을수록 산도가 낮게 나타났으며 ethanol를 첨가하지 않은 김치에서는 산도 0.7~0.8%까지 증가하였으나 ethanol 5%를 첨가한 김치에서는 산도가 0.5~0.6%로 산도 증가가 억제되었다. 물김치에서 유기산 종류와 농도를 달리하여 첨가하였을 경우 사용된 유기산 중 adipic acid 첨가시 가장 발효 지연 효과가 컸으며 adipic acid 농도가 높아질수록 pH와 산도 변화가 적었다. Ethanol 2%와 adipic acid 0.1%를 병용 첨가한 결과에서는 유기산만을 첨가한 효과와 유사한 경향을 보였다. Ethanol를 2% 첨가한 물김치의 미생물 변화는 발효 중반이후 미생물 수가 낮게 나타났다. 물김치에 위에 사용된 유기산들을 0.025~0.2% 첨가하였을 때 대체적으로 유기산의 함량이 높을수록 균수가 감소하였으며 유기산 중 adipic acid에서 총균수와 젖산균수의 억제 효과가 가장 컸다. 물김치에 ethanol과 adipic acid을 첨가한 경우가 미생물 균수가 억제에 가장 효과가 있었다. Ethanol과 유기산 농도를 달리하여 제조한 김치의 기호도를 조사한 결과 맛과 향에서 control과 ethanol 2%를 첨가한 김치는 알콜 내, 알콜 맛에서만 유의적인 차이를 나타낸 반면 ethanol 2%와 adipic acid 0.1%를 병용 첨가한 김치는 전 항목에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 또한, 전반적인 기호도에서는 control이 3.4점으로 ethanol을 첨가한 김치와 같은 기호성을 나타내었고 ethanol 2%와 adipic acid 0.1%를 첨가한 김치도 3.2점으로 유사한 기호성을 보였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 1985

The present study was undertaken in order to elucidate the effect of ginseng butanol fraction on ethanol induced hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity in rat. Ginseng butanol fraction increased the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which is inhibited by ethanol addition in the enzyme assay system, whereas not shown the ginseng effect in ethanol absence condition in vitro. It was found that ginseng butanol fraction improved the affinity of aniline hydroxylase under presence of ethanol in the reaction mixture. On the contrary ginseng butanol fraction showed significant decreasing effect on aniline hydroxylase activity induced by ethanol administration. These results suggest that ginseng butanol fraction regulate the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which is induced by ethanol consumption.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1006-1013
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• 1998

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of ethanol ingestion on 131ate metabolism and plasma homocysteine concentration in Sprague-Dawley male rats receiving 0, 10, 30% of their caloric intake as ethanol for S weeks. Diets containing 10% ethanol had no effect on plasma and red blood cell(rbc) 131a1e. However, in rats fed a 30% ethanol diet, rbc folate increased and plasma 131ate decreased significantly, In the rats maintained first on a 30% ethanol diet for S weeks and then on a control diet for 2 weeks, the levels of plasma and rbc f31ate were normalized by withdrawal of ethanol. Urinary fo1ate excretion increased markedly in rats fed 10% and 30% ethanol diets and decreased to 51% of controls by withdrawal of ethanol. Plasma homocysteine concentration increased significantly in rats fed a 30% ethanol diet. The results suggest that chronic ingestion of ethanol increased urinary 131ate excretion markedly, which may decrease plasma 131ate and deplete liver folate.