• 제목/요약/키워드: environmental dispute

검색결과 83건 처리시간 0.027초

한국 환경농업의 성공적 정착을 위한 정책적 및 기술적 접근과제 (Technical and Political Approaches for Successful Settling of the Environmental Agriculture System in Korea)

  • 손상목;정길생
    • 한국유기농업학회지
    • /
    • 제5권2호
    • /
    • pp.13-36
    • /
    • 1997
  • This study aims to point out the basic strategy of agrotechnical and -political approaches toward successful settling for the environmental agriculture system in Korea. Although environmental agriculture & forestry strategy toward the 21st century and it's action program were released in 1996, some scientist from environmental agriculture and organic agriculture still argue on the errors of it's strategy and action program in terms of environmental sound functions. Especially it's strategy and action program of government did not focus the reduction of fertilizer and pesticide as the matters of weight and importance to reduction of fertilizer and pesticide as the matters of weight and importance to realize an environmental sound agriculture system. And korean organic agriculture gets a point in dispute, because 1) they do not practice of Basic Standard of IFOAM and FAO/WHO Codex draft, and 2) organic farming is defined quite differently from internationally recognized core aspects of organic agriculture. Organic farming, in Korea, is taken to mean the replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic manure and avoidance of agricultural chemicals. In the paper it is discussed the necessity, purpose, effect and consequence of basic standard for korean organic agriculture. The reformation of the certification system and t he direct payment system in environmental agriculture & forestry strategy toward the 21st century and it's action program by government, and on the need of the teaching program and curriculum in high education institution, the breeding program of resistant cultivars, the soil testing for optimum fertilization strategy, the nutrient management program, the declaration for 2020 environemntal agriculture are also discussed.

  • PDF

배상 규정의 법률유보 관점에서 환경과 언론 ADR 비교 (Comparative Evaluation between Environmental and Media ADR in terms of Legal Reservation of Compensation Clause)

  • 엄단비
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
    • /
    • 제22권1호
    • /
    • pp.43-63
    • /
    • 2012
  • Media ADR is currently emerging as one of successful cases in South Korea while environmental ADR was known not to satisfy both defendants and offenders. Thus, this paper is intended to present proper remedies for typical compensation schemes of environmental ADR by comparing the two ADRs regarding legal reservation of compensation clause. It was found that the media ADR helped clients achieve a more fast and easy dispute resolution by providing compensation standards based on various categories such as types and scopes of compensation. However, the compensation scheme of environmental ADR brought out public complaints and inadequate services due to inconsistency and instability in terms of legal reservation. The results indicate that the compensation clause based on the reservation of laws in media ADR could be used not only as a checklist to confirm limitations of environmental ADR, but also as realistic evidences to adjust the compensation standard systematically that is under development and requires remodelling. As a result, the research findings have opened the new possibilities of "the quality assurance of environmental ADR based on the domestic legislation", proposed as an initial aim of this paper.

  • PDF

한국과 미국의 상사중재제도에 관한 비교연구 (A Study on Comparison of Commercial Arbitration System in Korea and U.S.A.)

  • 이강빈
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
    • /
    • 제12권1호
    • /
    • pp.271-321
    • /
    • 2002
  • Every year, many million of business transactions take place. Ocassionally, disagreements develop over these business transactions. Many of these disputes are resolved by mediation, arbitration and out-of-court settlement options. The American Arbitration Association(AAA) helps resolve a wide range of disputes through mediation, arbitration, elections and other out-of-court settlement procedures. The AAA offers a broad range of dispute resolution services to business executives, attorneys, individuals, trade associations, unions, management, consumers, families, communities, and all level of governments. The 198,491 cases composed of the 194,303 arbitration cases and the 4,188 mediation cases, were filed with the AAA in 2000. These case filings represent a full range of matters, including commercial finance, construction, labor and employment, environmental, health care, insurance, real state, securities, and technology disputes. The Korean Commercial Arbitration Board (KCAB) does more than render arbitration services. It helps facilitate settlements and guarantee implementation thereof between trading partners at home and abroad involving disputes related to such areas as the sale of commodities, construction, joint venture agreements, technical assistance, agency agreements, and maritime transport. The 643 cases composed of the the 197 arbitration cases and the 446 mediation cases, were filed with the KCAB in 2001. There are some differences between the AAA and the KCAB regarding the number and the area of mediation and arbitration case filings, the breath of service offerings, the scope of alternative dispute resolution, and the education and training. In order to apply to the proceedings of the commercial mediation and arbitration, the AAA has the Commercial Mediation Rules, the Commercial Arbitration Rules, the Expedited Procedures, the Optional Procedures for Large, Complex Commerical Dispute, and the Optional Rules for Emergency Measures of Protection as amended and effective on September 1, 2000. In order to apply to the proceedings of commercial arbitration, the KCAB has the Arbitration Rules as amended by the Supreme Court on April 27, 2000, which have been changed to incorporate the revisions of the Arbitration Act that went into effect on December 31, 1999. There are some differences between the AAA's commercial Arbitration Rules and the KCAB's Arbitration Rules regarding the clauses of jurisdiction and administrative conference, number of arbitrators, communication with arbitrator, vacancies, preliminary hearing, exchange of information, oaths, evidence by affidavit and posthearing filing of documents or others, interim measures, serving of notice, form of award, scope of award, delivery of award to parties, modification of award, release of liability, administrative fees, neutral arbitrator's compensation, and expedited procedures. In conclusion, for the vitalization of KCAB and its ADR system, the following measures should be taken : the effective case management, the development of on0-line ADR, the establishment of ADR system of electronic commerce disputes, and the variety of dispute resolution rules in each expert field.

  • PDF

나고야 의정서의 법적 쟁점과 우리나라 입장에 관한 제언 (The Legal Issues of Nagoya Protocol and Related Proposals for Korea)

  • 김명자;손영현;김혜영
    • 환경정책연구
    • /
    • 제13권4호
    • /
    • pp.161-190
    • /
    • 2014
  • 나고야 의정서가 평창에서 열리는 UNCBD COP12 기간 중인 2014년 10월 12일에 발효되었다. 이러한 상황에서 본 논문은 나고야 의정서 발효에 따른 쟁점과 외국의 입법례를 분석하여 우리나라 입법안의 개선점을 비롯한 향후 대응 방안에 대해 고찰하였다. 외국의 입법례는 국제환경법 체제 구축에 선도적인 역할을 하는 EU와 대표적인 유전자원 제공국이라 할 수 있는 중국의 입법례를 분석하였다. 이러한 고찰을 통해 우리나라는 나고야 의정서관련 사인과 국가간의 분쟁해결절차 마련과 한중일의 월경성 자원 및 관련 전통지식에 대한 공동 관리를 국제사회에 주장하는 것이 필요하며, 국내적으로는 유전자원 관리 책임기관을 통합하는 방향으로 입법안을 개선하는 것 등이 필요하다.

  • PDF

공동주택의 일조환경 피해 판정에 관한 연구 (A Study About a Trial for Damage of the Right to Sunshine in Apartments)

  • 국정훈;정은정;김재수
    • 대한환경공학회지
    • /
    • 제29권4호
    • /
    • pp.397-403
    • /
    • 2007
  • 본 논문은 N시에서 발생하는 B와 W 아파트단지 사이의 일조권 침해 분쟁의 연구에 대한 결과이다. 최근 도심에서 발생하는 일조권에 대한 분쟁은 쾌적한 주거의 질을 확보할려는 주민들의 욕구 중대로 인해 그 문제가 점차 확대되고 있다. 특히 건축당시에는 인지하지 못했던 일조권에 대한 문제가 시간이 지나면서 주거환경에 대한 관심이 높아져 그 분쟁의 수위가 시간이 갈수록 높아지고 있으며, 최근에는 도심에서 발생하는 일조권에 대한 해석이 공동주택 건축시 건축법규에 적합하게 설계 시공하여도 인근 아파트에 일조권에 대한 피해를 주었다면 배상을 해야 한다는 판결이 계속 나오고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 일조권에 대한 영향 및 피해범위에 대해 사례분석을 통하여 파악해 봄으로써 향후 민원발생시 효율적인 대책수립을 위한 기초적인 자료를 제시하고자 한다.

주변건물군의 변화가 건물 자연환기력에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (Effect of the Changes in Neighboring Building Layout onto Natural Ventilation Force in Buildings)

  • 김미정;이희관
    • 환경영향평가
    • /
    • 제20권2호
    • /
    • pp.97-105
    • /
    • 2011
  • 도시의 일상생활에서는 시가지의 바람이 나무, 집 등 낮은 건축물 군에 의해 방해되어 보통은 전원의 바람보다 풍속이 저감되는 경우가 많다. 이러한 기존의 바람 흐름이 있는 곳에 건축물이 세워지게 되면 기존의 풍환경은 크게 변화되어 풍속이 약한 곳과 강한 곳이 조성되어 이와 같은 바람이 지표부근의 구조물에 의해 받는 영향은 도시지역에서 강하게 나타나게 된다. 이는 교외나 시골지역은 상대적으로 도시지역에 비해 영향을 적게 받게 된다. 임의의 지역, 특히 도시지역의 경우 기존의 건물이 증축되거나 혹은 새로운 건물이 신축되면 이로 인하여 기존의 바람흐름이 달라지며 이는 인접건물들의 확보하고 있던 자연 환기력의 변화를 야기 시키는 원인이 되기도 한다. 이러한 현상은 건축물에 의해 자연 환기력이 바뀌게 되는 일종의 기존 환경으로 부터의 변화를 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 수치해석을 이용하여 이와 같이 건물의 주변 환경변화, 즉 신축, 증축 등과 같은 변화를 고려하여 그 영향을 예측/분석하였다. 그 결과로 건물의 자연환기력을 전면에서 바람에 의한 압력증가와 후면에서 바람의 흡입에 의한 압력감소로 인해 전면의 풍속에 의해 발생하는 동압보다 큰 압력차가 발생하고, 그로 인해 환기량이 발생하는 것을 알수 있다. 주변 변화에 의해서는 동일한 규모의 건물이 추가되는 경우에 기존의 경우에 비해 35~45%의 자연환기격이 감소되는 것으로 나타났다.

터널내 구간별 지하수 유입량 산정방법 : 유속계의 이용 (Calcu;ation of Groundwater Inflow Rates with respect to the Subusection of Tunnel: Application of the Current Meter)

  • 조병욱
    • 자원환경지질
    • /
    • 제32권6호
    • /
    • pp.661-667
    • /
    • 1999
  • Estimation of inflow rates into subsection of a tunnel is establishing the proposed grouting part, measuring the degree of grouting, and settling the dispute over deplrtion of groundwater which may be resulted from tunneling. A current meter was used to calculate inflow rates of groundwater to each subsection of the tunnel. The study area is composed of section 1 and 2 of Imha-Youngchun waterway trnnel which has 32.976km length, with each section having 3,745m and 4,079m, respectively. The depth from groung surface to tunnel ranges from 122.45m to 358.3m. Total inflow rates of groundwater into each section measured three times by the current meter, together with bottle and eye measurement, were compared with groundwater inflow rates of each section measured by datalogger. The calcuated inflow rates of the sections by bottle and eye measurement were 8.8%∼54.7% of inflow rate (averaging 27,4%), whwewas those by the current meter were 76.9%∼110.6%(averaging 92.9%). Therfore, the current meter is regarded as useful method to calculate groundwater inflow rates into subsections of a tunnel.

  • PDF

CASE STUDY: CONSTRUCTION LITIGATION FOR THE U.S. NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND, 1995-2004

  • Lilin Liang;G. Edward Gibson Jr.
    • 국제학술발표논문집
    • /
    • The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
    • /
    • pp.693-698
    • /
    • 2005
  • Evaluation of construction claims history can provide insights to improvement opportunities in a capital project portfolio. This study analyzed construction litigation claims extracted from the U.S. Court of Federal Claims (COFC) history involving the U.S. Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) from 1995-2004. Twenty-four total cases were examined over this period. Both "primary" causes and "root" causes were identified and compared to 666 litigation cases reviewed by the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA). Based on the analysis, strategies for resolving future disputes are recommend using a 'hybrid' process prior to litigation.

  • PDF

환경분쟁해결에 영향을 미치는 요인과 정책대안 (Factors Affecting the Resolution of Environmental Disputes and Relevant Policy Alternatives)

  • 이수장
    • 환경정책연구
    • /
    • 제9권4호
    • /
    • pp.125-154
    • /
    • 2010
  • 오늘날 국가 또는 사회 문제 가운데서 가장 해결하기 어려운 것이 행정당국, 사업시행자, 해당 지역주민 그리고 시민단체 간의 환경분쟁이다. 이러한 분쟁은 환경파괴, 비용과 편익의 불공평성 등으로 인하여 입지과정에서 관련 지역공동체의 강력한 저항이나 반대, 즉 님비(NIMBYism)를 유발한다. 지역기피시설(locally unwanted land uses, LULUs)의 입지나 개발에 대한 반대는 지역공동체의 이기적 편협적인 님비에 기인하는 것이 아니라 삶의 장소와 생태계를 보호하려는 지역주민의 합리적이며 정당한 요구의 표현이다. 따라서 이러한 입지갈등을 해결하기 위해서는 종래와 같은 결정-발표-옹호(decide-announce-defend, DAD)로 표현되는 그들과 우리라는 적대적인 관계가 아닌, 이 해당사자들의 상호작용, 즉 협상에 의한 합의형성(consensus-building)을 하려는 상황이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 이러한 협상은 보다 바람직하며, 실행가능성이 높은 자발적인 과정으로 대안적 분쟁해결(alternative dispute resolution) 방법이다. 이러한 합의형성에 영향을 주는 요인으로 다음 3가지를 들 수 있는데 i)주민참여보장, ii)형평성제고 및 iii)신뢰성강화 등이 그것이다. 이러한 3가지 요인들은 상호 연계되어 상호작용을 하는 체제로 간주할 때 그 시너지효과는 보다 커질 것이다.

  • PDF

AHP를 이용한 전력설비 입지선정 항목 중요도 분석 (Analysis of Weight Factors for Siting the Electric Facilities utilizing Analytical Hierarchy Process)

  • 구자건;김상호;윤고산;강현재;정종철
    • 환경영향평가
    • /
    • 제21권3호
    • /
    • pp.381-389
    • /
    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to analyze the weight factors for siting the electric facilities using Analytic Heirarchy Process technique participating the stakeholders. Siting the electric facilities has been a dispute of long standing because of landscape damage, geological deformation and various environmental problems such as electromagnetic effect to human health. For analyzing the weight factors by AHP technique, the questionnaire process was applied to the fifteen committee members including representatives of resident, academic experts, members of local assembly, officers of local government, journalists, etc. in Gangwondo, Korea. Weight factors for siting the electric facilities by AHP committee members resulted in residential areas 35.06%, cultural assets 16.68%, landscape conservation 13.11%, large-scale ecological corridor 10.17%, connectability of electric transmission line 8.32% respectively. The distance from residential areas was the most important factor preferred by committee members for siting the electric facilities.