• 태양에너지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1998

밑면이 가열되고 다양한 격판을 가진 실내공간에서의 혼합대류 열전달을 유한체적법을 사용하여 연구하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 변수는 50$\overline{Nu}=\overline{Nu_n}{\cdot}(1+c(Re/Gr^{1/2})^d)$로 나타낼 수 있다. 여기서 $\overline{Nu_n}$는 순수 자연대류를 나타낸다.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2017

A wireless passive sensor network is a network consisting of sink nodes, sensor nodes, and radio frequency (RF) sources, where an RF source transfers energy to sensor nodes by radiating RF waves, and a sensor node transmits data by consuming the received energy. Against theoretical expectations, a wireless passive sensor network suffers from many practical difficulties: scarcity of energy, non-simultaneity of energy reception and data transmission, and inefficiency in allocating time resources. Perceiving such difficulties, we propose a simple contending-type medium access control (MAC) scheme for many sensor nodes to deliver packets to a sink node. Then, we derive an approximate expression for the network-wide throughput attained by the proposed MAC scheme. Also, we present an approximate expression for the optimal partition, which maximizes the saturated network-wide throughput. Numerical examples confirm that each of the approximate expressions yields a highly precise value for network-wide throughput and finds an exactly optimal partition.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.351-353
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• 2003

We present a retrieval scheme for the remote sensing of evapotranspiration (ET) over rice paddy. To perform the retrieval, high-resolution airborne imagery of multi-spectral visible and thermal infrared data, and ground-based meteorological measurements are utilized. Our ET retrieval scheme is based on the basic principal of surface energy budget, which is a result of balance in longwave and shortwave radiation, latent heat, sensible heat, and energy flux into the ground. To partition the latent and sensible heat fluxes of interest from the energy balance equation, three basic parameters are of most concern, including albedo, surface temperature, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The NDVI and albedo can be easily derived from the visible and near infrared spectral data, while the surface tem-perature can be determined through the analysis of the infrared data with the Stefan Boltzmann law. From the airborne imagery taken on 28 April 2003, we observe very good dry and wet pixels that can be easily corre-sponded to the radiation and evaporation controlled crite-ria, respectively, and, hence, for the further use in defin-ing the evaporative fraction needed to partition sensible and latent heat fluxes from the net energy flux. The de-rived ET is compared with the in situ measurements.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1025-1032
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• 1990

We proposed a neural network energy function for the optimal graph partitioning and its optimization method using Boltzmann Machine. We composed a Boltzmann Machine with the proposed neural network energy function, and the simulation results show that we can obtain an optimal solution with the energy function parameters of A=50, B=5, c=14 and D=10, at the Boltzmann Machine parameters of To=80 and \ulcorner0.07 for a 6-node 3-partition problem. As a result, the proposed energy function and optimization parameters are proved to be feasible for the optimal graph partitioning.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2016

Room acoustic properties of coupled rooms connected by an aperture has been analyzed using statistical acoustic model based on the diffused sound field assumption, which has limitation in dealing with the parameters such an room geometries and non uniform absorptivity of the boundary surfaces. In order to overcome these difficulties the acoustic diffusion model has been introduced, by which distribution of the acoustic energy density can be analyzed for various shapes and wall absorptivity. In this study acoustic properties of coupled rooms connected by an aperture(e.g. door) is analyzed using acoustic diffusion equation, which is solved numerically. The mean energy densities of two rooms obtained by the diffusion model are compared with those from the statistical model. The results show good agreement for various coupling aperture sizes and absorption coefficients. For a limiting case when the partition wall is substituted by an aperture and the two rooms eventually forms a single room, results of coupled room analysis using diffusion model show good agreement with those of a single room.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1207-1210
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• 2003

The effect of solvent structure on the slope in the plot of ln K vs. solute carbon number was examined. It was found that the free energy of methylene group transfer from the gas phase into a solvent was always negative and that the absolute magnitude of interaction free energy between the methylene group and the solvent was always larger than the absolute magnitude of cavity formation free energy of the methylene group in the solvent. Thus, the slope in the plot of ln K vs. solute carbon number was always positive and its value decreases with increase of solvent polarity since the cavity formation energy of the CH₂ unit increases with increase of solvent polarity while the dispersive interaction energy of the CH₂ unit is virtually invariant. We also examined the effect of sequential addition of CH₂ unit to a solvent molecule upon ln K for three homologous series of solvents: n-alkanes, n-alcohols, and n-nitriles. Characteristic trends in the plots of ln K vs. solvent carbon number were observed for individual solvent groups. A decrease of ln K with solvent carbon number was observed for n-alkanes. An abrupt increase in ln K followed by levelling off was observed for n-alcohols while a final slight decrease in ln K after an abrupt increase followed by rapid levelling off was noted for n-nitriles. All of theses phenomena were found related to variation in cavity formation energy. It was clearly shown that a structural change of a polar solvent by sequential addition of CH₂ units causes an abrupt polarity decrease initially, then gradual levelling off, and finally, conversion to a virtually nonpolar solvent if enough CH₂ units are added.

• 약학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2009

The retention of solutes in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography depends on their hydrophobicity. Although the retention behaviors of alkyl benzenes have been reported so far, quite a few authors have mentioned the retention behavior of alkyl benzenes with plural hydrophobicity parameters. In this sense, we were interested in the retention behaviors of alkyl benzenes having benzene moiety and increasing alkyl chain. In this study, we therefore investigated the retention behavior of alkyl benzenes in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in order to obtain information concerning the effects of the aromatic moiety and the carbon chain on the retention mechanism by comparing their capacity factor (k') in relation to the carbon chain length. The eluent acetonitrile ($CH_3CN$) showed high selectivity on alkyl benzenes, showing the high difference of capacity factor (${\Delta}log\;k'$) between toluene and octyl benzene. Indeed, the ${\Delta}log\;k'$ of 80% $CH_3CN$ represented 1.42- and 4.25-times longer than 90% MeOH and 60% THF, respectively. The hydrophobicity parameters, van der Waals volume, bond constant, partition constant, $\pi$-energy effect and enthalpy were evaluated with the capacity factor (k') of alkyl benzenes eluted on 80% CH3CN, 90% MeOH and 60% THF, respectively. The best eluent for predicting retention behavior of alkyl benzenes was 90% MeOH ($R^2$ 0.999). The three parameters, van der Waals volume, bond constant and partition constant were well coincident to log k' by increasing alkyl benzenes. However, $\pi$-energy effect and enthalpy were severely disagreeable. Taken together, van der Waals volume, bond constant and partition constant were a reliable parameters to predict the retention behaviors of alkyl benzenes on reversed-phase column.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.432-437
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• 1991

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.107-108
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• 2006

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.360-369
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• 2007

무선 센서 네트워크는 제한된 배터리를 갖는 노드로 구성되므로 전체 네트워크의 수명을 극대화하면서 에너지 효율적인 라우팅을 수행할 수 있도록 토폴로지(topology)를 구성하는 것이 중요하다. 이와 관련된 기존 연구들은 무선 센서 네트워크의 특정한 통신 패턴을 고려하지 않고 토폴로지를 구성하여 라우팅을 수행한다. 본 논문에서는 동적으로 전송 범위를 차별화시켜 라우팅을 수행하는 UDT(Up-Down Tree) 라우팅 알고리즘을 제안하였다. UDT는 전송 범위에 기반하여 트리(tree) 토폴로지를 구성하며, 무선 센서 네트워크의 특정한 통신 패턴에 맞게 트리 구성 단계와 데이타 수집 단계에 따라 전송 범위를 조절한다. 따라서 UDT는 전체 네트워크의 수명 극대화, 파티션(partition) 방지, 그리고 에너지 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 실험을 통해 제안한 UDT가 최적의 토폴로지를 구성하여 에너지 효율성 측면에서 좋은 성능을 보임을 확인할 수 있었다.