• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.496-512
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• 2005

원자력 비상시 주민 보호조치에 대한 결정기준은 국제적으로 비용-이득 분석에 의해 산정된 일반개입준위와 일반조치준위를 사용토록 제안되어 있다. 운영개입준위는 이러한 일반준위를 직접 또는 쉽게 측정할 수 있는 물리량으로 나타낸 것이다. 비상시 보호조치의 필요성을 판단하기 위해서는 운영개입준위를 적용하고 수정하는 데 요구되는 환경감시 자료를 신속히 생산하는 것이 중요하다. 비상대응의 일환으로서 이를 위해 무슨 일들이 어떻게 수행되어야 하는지 고찰하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1999

Sleep is a necessity for survival. Disruption of sleep leads to numerous adverse physiological and psychological consequences. These could be particularly undesirable for older patients, who are subject to many additional factors. But there is limited research related to hospitalized elderly in Korea. The purpose of the study is to explore sleep patterns and disturbing factors of before and after hospitalization, in order to present basic information regarding elderly sleep to develop nursing intervention. The sample consisted of 32 elderly men and women between the ages of n and 87 years. Data collection was done from September to November 1997. Measures of sleep patterns and related factors were obtained from self-reported sleep questionnaires. Analysis of data was done by use of t-test, paired t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. In comparision between before and after admission of their sleep pattern, “sleep onset” tends to be delayed and nocturnal sleep time was significantly reduced. So, hospitalized elderly reported less total sleep time than before admission. 2. Regarding the sleep disturbing factors, medication(hypnotics ; 37.5%), physiological factor (snoring ; 59.4%) environmental factor (pillow ; 78.1%), emotional factor(anxiety related to disease ; 37.5%), and illness factor(fatigue ; 34.7%) were reported. 3. Significant differences in gender were found. Men had more disturbances in sleep than women owing to difficulty in falling a sleep and lack of nocturnal sleep. Women consumed more sleep inducing drugs. Significant increase was reported in napping during the day with increasing age. 4. Significant differences between good sleepers and poor sleepers were found for the following variables : nocturnal sleep time, total sleep time, bed time, sleep onset latency time, sleep latency time after nocturnal awakening, time spent in bed upon arousal, environmental factors, and emotional factors. In conclusion, it was found that the quantity and quality of sleep were significantly altered in hospitalized elderly, but adequate strategies for better sleep were not practiced. Further research is needed to develop Intervention strategies to promote sleep and to prevent sleep problems.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2020

무인 농기계의 출현으로 정밀 농업의 발전에 새로운 연구 콘텐츠가 등장했다. 무인 농기계의 핵심 기술 연구를 가속화시키기 위해 먼저 무인 농기계 지능 수준 분류가 일 차적 과제가 되어 왔다. 이에 본 연구는 무인 곡물 수확기, 작업, 운전 환경으로 구성된 복합 양방향 시스템을 연구 대상으로 하고, 무인 곡물 수확기의 지능화 수준을 등급화하고 분류하는 연구를 수행한다. 본 연구의 연구자들은 인적 개입 정도, 환경적 복잡성, 작업 복잡성으로 구성된 무인 곡물 수확기 차량의 평가 모델을 확립한다. 또한, 무인 곡물 수확기의 지능화 수준 등급화와 분류는 인적 개입 정도, 환경적 복잡성과 작업 난이도에 따라 이루어진다. 무인 농기계의 미래 발전 방향을 제시하고 있다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2022

Background: Nowadays, dental health problems in Indonesia are still quite high. It is one of which influenced by low public awareness of the importance of maintaining the health of teeth and mouth that can be measured by toothbrushing behavior. Based on the results of RISKESDAS 2018, only 2.8 percent of the population has a proper toothbrushing behavior. Behavior tends to form at age 6 to 12 years. At this age, children begin to develop habits that tend to settle until adulthood, including toothbrushing behavior. Social cognitive theory is a theory of behavioral change that explains that behavioral changes are influenced by the environment, personal, behavior where these three factors influence each other. This study aims to identify changes in the dental behavior of second grades students before and after the joint toothbrushing at school for 21 days. Methods: A pre-experimental study-design was conducted on elementary school by pre-post treatment method where there are 2 classes that get intervention and 2 other classes as control. A joint toothbrush is performed every morning before the school activities begin. Before and after the joint toothbrushing, all classes are given questionnaires to see if there are any changes in behavior seen through knowledge, attitudes, and practice. Results: Respondent group showed increasement on their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards toothbrushing. In contrast, the control groups showed no significant differences in the 3 factors. Conclusion: In this study the education of toothbrushing through environmental changes is quite effective in elementary school children. Insights into the benefits of this program and refinements of optimally targeted intervention, including longitudinal studies are needed to improve the results.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2002

재해정신의학은 재해를 당한 아동과 청소년들에게 적시에 개입하여 심리적 후유증을 최소화하고 장기적인 후유증을 줄이고, 또한 재해를 당한 지역과 사회가 일상으로의 복구를 할 수 있도록 돕는 정신과의 한 영역이다. 전 세계적으로 점차 많은 아동과 청소년들이 재해에 노출되고 있고, 이로 인해 재해정신의학에 대한 필요성과 요구가 증가하고 있다. 재해를 당한 아동들은 나이와 발달, 그리고 주변의 지지에 따라 개인적으로 받는 심리적인 영향이 다르고, 그 회복 과정과 장기적인 후유증도 달라질 수 있다. 재해시 정신의학적 개입은 위기 개입과 지지적 정신치료로 이루어지는데, 상담, 봉사, 지역사회 자문조정, 현장교육, 대중 교육과 정보 및 진료 의뢰 등이 포함된다. 본 고에서는 재해정신의학에 대한 개념을 요약하고, 아동과 청소년이 재해시에 나타내는 일반적인 심리적인 반응과 이에 대한 정신과적 개입에 대해 고찰하였다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권
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• pp.135-138
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• 2001

Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Control, received distilled water; Low lead, received 0.5 g/ιlead (as acetate) in drinking water; High lead, received 2.0 g/ιlead; Low lead + Minerals, received 0.5 g/ιlead in drinking water and received minerals (Ca$^{2+}$, 25 mg/kg/day; Fe$^{3+}$, 0.47 mg/ kg/day; Zn$^{2+}$, 0.33 mg/kg/day; Se, 0.83 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day) by gavage; High lead + Minerals, received 2.0 g/ιlead and received the same minerals. Animals exposure to lead was from 10 days before mating till postnatal day 21; and the minerals was administered from the first day of pregnancy and during lactation. No statistical difference was found either in body weights or in blood lead levels between the pups received minerals and those only exposed to lead at the same dose. The developmental and behavioral teratological effects of lead on pups, such as time-lag of eye opening, pinna detachment, fur developing, incisor eruption, ear unfolding, and surface righting were observed in this study; and the minerals decreased the toxicity of lead either in low or in high lead exposure pups. The numbers of step-down were significantly increased in lead exposed animals, and the effect of intervention by the minerals was appeared only in the pups exposed to low lead. The ChAT activity and levels of glutamate and aspartate in hippocampus decreased in treated animals compared to control animals, no effect of intervention by the minerals was found. The results of this study indicate that the applied multi-minerals can alter the outcome of develop-mental lead poisoning in rats.s.s.s.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 최근 패션에서 사용하는 타이포그래피 표현을 개념 미술의 관점에서 분석하고 의미를 밝히는 것이다. 이를 위해 연구의 주요 개념인 타이포그래피와 개념 미술을 이론적으로 고찰하고 개념 미술의 표현 특징인 레디메이드(ready-made), 자료 형식(documentation), 개입(intervention), 언어를 분석의 틀로 패션 타이포그래피에 적용하였다. 결과 레디메이드는 타 브랜드의 시각적 정체성을 차용하거나 변형하는 방식으로 나타나며 자료 형식은 제품에 동어 반복적 혹은 모순적 텍스트를 병치하는 방식으로 활용된다. 개입은 맥락적으로 무관한 브랜드의 시각 아이덴티티를 차용할 때 더욱 복잡한 층위의 의미를 발생시키며 나타난다. 언어는 환경, 윤리적 소비, 젠더 문제 등 동시대의 사회적 이슈에 대한 발언의 도구로 사용된다. 본 연구를 통해 패션 디자인에서 타이포그래피는 효과적인 마케팅 수단이자 사회적 발언의 매체가 될 수 있으며 흥미로운 시각 표현 방식이자 새로운 의미를 발생시킬 수 있는 가능성으로 확대될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.225-239
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• 2010

A high prevalence of farmer's work-related musculo-skeletal disorders (MSDs) have been reported in precedent studies. Risk factors - physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic risk factor etc. - in farm-work were identified by previous studies. To prevent farmers from exposing to them and reduce, Agricultural Safety Technology were introduced and used on farm. The purpose of this study is to review and summarize the agricultural safety technology on farm in Korea. According to strategy principles, this technology is classified as four criteria - workload reduction by reducing awkward posture, workload reduction by using manual material handling aids, Comfort improvement by protecting worker from hot, cold environment and work efficiency improvement by workplace redesign and cultivation modification. This technology includes transporting tools, working cloth, personal protective equipment, and pesticide-proof Clothing. Anthropometric study of Korean farmers was also carried out to support the development of equipment and clothes. In long terms, it needs to precaution activity from risk factors by using cultivation modification and working improvement. Although working condition gets better and workload reduce by this technology, it required customized safety technology in each crops - rice cultivation, horticulture and livestock farming. And farmers should use the assistive technology and participate voluntarily in ergonomic intervention program.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2014

Two Hahns Macaws (Ara nobilis nobilis), three and nine-month-old, with a three-weeks history of weight loss and anorexia were diagnosed presumptively with proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) by radiographic examination. The birds were treated with antimicrobials, analgesics, and fluid administration. However, these birds died three weeks after the first signs of PDD. At necropsy, the birds had severely dilated proventriculus, severe pectoral muscles atrophy, and blood vessels congestion on cortex of cerebrum. The partial matrix gene of avian bornavirus (ABV) was detected by RT-PCR from tissues of the brain, feather calami, and proventiculus of each PDD-suspected birds. This report describes the first detection of ABV in PDD-suspected Hahns Macaw in Korea.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2004

원자력시설의 사고로 인한 방사성물질의 환경 누출후 주민의 이주를 위한 유도개입주위 산정의 실용적 방법론을 지표면 선량율에 근거하여 고안하였다. 이주를 요하는 기간에 따라 잠정 이주와 영주이주로 구분하여 환경특성 변수 값에 따른 유도개입준위의 영향을 고찰하였다. 이주를 위한 유도개입준위는 방사성물질의 지표 침적후 핵종의 유효 제거 반감기, 측정 지연시간 피폭자의 거주특성 등에 따라 뚜렷이 다르게 나타났다. 특히 지표면 선량율이 지수함수 형태가 아닌 멱함수 형태의 감소를 가정하는 경우 측정 지연시간은 유도개입준위 설정에 있어 중요한 요소로 작용한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 핵종의 유효 제거반감기가 길수록 측정 지연시간이 늦을수록 그리고 피폭자가 오염원에 노출되는 시간이 길수록 유도개입준위는 보다 낮은 값을 나타냈다.