• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제29권7호
• /
• pp.721-728
• /
• 1996

The level of oxidative tissue damage caused by free radicals generated from ethanol oxidation was determined in the myocardium of chronic ethanol fed-rats and the protective action of various radical scavenging enzymes was monitored, also. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were given ethanol in an amount of 36% of total calories via Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet for 6 weeks. Control group was pair-fed with the diet containing isocaloric amount of dextrin-maltose instead of ethanol. Chronic ethanol administration resulted in the increased amount of myocardial thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS), th parameter of lipid peroxidation, under our experimental condition. Chronic ethanol ingestion did not cause any change in activities of either glutathione peroxidase or glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were decreased after ethanol treatment. Therefore, chronic ethanol administration seemed to cause considerble changes in cellular defense function against oxidative tissue damage in rat myocardium through glutathione utilizing system and radical generation system. However the ultimate net result of chronic ethanol inestion on the myocardium of rat was the oxidative tissue damage revealed by increased TBARS content.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.1171-1176
• /
• 2001

결명자의 에탄올 추출물이 고콜레스테롤 식이를 섭취한 횐쥐의 체내 지질함량에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 정상식이군, 고콜레스테롤 대조군, 고콜레스테롤 식이에 결명자 에탄올 추출물을 각각 0.25%와 0.5%씩 첨가하여 공급하는 실험군으로 나누어 4주간 사육한 후 혈청 및 간장의 지질 함량, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase와 malic enzyme 활성변화, 혈청 AST, ALT활성 및 지질과산화물의 함량의 변화를 조사하였다. 체중증가량과 식이섭취량은 추출물을 공급한 실험군에서 높았으나, 식이효율은 각 군간 차이가 없었다. 결명자 추출물군의 혈청 총콜레스테롤, 유리콜레스테롤, 중성지방 및 유리지방산 함량은 대조군에 비하여 감소하는 경향이었다. 간장중의 총 콜레스테롤과 중성지방의 함량은 고콜레스테롤 식이에 의하여 유의하게 증가하였으나 결명자 추출물을 첨가함으로서 증가된 간장 지질함량은 유의하게 감소하였다. 간장의 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase와 magic enzyme 활성 을 측정한 결과, 결명자 추출물군에서는 대조군에 비하여 활성이 유의하게 감소하였으며, 추 출물의 첨가농도가 높을수록 현저하였다. ALT, AST 활성 역시 결명자 추출물군은 고콜레스테롤 대조군에 비하여 감소하는 경향이었고, 간장 조직중의 지질과산화물 함량도 결명자 추출물을 첨가함에 따라 통계적 유의차는 없었으나 감소하는 경향이었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the synergic effect of dietary selenium and methionine levels on hepatic lipid metabolism in ethanol treated rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed diets containing three levels of methionine(0,3 and 9g/kg diet) with or without selenium(0.45mg/kg diet). Ethanol was administered with 25%(v/v) ethanol orally at the same time once a day in ethanol group and isocalori sucrose was administered to the control group. The rate were sacrificed after 5 and 10 weeks of feeding period. Glutathione content was decreased by ethanol treatment and significantly increased in proportion to level of dietary methionine and was higher in selenium deficiency group than that of selenium admin-istration group. Lipid peroxide content was significantly increased in deficiency of both methionine and selenium(LMet-Se+EtOH) group. Total lipid triglyceride and cholesteol contents in liver were increas-ed and phospholipid content was decreased in ethanol treated group and ethanol treatment accelerated those increment and decrement in methionine deficiency(LMt) group and excessive methionine admin-istration(HMet)group.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.364-369
• /
• 2005

The present study was conducted to evaluate effect of Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) on egg production and lipid metabolism in layer chickens. Forty-eight layers aged 42 weeks (strain RIR) were distributed to 6 treatment groups as follows. One group was fed diet without SAE as the control ($P_0$), and other five groups were fed diet plus hot water-extracted SAE at level of 9 g/kg diet ($W_9$), diet plus ethanol extracted SAE at level of 0.9 g/kg diet ($E_{0.9}$), diet plus ethanol extracted SAE at level of 1.8 g/kg ($E_{1.8}$), diet plus methanol extracted SAE at level of 0.9 g/kg ($M_{0.9}$), and diet plus methanol extracted SAE at level of 1.8 g/kg ($M_{1.8}$). It was shown that SAE inclusion significantly increased egg production (p<0.05). Methanol-extracted SAE groups had lower egg production than ethanol-extracted SAE group (p<0.05). SAE supplemented groups had better feed conversion efficiency than the unsupplemented group (p<0.05). It was shown that ethanol extracted SAE resulted in the lowest feed conversion efficiency among the SAE supplemented groups (p<0.05). SAE supplementation significantly reduced abdominal fat, gizzard surrounded fat, liver fat (p<0.05), serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, VLDL+LDL-c (p<0.01), atherogenic index (p<0.05), egg cholesterol and triglyceride (p<0.05), but it had no effect on mesenteric fat, sartorial fat and fatty liver score. In conclusion, SAE supplementation could increase egg production but reduced egg cholesterol.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 최근 다양한 생리활성으로 주목받고 있는 감귤과 피 추출물의 급여가 지속적인 알코올 섭취로 인한 알코올성 지방간 개선에 미치는 영향을 동물실험을 통해 조사하였다. 지방간 유도식이인 Lieber-DeCarli 액체식이를 공급하였으며, 액체 표준식이만 공급받는 동물군을 대조군(control), 대조군과의 열량 차이를 에탄올로 보충한 액체식이를 공급받는 동물군을 에탄올군(ethanol), 에탄올군과 동일한 식이와 감귤과피 농축액을 마리당 1 mL 혼합한 액체식이를 공급받는 동물군을 감귤과피 추출물 투여군으로 하여 그룹당 8마리씩 6주간 사육하였다. 실험 시작 전, 3주째 그리고 6주째에 혈액을 채취하였고 간은 6주 혈액 채취 직후 적출하였다. 체중증가율은 대조군과 비교하여 에탄올군, 감귤과피 추출물 투여군에서 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 혈액의 중성지방 농도는 대조군, 에탄올군, 감귤박 추출물 투여군의 순으로 높게 나타났고, 혈중 ALT, AST, ALP의 농도는 대조군과 비교해서 에탄올군에서 유의적으로 증가하였으나 감귤과피 추출물에 의해서 감소하였다. 영상촬영을 통한 간 조직의 지방구 양은 대조군에 비해 에탄올군의 간 조직에서 지방구가 축적되어 크기가 커진 것을 확인할 수 있었고 감귤과피 추출물 투여에 의해서 대조군 수준으로 작아진 것으로 나타났다. 이와 유사하게 간조직의 총지방 함량과 콜레스테롤의 농도는 알코올 투여로 유의적으로 증가하였으나 감귤과피 추출물 투여에 의해서 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 간 조직의 주요 지방 종류별 총지방산 비교에서도 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 인지질 분획의 대부분의 지방산 함량이 에탄올군에 비해 감귤과피 추출물 투여군에서 유의적으로 대조군 수준으로 낮아진 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 감귤과피 추출물이 알코올의 섭취로 인해 증가된 간 기능 지표 수준을 개선시키고, 간조직의 지방간 형성을 유의적으로 억제시키는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 감귤과피 추출물에 함유되어 있는 다양한 플라보노이드 성분이 알코올에 의한 지방 축적을 억제하고 간 기능을 개선시켜 지방간 증상을 완화시킬 수 있음을 증명하여 앞으로 감귤과피가 지방대사 개선 식품소재로서 이용가치가 높아질 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제40권8호
• /
• pp.684-692
• /
• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the effect of chongkukjang intake on lipid metabolism and liver function in ethanol consumed rats. Twenty one Sprague-Dawley male rats aging 4 weeks old were used as experimental animals, which were divided into three dietary groups; casein diet(CA), soybean diet(SB) and chongkukjang diet(CJ). Alcohol was consumed with water as 25%(v/v) ethanol solution. After 4 weeks of experimental period, rats were sacrificed to get blood and liver samples for analysis of lipids, lipid peroxides, antioxidative enzymes and biochemical indices of liver function. The mean body weight, food intake and liver index were not significantly different among three groups. Serum level of total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol of chongkukjang diet group was the lowest among three groups although the difference was not significant. HDL-cholesterol level was significantly(p<0.05) higher in chongkukjang diet group than that of casein diet group. LDL-cholesterol level of chongkukjang and soybean diet group was significantly(p<0.05) lower than that of casein diet group respectively. Liver TBARS of chongkukjang and soybean diet group was significantly(p<0.05) lower than that of casein diet group respectively. The superoxide dismutase activity of chongkukjang diet group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than that of casein diet group. Catalase activity was not significantly different among three groups. As indices of liver function, glutamic oxaloacetic transminase(GOT), glutamic pyruvic transminase(GPT), $\gamma$-glutamyl transpeptidase($\gamma$-GTP) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were not significantly different among three groups. Serum alcohol concentration and activities of alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) were not significantly different among three groups. The chongkukjang diet seems to give a beneficial effect for improving lipid metabolism by increasing HDL-cholesterol level and SOD activity while reducing liver TBARS level. However, effect on liver function has to be investigated further.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제37권10호
• /
• pp.872-880
• /
• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the effect of Puerariae radix-ethanol extracts rich in isoflavone on the antio-xidative system of rats. For this purpose, first, Puerariae radix was extracted with ethanol, and its total isoflavone and puerarin contents were analysed. Second, female Sprague Dawley rats were fed for 6 weeks with four diets which were based on AIN96G diet and supplemented with Puerariae radix-ethanol extracts to contain isoflavone. The isoflavone contents of four experimental diets were 0 mg, 500 mg, 1,000 mg, 2,000 mg per kg diet, respectively (control, P0.05%,P0.1%, P0.2%). Liver and erythrocyte activities of antioxidative enzyme such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase,glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) were measured. Also, plasma and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, liver glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentrations were measured. The total isoflavone content of Puerariae radix-ethanol extract was 3067.6 mg per 100 g extract and the content of puerarin was 2557.4 mg per 100 g extract. The erythrocyte activities of GSH-Px and catalase were higher in group P0.1% and P0.2%. But SOD activity of erythocyte did not show any difference by the Puerariae radix-ethanol extract supplementation in diet. The activity of SOD in liver increased significantly by the supplementation of extract, showing highest level in P0.1% group. The liver GSH concentration increased significantly in group of P0.05%, P0.1%, and P0.2% compared with control group (p <0.05). The GSSG concentration in liver showed no difference by the supplementation of Puerariae radix extract from the control group, except P0.2% group. The plasma MDA concentration did not show any significant differences by the extract supplementation. But the liver MDA concentration decreased by the extract supplementation, showing the lowest level in P0.1 % diet group. These results suggest that the supplementation of Puerariae radix-ethanol extract can inhibit lipid peroxidation in liver and enhance the antioxidative defense competence of rats.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.409-417
• /
• 1991

To investigate effects of chronic alcohol consumption and tocopherol on lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial respiration 48 male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into 4 groups. Each group received for 3 weeks one of 4 experimental diets: tocopherol deficient control (TDC), tocopherol deficient-ethanol (TDE), tocopherol-supplemented control (TSC) and tocopherol-supplemented-ethanol (TSE). Composition of the diets was based on the Lieber and Decarli liquid diet and $\alpha$-tocopherol was supplemented at the level of 30mg/liter of diet, and ethanol supplied 36kcal%. TDC and TSC were pair-fed to TDE and TSE, respectively. Increase of body weight of tocopherol deficient-ethanol group was the lowest and the effect was diminished with tocopherol supplementation. Respiration of liver mitochondria was depressed in ethanol-administered groups and the effect became larger with tocopherol deficiency. Hepatic lipid peroxide level was not influenced by ethanol, but hepatic tocopherol content decreased with ethanol treatment. The result indicated that, although lipid perroxide level was unchanged with chronic ethanol consumption, oxidative stress exists in tissues of rate administered ethanol and may be relieved by tocopherol supplementation.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.296-308
• /
• 2023

This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of Coriandrum sativum L. ethanol extracts in a high fat diet-induced obesity model (DIO). We confirmed the anti-obesity effects by analysing the expression of the related proteins, weight gain, dietary intake, dietary efficiency, blood biochemistry, histological analysis and western blot analysis. After oral administration of Coriandrum sativumL. ethanol extracts at concentrations of 250 and 500 mg/kg, a significant improvement in dietary efficiency, reduction in weight gain, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in blood lipid was observed for 8 weeks. In addition, improvement in blood glucose and metabolism confirmed through glucose tolerance test was observed. Further, the concentration of alanine transaminase (ALT) in blood was significantly decreased, which improved the fatty liver caused by high-fat diet intake as confirmed by liver tissue analysis. This phenomenon was confirmed to decrease the expression of fat accumulation-related PPARγ and FAS protein in the liver tissue. Especially, it is believed that FAS, a liposynthetic enzyme, has a stronger inhibitory effect than PPARγ. Therefore, Coriandrum sativum L. ethanol extract is thought to improve obesity by reducing blood lipids levels, improving glucose metabolism and inhibiting synthesis of the fat that accumulates in the liver in high-fat diet-induced obesity animal models.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.393-397
• /
• 1996

Sprague-Dawley male rats (150 g) were chronically treated with 5 v/v % ethanol admixed with nutritionally complete liquid diet and fed ad libitum for 3 weeks. Controls were pair fed with the isocaloric sucrose liquid diet. One half of each group was exposed to cold stress at $4^{\circ}C$ either for 24 h (for determination of mRNA by in situ hybridization) or for 48 h (for determination of enzyme activity). Chronic ethanol treatment (ethanol) did not affect tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA level in locus coeruleus (LC) of brain and adrenal medulla (AM) compared to controls. Cold stress showed strong increase of TH mRNA level in LC and AM compared to controls. Pretreated ethanol reduced the increased TH mRNA level by cold stress in LC and AM. Ethanol did not affect TH activity in LC and adrenal glands (adrenals). Cold stress increased TH activity in LC but not in adrenals. Pretreated ethanol did not reduce the increased TH activity by cold stress in LC but this result was not shown in adrenals. It is suggested that ethanol does not affect the message level and enzyme protein level for TH in LC and AM in normal rat. It is also hypothesized that pretreated ethanol reduces the magnitude of acute cold stress response, that is induction of TH mRNA in LC and AM, and does not reduce the increased TH enzyme protein that is also acute cold stress response in LC.