• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 2005

To assess the effect of pinitol supplementation and strength training for two weeks on the anaerobic capacity during and after exercise, and improvement of glucose metabolism during the recovery period of muscular fatigue with repeated acute bouts of cycling exercise, a total of 24 healthy young men were recruited and randomly and equally divided into three groups; pinitol supplementation group (PSG), placebo group (PLG), and control group (CON). Using a randomized double-blinded design, subjects in PSG were provided pinitol supplement, consumed orally 1.2 g/day, and participated in the resistance exercise program and cycling exercise for two weeks. Subjects in PLG underwent the same protocol as those in PSG but consumed the same amount of placebo. No supplementation and exercise program was given to CON. Before and after the intervention, all subjects were tested for their anaerobic capacities evaluated by Wingate test twice separated by 30 min. During the test, peak anaerobic power (PP), mean anaerobic power, total work, and fatigue index were evaluated During resting and recovery, blood samples were drawn and plasma pinitol, myo-inositol, chiro-inositol, insulin, free fatty acid, glucose, and lactate levels were analyzed After two weeks, PP and relative PP of the second biking were improved from the first biking in PSG only (p<0.05). No changes were found in all other variables of Wingate test in all groups. No statistical differences between groups and pre- and post-intervention were observed in concentrations of pinitol, myo-inositol, and chiro-inositol, but pinitol concentration was higher during recovery compared to the baseline in all groups and testings (p<0.05). Lactate level during recovery was higher than the resting level, but no other blood parameters were significantly changed. In conclusion, two weeks of pinitol supplementation in conjunction with short duration of anaerobic training in healthy young men did not induce any obvious benefits in terms of anaerobic capacity and energy metabolism Individual and/or population susceptibility may be one factor responsible for adopting pinitol supplementation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.38-45
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• 2017

As the competitiveness of SMEs (small and medium enterprises) is getting more and more improved and globalized, the government provides various consulting services to secure the competitiveness of small and medium firms and support stable growth. However, the assessment of the result from the government's support is generally focused on non-financial factors, such as customer satisfaction and analysis of improvement effect. This paper is in regards to the statistical analysis of how much the government's support in the form of providing consulting services contributes to financial outcomes in terms of profitability and growth. ROA (return on asset) and ROS (return on sales), which are investment profitability and sales profitability respectively, are chosen as an indicator of profitability. For analysis of growth, sales revenue and total asset growth are used. The samples are 44 corporations which are supported by government, and 150 corporations which are selected for comparison, with corporate growth support center program by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy chosen as the consulting model. After gathering the yearly balance sheets and income statements of the samples from CRETOP, Korea Enterprise Data, the analysis is conducted in the way of identifying the statistical significance of financial difference in the same period between corporates taking consulting services and corporates which have not, and the difference of financial outcomes from the corporates taking consulting services before and after consulting services. As a result, in terms of business growth, it is turned out to have positive difference both in growth ratio and profitability compared to the compared corporations at the significant level. Therefore, it is obvious that the consulting program which government provides to SMEs have direct influence practically to the corporates' management performance.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.124-135
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• 2015

As many countries have been raising awareness of environmental issues, greater efforts for eco-friendly construction have been made in both governmental and private sectors. However, assessment circumstances for building energy performance and green building standard of legislation are still based on two dimension and handwork. This takes time, cost and labor, and makes assessment inaccurate and inefficient. Therefore, this study suggests methods to improve eco-friendly construction permission process and to automatize open BIM-based assessment of Energy Performance Index (EPI) among several eco-friendly construction certification standards. First, it analyzes the relations between assessment criteria and IFC data, and provides solutions to problems and limitations. Second, it applies the solutions to assessment program in order to automatize open BIM-based assessment for EPI. The eco-friendly construction permission process with these solutions applied will reduce time, cost, and labor by simplifying and automatizing the tasks. Also, the simplified process of design revision will improve not only productivity and efficiency but also accuracy and reliability.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.116-122
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• 2021

This study quantitatively evaluated the performance improvement of a circular reinforced concrete pier under dynamic load with strengthening using a steel plate. Various three-dimensional elements were applied using the finite element program ABAQUS. The analytical parameters included the ratios of the steel cover length to the pier's total height and the ratios of the steel cover thickness to the pier diameter for inelastic-nonlinear analysis. The lower part of the pier had fixed boundary conditions, and lateral repetitive loads were applied at the top of the pier. The pier was investigated to evaluate the dynamic performance based on the load-displacement curve, stress-strain curve, ductility, energy absorption capability, and energy ratio. The yield and ultimate loads of piers with steel covers increased by 3.76 times, and the energy absorption capability increased by 4 times due to the confinement effects caused by the steel plate. A plastic hinge part of the column with a steel plate improved the ductility, and the thicker the steel plate was, the greater the energy absorption capacity. This study shows that the reinforced pier should be improved in terms of the seismic performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2016

In this study, the characterization of projects and analysis of R&D products and commercialization performances were done to serve some implications on the policy decisions related to the commercialization of R&D in marine and fisheries sector. A total of 212 R&D projects with 144 ones for marine and 68 for fisheries performed for 5 years, from 2010 to 2014, were sorted and analyzed on the respect of government budget, main performing body, and research period. The R&D result and commercialization performance were substituted to quantitative indicators, such as the number of published papers, the number of patents, the amount of the technology royalty, the number of technology transfers, and the improvement of public service, which were subjects to be analysed. Based on the results, this study suggests the policy implications for the success of national R&D program; 1) diversifying the main performing body, 2) operating the system for sharing research infrastructures among researchers, 3) introducing the adaptable R&D program management, 4) expending the portion of grants without detailed requests for proposal, and 5) leaning the investigation of R&D budgets on projects focusing on the practicalization and commercialization.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.519-530
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• 1998

In this paper, the basic study on the design of the flexible keel of the energy-storage prosthetic foot was performed in order to Improve the walking performance and Increase the activities of the below knee amputees. Based on the analysis of the anthropometric data and the normal gait on two dimensional sagittal plane available In the literature, we presented a model of the basic structure of the flexible keel of the prosthetic foot. The model of the basic structure was composed of the simple beams, and linear rotational spring and damper. Laminated carbon fiber-reinforced composites were selected as the material of the basic structure model of the flexible keel In order to apply the high strength and light weight materials to the basic structure of the flexible keel of the prosthetic foot. The recoverable strain energy In response to the change of beam shape was calculated bur the finite element analysis and it was suggested that the change of beam shape could be the design variable in flexible keel design. The simulation process was systematically designed by using orthogonal array table in order to design the flexible keel structure which could store the more recoverable strain energy. finite element analysis was carried but according to the design of simulations by using the finite element program ABAQUS and the flexible keel structure of the energy-storage prosthetic foot was obtained from the analysis of variance(ANOVA). The dynamic simulation model of the prosthetic walking using the flexible keel structure was made and the dynamic analysis was carried but during one walk cycle. Based on the above results, an effective design process was presented for the development of the prosthetic fool system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.268-279
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• 2018

The ALCYONE multidimensional fuel performance code codeveloped by the CEA, EDF, and AREVA NP within the PLEIADES software environment models the behavior of fuel rods during irradiation in commercial pressurized water reactors (PWRs), power ramps in experimental reactors, or accidental conditions such as loss of coolant accidents or reactivity-initiated accidents (RIAs). As regards the latter case of transient in particular, ALCYONE is intended to predictively simulate the response of a fuel rod by taking account of mechanisms in a way that models the physics as closely as possible, encompassing all possible stages of the transient as well as various fuel/cladding material types and irradiation conditions of interest. On the way to complying with these objectives, ALCYONE development and validation shall include tests on $PWR-UO_2$ fuel rods with advanced claddings such as M5(R) under "low pressure-low temperature" or "high pressure-high temperature" water coolant conditions. This article first presents ALCYONE V1.4 RIA-related features and modeling. It especially focuses on recent developments dedicated on the one hand to nonsteady water heat and mass transport and on the other hand to the modeling of grain boundary cracking-induced fission gas release and swelling. This article then compares some simulations of RIA transients performed on $UO_2$-M5(R) fuel rods in flowing sodium or stagnant water coolant conditions to the relevant experimental results gained from tests performed in either the French CABRI or the Japanese NSRR nuclear transient reactor facilities. It shows in particular to what extent ALCYONE-starting from base irradiation conditions it itself computes-is currently able to handle both the first stage of the transient, namely the pellet-cladding mechanical interaction phase, and the second stage of the transient, should a boiling crisis occur. Areas of improvement are finally discussed with a view to simulating and analyzing further tests to be performed under prototypical PWR conditions within the CABRI International Program. M5(R) is a trademark or a registered trademark of AREVA NP in the USA or other countries.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.394-399
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• 2009

Since some decades ago, there has been a concern for resource depletion and environmental pollution associated with building properties. In addressing such impact of the built environment, there is a recognition of the existence of alternative building materials, fuels for energy supply as well as technologies for waste handling and disposal. Nevertheless, for long time, the choice between such alternatives was dictated by factors such as differences in prices and aesthetic values. A new important dimension in discriminating between different options is the environmental dimension. This aspect is important since buildings are one of the spatially big new additions to the natural environment that consume a lot of materials and energy during their long lifetime. Thus, with the environmental dimension kept in mind, a existing cost estimation needs to be changed. A new cost assessment method, Life Cycle Cost, should calculate overall costs with dimensional factors: investment and utility costs as well as maintenance costs over the lifetime of the building. Aiming to give an overview of the present status of Building Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) tools as a basis for further research and development including economic performance, this paper describes and compares 3 different tools for Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) and economic analysis of the green buildings. This paper compared these approaches based on various aspects. These include economic analysis method, evaluation duration, data of results(index). Use of the comparison analysis is to produce a better picture and indicate profits and shortcomings for the tools as a group; thus providing important direction improvement of LCA tool as well as further research and development of this group of tools.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.371-383
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• 2011

It is important to secure illumination for the driver's safety because the tunnel is a space for changing brightness quickly, and lighting fixtures of the tunnel have consumed a lot of electric lighting energy for operating in both the daytime and at night. This study aims to evaluate daylighting performance of Mirror Reflector System for luminous environment improvement of tunnel space by using RADIANCE simulation program. The results of simulation show that illuminance of bar type is higher than illuminance of pole type at 20 m from the tunnel entrance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.202-212
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• 1985

Numerical and experimental studies are presented for turbulent flows and heat transfer in annular channel with circumferential fins on the inner tube in a double pipe heat exchanger. Flow and heat transfer characteristics are periodically fully developed, and complex flow patterns are shown. Numerical calculations are executed by using modified TEACH-2E computer program based on the standard k-.epsilon. turbulence model. Mean velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, and Reynolds stress distributions are measured with the hot wire anemometer. Static pressures on the outer wall of the pipe are measured for three pitch-height ratios and several Reynolds numbers. Numerical predictions generally show reasonable results in comparison with experimental results. When the pitch-height ratio is about 5.0 and other geometric parameters are fixed in this paper, maximum heat transfer is achieved. Reattaching flow patterns appeared in this region. As the pitch between fins is increased beyond 5.0, mean Nusselt numbers are decreased and the pressure drop through one pitch almost remains.