• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.66-71
• /
• 2007

Development of a locomotive mechanism for the capsule type endoscopes will largely enhance their ability to diagnose disease of digestive organs. As a part of it, there should be provided a detection device of their position in human organs for the purpose of observation and motion control. In this paper, a permanent magnet outside human body was employed to project magnetic field on a capsule type endoscope, while its position dependent flux density was measured by three hall-effect sensors which were orthogonally installed inside the capsule. In order to detect the 2-D position data of the capsule with three hall-effect sensors including the roll, pitch and yaw angle, the permanent magnet was extra translated during the measurement. In this way, the 2-D coordinates and three rotation angles of a capsule endoscope on the same motion plane with the permanent magnet could be detected. The working principle and performance test results of the capsule position detection device were introduced in this paper showing that they could be also applied to 6-DOF position detection.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.215-220
• /
• 1996

Experimental set-up for the characterization of Shape Memory Alloys springs which are applicacable to endoscope has been implemented. Fundamental properties of SMA springs were measured by iso-thermal test iso-metric test, iso-tonic test and the relationship between stress and strain, temperature and generated force, displacement and temperature could be characterized experimentally. The implemented experimental set-up and characterization method can be exploited for the design of SMA springs and evaluation of actuators used in endoscope.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.69-70
• /
• 2006

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제9권12호
• /
• pp.1669-1680
• /
• 2006

This paper explains that the RF systems for hi-directional wireless capsule endoscopes were designed and implemented. The designed RF systems for a capsule endoscope can transmit the images of intestines from the inside to the outside of a body and the behavior of the capsules can be controlled by an external controller simultaneously. The hi-directional wireless capsule endoscope consists of a CMOS image sensor, FPGA, LED, battery, DC to DC Converter, transmitter, receiver, and antennas. The transmitter and receiver which were used in the hi-directional capsule endoscope, were designed and fabricated with $10mm(diameter){\times}3.2mm(thickness)$ dimensions taking into the MPE, power consumption, system size, signal to noise ratio and modulation method. The RF systems designed and implemented for the hi-directional wireless capsule endoscopes system were verified by in-vivo experiments. As a result, the RF systems for the hi-directional wireless capsule endoscopes satisfied the design specifications.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2009

Objective : Although endoscopic procedures for lumbar disc diseases have improved greatly, the postoperative outcomes for high grade inferior migrated discs are not satisfactory. Because of anatomic limitations, a rigid endoscope cannot reach all lesions effectively. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of endoscopic transforaminal suprapedicular approach to high grade inferior-migrated lumbar disc herniations. Methods : Between May 2006 and March 2008, a suprapedicular approach was performed in 53 patients with high grade inferior-migrated lumbar disc herniations using a rigid endoscope and a semi-rigid flexible curved probe. One-to-four hours after surgery, the presence of remnant discs was checked with MRI. The outcomes were evaluated with the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) one week after surgery. Results : The L2-3 level was involved in 2 patients and the L3-4 level was involved in 14 patients, while the L4-5 level was involved in 39 patients. There were single piece-type in 34 cases and a multiple piece-type in 19 cases. Satisfactory results were obtained in all cases. The mean preoperative VAS for leg pain was $9.32{\pm}0.43$ points (range, 7-10 points), whereas the mean ODI was $79.82{\pm}4.53$ points (range, 68-92 points). At the last follow-up examination, the mean postoperative VAS for leg pain was $1.78{\pm}0.71$ points and the mean postoperative ODI improved to $15.27{\pm}3.82$ points. Conclusion : A high grade inferior migrated lumbar disc is difficult to remove sufficiently by posterolateral endoscopic lumbar dscectomy using a rigid endoscope. However, a satisfactory result can be obtained by applying a transforaminal suprapedicular approach with a flexible semi-rigid curved probe.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.234-236
• /
• 2011

Traditional surgery to remove foreign bodies in the face carries a risk of postoperative morbidity with an injury to various anatomical structures, particularly the facial nerve and parotid duct and gland. Endoscopy can be a great aid in the removal of foreign bodies in the maxillofacial region. Surgical intervention using endoscope and/,or intraoperative images can be minimized, allowing the safe and precise removal of foreign bodies, and saving operating time. We report a case of the use of an endoscope and C-arm fluoroscopy guidance system to remove a very small foreign body.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.429-434
• /
• 2004

현재 임상적으로 사용되고 있는 안구내시경은 전체 직경이 1 mm 이하로 제한되어 있고, 그 영상분해능 역시 30∼40 lp/mm로 제약되기 때문에 안구내시경 영상의 질을 판단하는데 있어서 가장 중요한 요소는 영상 분해능이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 0.23pitch GRIN 렌즈와 5 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 이하의 마이크로 광섬유를 포함하는 미세 영상가이드를 이용한 새로운 광학적 설계로 고 분해능 안구내시경의 확대 영상을 획득하였고, USAF 분해능 target을 이용하여 기존 안구내시경 영상의 분해능과 비교, 분석하였다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.215-221
• /
• 2018

본 논문에서는 캡슐 내시경을 위한 HBC(Human Body Communication) 시스템의 종합적인 설계 방법을 제시하였다. 먼저 환자 몸에 부착된 다수의 패치로부터 수신되는 신호를 차동 연산을 통해 합성하는 방법을 제시하고 이를 통한 신호 SNR을 수학적으로 유도하였다. 캡슐에서 보내는 HBC 송신신호를 동기화하기 위한 방법으로 PN 코드를 이용한 대략적 타이밍 동기 방법과 ZCD(Zero Crossing Detector)를 통한 Manchester, NRZ, RZ 변조 기법간의 미세 타이밍 동기 성능을 분석하였다. 아울러 HBC 신호 프레임을 Rician 및 Rayleigh 채널 환경에서 적용하였을 때의 등화 성능을 LMS 및 RLS 알고리즘을 적용하여 평가하였다.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.206-213
• /
• 2010

광 간섭 단층촬영 시스템(OCT)을 위한 소형의 광섬유 도관형 주사장치인 엔도스코프(endoscope catheter)를 제작하였다. 깊이방향 주사장치인 원통형 압전소자(PZT)를 이용한 광경로 지연기는 정현파 1 kHz로 구동하여 시간영역에서 엔도스코프 OCT 영상을 구현하였다. 정현파로 구동한 광경로 지연기의 속도는 6 m/s 이고, 깊이방향 스캐닝의 데이터 획득은 3 mm 기준에서 초당 2000 라인이다. 제작한 엔도스코프로 사람의 손가락 및 귀에 대한 초당 10프레임의 OCT 영상을 성공적으로 획득하였다.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.316-322
• /
• 2020

Endoscopic spine surgery is an advanced surgical technique for spinal surgery since it minimizes skin incision, muscle damage, and blood loss compared to open surgery. It requires, however, accurate positioning of an endoscope to avoid spinal nerves and to locate the endoscope near the target disk. Before the insertion of the endoscope, a guide needle is inserted to guide it. Also, the result of the surgery highly depends on the surgeons' experience and the patients' CT or MRI images. Thus, for the training, a number of haptic simulators for spinal needle insertion have been developed. But, still, it is difficult to be used in the medical field practically because previous studies require manual segmentation of vertebrae from CT images, and interaction force between the needle and soft tissue has not been considered carefully. This paper proposes AI-based automatic vertebrae CT-image segmentation and haptic rendering method using the proposed need-tissue interaction model. For the segmentation, U-net structure was implemented and the accuracy was 93% in pixel and 88% in IoU. The needle-tissue interaction model including puncture force and friction force was implemented for haptic rendering in the proposed spinal needle insertion simulator.