• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제57권5호
• /
• pp.205-210
• /
• 2014

Atopic sensitization is a complex phenomenon that changes dynamically with age throughout childhood; its prevalence increases with age in young children. Additionally, with increasing age, the prevalence of sensitization to inhalant allergens and the prevalence of polysensitization to allergens increase. It is also well established that the development of atopic sensitization is the result of a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. However, there is considerable heterogeneity in the literature in terms of the effect of different environmental exposures in young children on the subsequent risk of atopic sensitization and allergic diseases. Previous studies on the relationship, in early life, between pet ownership, sex, exposure to secondhand smoke, exposure to traffic-related air pollution components, and atopic sensitization have yielded different results. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of gene-environment interactions, especially during early childhood, on the risk of subsequent atopic sensitization and allergic diseases. Therefore, pediatricians should consider the genetic and environmental determinants of atopic sensitization in infants and young children when diagnosing and treating patients with allergic diseases. Determining ways in which early exposure to these risk factors in young children may be reduced could be beneficial in preventing the likelihood of developing atopic sensitization.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.719-723
• /
• 2006

House dust mite was the most important cause of allergic asthma and rhinitis. More than 70% of Korean children and about 50% of adult with respiratory allergy were sensitive to house dust mite. This experiment was indoor environment in house and house dust mite existence inquiry. From 23rd December 2005 to 28th February 2006, dust samples were collected from the bedclothes by a vacuum cleaner and air sampler And the levels of Der f1 and Der p1 were determined by ELISA((Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). The results were as follows : 1 The dust mites allergy contaminations of bedclothes in house were higher than international standards(2000 ng/g). 2. In type of dust mite, the Korean house the almost have the D. farinae other than D. pteronyeeinus of mite. 3. The Der f1 and Der p1 levels per gram of dust from the bedclothes were 2074.99 ng on average, but they did not exist in air. The concentrations of house dust mite were significantly high in the bedclothes. This results suggest that the bedclothes have enough concentrations of dust mites to develop the sensitization. The control of indoor environment should be emphasized to prevent the sensitization by the repeated exposure to dust mite.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.817-823
• /
• 1999

연구배경: 전북지역은 최근에 도시화와 공업화가 이루어 진 곳으로서 생활환경 변화에 따라 알레르기 환자에서 원인 알레르겐의 종류나 감작률에 있어서도 변화가 있으리라 여겨진다. 방 법: 1984년 2월부터 1985년 2월 사이와 1997년 2월부터 1998년 2월 사이에 전북대 병원 알레르기 내과를 방문한 알레르기 환자 201명과 339명을 대상으로 피부단자시험과 RAST를 실시하여 원인 알레르겐의 변화 추세를 비교 분석하여 보았다. 결 과: 한가지 이상의 항원에 양성을 보인 환자는 전체 대상 환자중 149명(74.2%)과 257명(75.8%)으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p=0.664). 항원의 종류에 따른 감작률의 비교에서 1) 꽃가루군에 대해서는 차이가 없었다(35.8% vs 30.1 %, p=0.17). 2) 집먼지 진드기군에 대한 감작률의 감소가 있었다(66.1% vs 56.3%, p=0.02). 3) 곰팡이군, 동물털 및 비듬군에 대한 감작률은 감소하였다(p<0.001). 결 론: 위생상태의 개선에 따라 이와 관련있는 알레르겐의 감작률이 감소됨을 알 수 있었는데, 이에 대한 더욱 넓은 지역에서의 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Molecular and Cellular Response to Toxic Substances
• /
• pp.185-185
• /
• 2002

A murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) has been developed as an alternative test to guinea pig maximization test. The disadvantage of LLNA is the need for the use of radioactive material. In this study, we aimed to investigate the development of non-radio isotopic endpoint for local lymph node assay in Balb/c mice using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation.(omitted)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.466-471
• /
• 2011

Allergic asthma is complex inflammatory airway disorder caused by genetic and environmental factors. Sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide, is the cause of drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome. Parasites infection also related with eosinophilia and allergic diseases. In the present study, we investigated the modulating effects of parasitic derivative and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on allergic airway inflammation in the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine asthma model. Histopathological changes, cytokine secretion, and total and allergen-specific IgE were investigated. BALB/c mice were treated with Ascaris suum extract or SMX for 4 weeks before sensitized and challenged to ovalbumin. Pre-treatment of Ascaris suum extract decreased allergic inflammation in lung tissue and IL-4, total IgE, and OVA-specific IgE levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. However, pre-treatment of SMX did not show any effects on allergic airway inflammation. These results indicate that parasitic infection has protective effects on allergic asthma, but the sulfamamides may not relate with allergic asthma.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제55권9호
• /
• pp.322-329
• /
• 2012

Purpose: Aeroallergens are important causative factors of allergic diseases. Previous studies on aeroallergen sensitization rates investigated patients groups that had visited pediatric allergy clinics. In contrast, we investigated sensitization rates in a general population group of elementary school to teenage students in Incheon, Jeju, and Ulsan. Methods: After obtaining parental consent, skin-prick tests were performed on 5,094 students between March and June 2010. Elementary school students were tested for 18 common aeroallergens, whereas middle and high school students were tested for 25 allergens. The 25 allergens included Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, pollen (birch, alder, oak, Japanese cedar, pine, willow, elm, maple, Bermuda grass, timothy grass, rye grass, orchard grass, meadow grass, vernal grass, mugwort, Japanese hop, fat hen, ragweed, and plantain), and mold (Penicillatum, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Alternaria). Results: The sensitization rates in descending order were 25.79% (D. pteronyssinus ), 18.66% (D. farinae ), 6.20% (mugwort), and 4.07% (willow) in Incheon; 33.35% (D. pteronyssinus ), 24.78% (D. farinae), 15.36% (Japanese cedar), and 7.33% (Alternaria) in Jeju; and 32.79% (D. pteronyssinus), 30.27% (D. farinae), 10.13% (alder), and 8.68% (birch) in Ulsan. The dust mite allergen showed the highest sensitization rate among the 3 regions. The sensitization rate of tree pollen was the highest in Ulsan, whereas that of Alternaria was the highest in Jeju. The ragweed sensitization rates were 0.99% in Incheon, 1.07% in Jeju, and 0.81% in Ulsan. Conclusion: The differences in sensitization rates were because of different regional environmental conditions and distinct surrounding biological species. Hence, subsequent nationwide studies are required.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제46권6호
• /
• pp.685-693
• /
• 2020

Objectives: Recent data indicate that sensitization to mold contributes to the severity and persistence of asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between indoor mold concentrations and pulmonary function parameters in asthmatic children with mold sensitization. Methods: Asthmatic subjects who had a positive result in skin-prick testing to more than one mold allergen, such as Alternaria, Aspergillus, or Penicillium, were enrolled. Their pulmonary function and methacholine challenge test results were collected. Measurements of blood eosinophil, serum IgE, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were taken. Indoor levels of VOC, CO2, PM10 and PM2.5 in each subject's house were measured. We counted mold and bacteria colonies from the subjects' house air samples. Results: The mean levels of FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 were 82.8±19.7, 87.3±17.9, 85.8±8.3, and 82.3±28.9%, respectively. The mean FeNO level was 19.8±11.2 ppb and the geometric mean (range of one SD) of methacholine PC20 was 3.99 mg/mL (0.67-23.74 mg/mL). The average indoor air pollutant levels were below the recommended levels set by the Ministry of Environment for multiplex buildings. Indoor mold levels showed a significant inverse correlation with methacholine PC20, but not with the baseline pulmonary function parameters. Conclusion: Indoor mold concentrations are a risk factor for increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness among asthmatic children with mold sensitization. Targeted environmental intervention should be considered for selected asthmatic children with mold sensitization for avoiding severe airway hyperresponsiveness.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.206-215
• /
• 2022

Background: Fragrance substances in consumer products can cause adverse health effects such as contact allergy. In South Korea, consumer chemical products must list 26 known fragrance allergens on product labels when they contain more than 0.01%. Fragrance substances are mostly used in combination, so co-exposure can occur via use of a consumer chemical product. Co-exposure to fragrance allergens may show a synergistic effect on the human body. Objectives: The aims of the study were to analyze the characteristics of fragrance allergens in consumer chemical products available on public websites and to identify the co-occurrence patterns of fragrance allergens. Methods: The chemicals in 1,443 ingredient disclosures for consumer chemical products were collected through the Ecolife database. The 26 labelled fragrance allergens were identified by category of consumer chemical product. The co-occurrence patterns of the 26 labelled fragrance allergens were analyzed by frequent pattern mining. The unlabelled fragrance allergens presented by European Union Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety were also identified. Results: Consumer chemical products contained an average of 5.3±4.2 substances among the 26 labelled fragrance allergens. More than 85% of air fresheners, deodorizing agents, and fabric softeners contained at least one of the 26 labelled fragrance allergens. The most frequently contained fragrance allergens were limonene (50.5%), linalool (49.9%), hexyl cinnamal (34.0%), and citronellol (28.3%). 16.7% of consumer chemical products showed a co-occurrence of limonene, linalool, hexyl cinnamal, and citronellol. Thirty-eight unlabelled fragrance allergens were found in the consumer chemical products, with hexamethylindanopyran (25.2%) being the most frequently contained substance. Conclusions: The characteristics and co-occurrence patterns of 26 labelled fragrance allergens would be useful information for the management of co-exposure to fragrance allergens in consumer chemical products. It is necessary for attention to be paid to unlabelled fragrance allergens.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.204-212
• /
• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine house dust mite concentrations in living rooms and bedding materials in atopic case-control groups. Methods: Fifty four homes with children suffering atopic diseases as cases and fifty one homes without atopic diseases as controls were selected after diagnosis at three elementary schools in Ulsan City. Dust samples were collected from the living rooms and bedding materials in each home during summer and winter with a vacuum cleaner and analyzed for house dust mites using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Environmental factors and family history were surveyed during sampling. Results: Both species of house dust mite Dermatophagoides farina (Der f 1) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p 1) were found in all homes. Derf1 concentrations were much higher than Der P1 concentrations, both in atopic homes (1518.9 vs. 27.0 ng/g. dust, respectively) and non-atopic homes (810.8 vs. 44.3 ng/g. dust, respectively). Der f 1 concentrations were significantly higher in the atopic group than in the non-atopic group (atopic: 1518.9 ng/g.dust, non-atopic: 810.8 ng/g.dust, p = 0.035). However, total house dust mite Der p 1 concentrations were significantly higher in the non-atopic group than in the atopic group (atopic: 27.0 ng/g.dust, non-atopic: 44.3 ng/g.dust, p = 0.035). Multiple regression implied that mothers with family history of atopic diseases (OR = 4.79, 95% CI = 1.81-12.69), Der f 1 concentrations (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.07-2.81), and air freshener use (OR = 4.60, 95% CI = 1.72-12.34) had significant associations with atopic children. Conclusion: House dust mite Der f 1 concentrations were associated with atopic children. This study suggests that parents should reduce house dust mite Der f 1 concentrations through environmental controls.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제22권11호
• /
• pp.1487-1492
• /
• 2012

복숭아는 오래 전부터 알레르기를 일으키는 식품으로 알려져 있으나 특정 식품과의 교차반응에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 한국에서 재배되고 있는 복숭아, 앵두, 고추의 단백질을 추출하여 복숭아 알레르기를 가진 환자가 앵두와 고추에 대해 교차반응성을 일으키는지 확인하고 이 단백질들의 소화효소처리에 따른 안정성을 조사하였다. 복숭아, 앵두 및 고추 단백질 추출물은 Tricine-SDS-PAGE상에서 3 kDa부터 26 kDa 이상까지 넓은 범위의 단백질 분포를 보였으나 각기 다른 패턴을 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 복숭아 단백질의 항원성을 확인하기 위해 복숭아 민감성 환자의 혈청과의 IgE반응성을 확인한 결과, 환자 혈청은 모두 복숭아의 주요 항원성 단백질 lipid transfer protein로 예상되는 9 kDa 부근에서 강한 IgE결합력을 보였으며 또한 9 kDa 단백질이 anti-LTP1 polyclonal antibody에 의해 검출되는 것을 확인하였다. 앵두와 고추 단백질 추출물은 23 kDa 부근에서의 IgE결합력이 9 kDa과의 반응성보다 크게 나타났다. 복숭아, 앵두 및 고추의 소화효소에 대한 안정성을 SDS-PAGE 상에서 확인한 결과, 복숭아, 앵두 및 고추의 항원성 단백질은 인공 위액 및 장액에 의해 완전히 분해되지 않아 알레르기를 유발할 잠재성이 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로, 복숭아, 앵두 및 고추 단백질 추출물이 소화효소처리에 안정성을 가지는 특성을 가지며 복숭아 알레르기 증상을 가지는 사람에게 앵두 및 고추는 교차반응성을 일으킬 가능성이 크다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.