• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.199-212
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• 1995

The purpose of this study were (1) to find out if socio-demographic, resource, psychological, and socio-environmental variables have significant effect6s on environmentally concious consumer behavior and (2) to examine the independent influences of variables related to the environmentally concious behavior. the subjects were 384 housewives living in Kwangju. the data were collected by questionnare methods and analyzed through SPSS PC+ program. The findings were as follows : Environmentally concious behavior differed significantly according to family income, employment, attending a consumer education experience, knowledge about environmental conservation method, post-industrial consumer value orientation, awareness of the seriousness of environmental problems, feeling of efficacy about helping to solve environmental problems, perception of time limit, influence of reference group and the degree of interesting in environmental information. The most critical variable was influence of reference group, that is, environmentally concious behavior by friends and neighbors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.1197-1200
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• 2003

Urban subways usually make environmental problems because subway vibrations are transmitted to building structures. However, when the buildings are designed, vibrations due to subway are not usually considered in advance. This results in many environmental vibration problems after buildings are constructed. This study was carried out to set up and evaluate a pre-assessment technique for the environmental impact of urban subway vibration on newly planned buildings near a subway line. for this purpose, semi-emperical method was set up and vibration measurements were made on site in accordance with construction schedule. Computer simulation was also performed using ANSYS software to predict the building vibration and compared with the measured results for evaluation of the pre-assessment technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.43-46
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• 2003

The economy of I.R.Iran is so related to oil that has had many environmental problems especially air pollution in urban areas in recent years. Statistics show that most of the time, the condition of air quality is in crisis level especially during fall and winter seasons. Rapid and high population growth has had large amount of fossil fuels consumption in all sectors including transportation, industry, agriculture, residential and commercial and public services and air pollution and healthy problems. Iran＇s abundance of fossil fuel resources has tended to discourage the country＇s incentive to shift to cleaner alternative energy sources for its energy needs that must be considered in future programming. These are discussed in this paper.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.224-231
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• 2020

Objective: The objectives of this study are to update the information on the characteristics of humidifier disinfectant (HD) usage with HD associated health problems and to discuss the role of HD exposure assessment in the national program to monitor health problems in patients with HD associated diseases. Method: A total of 201 HD associated patients who registered to undergo clinical examination at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital was interviewed to acquire their responses regarding several HD use characteristics, including type of HD brands used, HD use duration, average daily HD use hours, and the volume of the room in which HD was used. The responses of the HD associated patients to HD use-related questions were compared between responses in the lung injury investigation and this study. Results: The responses of HD associated patients in this study were found to be different from those in the lunginjury investigation. In particular, some of the patients who had not answered in the lung-injury investigation were able to answer thanks to assistance from the investigator in this study. For their responses regarding the name of the most commonly used HD brand, the number of patients who did not answer (N=11) was reduced to eight in this study. Significant changes in the responses of study subjects to questions related to HD use were achieved through the interview in this study. Conclusion: This study found significant changes in the responses regarding HD use characteristics. HD exposure assessment should be included in the program in order to allow surveillance of HD associated health problems.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.51-78
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• 2014

Unlike traditional environmental problems, current environmental problems occur due to by complex reasons. These complexities highlight the importance of precise spatial based analysis and expeditive use of environmental information when an environmental problem arises. However, the traditional environmental information has many problems because they are mainly numerical based and scattered in various systems. To overcome these problems, providing integrated environmental spatial information is important. Thus, a research was conducted on establishing national environment atlas system and its implications for policies. Firstly, this study selects 275 out of 2,701 materials and information from Ministry of Environment and related organizations. Secondly, total 64 thematic maps specific business support are Produced to support establishment and implementation of environmental policies. In addition, the produced thematic maps are privatized. Thirdly, the study analyzes total 17 systems and environmental thematic maps of Ministry of Environment and relevant organizations to connect the information on the business support thematic maps. As a result, 1,314 applicable spatial information and 39,331 applicable database based on spatial information based are selected, and a standardization plan is established. Fourthly, the study suggests a stepwise implementation plan for developing a national environment atlas system. The development of national environment atlas system will help establishing an environmental policy based on more relevant and accurale information.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2024

Background: The present study aimed to analyze several aspects of the working conditions and health status of platform workers in the Republic of Korea, such as ergonomic and emotional hazards. We also compared the health status of the platform workers with that of the general population. Methods: A total of 1,000 platform workers participated in this survey from August 7 to August 17, 2022. The participants included 400 designated drivers, 400 food-delivery drivers, and 200 housekeeping managers. A face-to-face survey with a structured questionnaire was conducted by researchers who had received specific instructions. The focus of the survey extended to the work environment, encompassing factors such as workplace violence, as well as physical, chemical, and ergonomic hazards. Health-related data for the previous year were also collected, covering a range of issues such as hearing problems, skin problems, musculoskeletal symptoms, headaches, injuries, mental health issues, and digestive problems. Subsequently, we compared the health symptom data of the responders with those of the general population in the Republic of Korea. Results: Platform workers, including designated drivers, food-delivery drivers, and housekeeping managers, existed in the blind spot of social insurance, facing frequent exposure to physical and chemical hazards, ergonomic risk factors, and direct or indirect violence. The prevalence of health problems, including musculoskeletal symptoms, general fatigue, and depressive symptoms, in each occupational group was statistically higher than that in the general population after standardization for age and gender. Conclusion: The results revealed unfavorable working environment and inferior occupational health of platform workers compared with those of the general population.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.297-302
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• 2008

Urbanization has caused population influx into cities, creating housing problems, and housing developmental plans have often resulted in high-rise and high-density housing complexes. Such development have seldom incorporated the environmental factors associated with the complexes and the surroundings, just being busy in increasing the volume of the housing supplies, and as a result, various environmental problems, such as disruption of the air flow, reduction of sunlight exposure amount, and temperature rise, have occurred, deteriorating the living environments. Accordingly, the objectives of this paper are to find out the causes of the problems in the contemporary complex development plans from the urban environmental viewpoint through the investigative analysis of microclimate environment in those complexes, and, further, to present a residential complex planning technique and developmental direction so as to remedy the problems described above. Then a 3-D microclimate model 'Envi-Met' was employed to analyze and predict on the related issues, per the selected planning factors.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2008

Follow-up process consists of two steps. First, it monitors whether project proponents comply with reviews made by KEI. The second steps is to survey environmental impacts during and after implementation of the proposed action. The follow-up requires the proper participation of stakeholders: project proponents, compliance monitors, impact monitors, and environmental agencies approving and reviewing said projects. Currently, follow-up process does not work well because each stakeholder does not play his proper role for various reasons such as mutual distrust among stakeholders and problems associated with institutional settings. This study intends to improve effectiveness of follow-up process and, ultimately, to improve quality of EIA in Korea by devising a follow-up system that delineates clear roles and build a strong network among stakeholders. In order to do so, the study identifies current problems associated with follow-up process and examines basic concepts and procedures involved in it. Secondly, it analyzes relational dynamics among stakeholders to identify what's behind the current mutual distrust. Third, it proposes a way to delineate clear roles to each stakeholder so that follow-up process runs efficient as an organic network.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.405-416
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• 2011

An efficient two-level domain decomposition parallel algorithm is suggested to solve large-DOF structural problems with nonlinear material models generating unsymmetric tangent matrices, such as a group of plastic-damage material models. The parallel version of the stabilized bi-conjugate gradient method is developed to solve unsymmetric coarse problems iteratively. In the present approach the coarse DOF system is solved parallelly on each processor rather than the whole system equation to minimize the data communication between processors, which is appropriate to maintain the computing performance on a non-supercomputer level cluster system. The performance test results show that the suggested algorithm provides scalability on computing performance and an efficient approach to solve large-DOF nonlinear structural problems on a cluster system.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.182-190
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• 2007

Refrigeration and air-conditioning equipments are indispensable products in this civilized society. However, discharged refrigerants used in the equipments and exhausted carbon dioxide to drive the refrigeration and air-conditioning equipments are related to serious environmental problems and energy problems. Especially, the destroyed ozonosphere by the discharged refrigerants and the increased normal temperature by carbon dioxide and fluorocarbon refrigerants (green house gases) are sounded as serious global problems. For alleviating these problems, environmental-friendly refrigeration and air-conditioning equipments must be developed and will spread soon. To develop new equipment, a suitable refrigerant for each usage must be presented. In this paper, the current state of refrigerants was introduced. And, thermophysical properties of the refrigerants were introduced briefly. From the properties, the refrigerants and refrigeration cycles are promising to be used in the future, were proposed