• IE interfaces
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.154-161
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• 2007

When the electrical appliances such as TVs and refrigerators become obsolete, they must be collected to the recycling centers to avoid environmental damages. The obsolete home appliances are first moved to the regional collection point; and then transported to one of the recycling centers. Each recycling center has a limited capacity; and some recycling centers can process only certain types of products. For given locations of the existing collection points and recycling centers, optimally assigning the obsolete home appliances of each type from each collection point to the recycling centers can significantly reduce the total transportation cost. We formulate this problem as an LP problem. We also present an approach to determine the locations of additional recycling centers in order to alleviate the over-utilization of the current recycling centers.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.441-447
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• 2020

In a situation in which around 50 million metric tons of electrical and electronic products is generated globally per year, the total installed base of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is projected to amount to around 75 billion worldwide by 2025. However, there is very little research on identification schemes for end-of-life treatment (EoLT) of IoT devices. To address this issue, this paper proposes new identifiers including EoLT information such as recyclability rate (Rcyc) and recoverability rate (Rcov) of an IoT device, recycling rate (RCR) and recovery rate (RVR) of each part in the IoT device, etc. and implements them by using object identifier (OID), mobile radio frequency identification (RFID) and quick response (QR) code. The implemented OID and mobile RFID can be used with cooperation of a remote server via communication networks and the implemented QR code can be used simply with a smartphone app.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.120-131
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• 2009

Most world-leading companies are aware that Environment and Health and Safety Issues are critical to the product quality and sustainable growth of their company. Environment-friendly efforts are seen in almost all aspects of business operations in an advanced nation. The Extended Producer Responsibility(EPR) and EU Directive on Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment(WEEE) attempt to tackle the growing quantity of WEEE by making producers responsible for the costs of the collection and recycling of their products at the End-of-Life(EOL). To implement the RFID-based integration system for EOL household electric appliances, such as washing machines and refrigerators, we analyzed the process of collecting, recovering, and recycling the EOL products returned from the distribution points. Furthermore, we proposed a soon-to-be process using the RFID-based integration system in the metropolitan recycling center(MRC). This soon-to-be process model is composed of RFID tags, readers, ALEs, applications and several devices. Through the introduction of the RFID-based integration system, we are expecting to see increasing traceability and real-time management for EOL products from customers, and also improvements in valuable reusable materials(VRM) produced from recycling processes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.801-807
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• 2010

Requirements management is one of the most essential activities of systems engineering in developing successful weapon systems. Particularly it is very important to consistently manage the traceability among the user requirements, the system requirements, the development specifications and the testing plans throughout the entire life cycle of the weapon system. However, the most part of requirements-related activities has centered around the functional and performance requirements but the integrated logistics support(ILS) requirement has not properly been managed. In this regard, a special attention is needed to develop and manage the ILS requirements. To do so, the ANSI/EIA-632 standard can be referred as a starting point since the ILS requirements of the weapon system under development are specified by the enabling products whereas the functional and performance requirements are covered by the end product requirements. Specifically, we first review and model several cases of previous weapon systems development, which reveals the problem of interest. Then, under the framework of ANSI/EIA-632, we study a hierarchical model for effectively managing ILS requirements by analyzing the features of ILS requirements. Finally, the value of the proposed model is discussed through the case study of electronic warfare equipment.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.3-11
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• 2011

Magnesium has been used as parts of vehicles, case materials of notebook PC and mobile phone, and its demand has been increasing recently. So until now, there has little magnesium scraps from the end of life vehicles or electronic parts, and most scraps has been generated from magnesium processing lines such as melting, die casting and machining. It is to review the present status of magnesium recycling. Here, domestic demand of magnesium, recycling amount and technologies used in domestic recycling companies were surveyed in recent years. In 2010, 8,840 tons of magnesium scraps were processed and used as raw materials for die casting products. The recycling ratio was estimated as 32.5%.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.12-19
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• 2014

Failure is an important part of engineering practice. Engineers utilize all of their competences and resources in order for their products or processes to meet the initial intention and purpose, and not to fail. However, the technological products sometimes end up with failure. The failure, in many cases, is related to non-technological factors or systems, not just limited to technological factors. Moreover, the evaluation of failure is performed by a variety of agents, including consumers, civic groups, government as well as professional groups. Thus, this study raises an issue that the existing concept of failure, which focuses on the operation of function, is not sufficient enough to properly cover the success or failure of technology required by the modern society. In the recent trends of engineering, new concepts and methods have been developed by expanding the traditional concept or introducing a new perspective of failure, so that engineering failure can be better understood in the mutual relationship between technology and society. This research attempts to suggest a methodology of how the failure of engineering can be utilized and properly combined in the major education, design education and engineering ethics education. Also, it aims to contribute to the quality improvement of engineering education to train engineers who can lead the society with responsibility as well as professional competence.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.195-200
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• 2019

The role of the Internet of Things in the Fourth Industrial Revolution is in the era of collecting data at the end and analyzing big data through technology to analyze the future or behavior. Therefore, due to the nature of the IoT, it is vulnerable to security and requires a lightweight security protocol. The spread of things Internet technology is changing our lives a lot. IT companies all over the world are already focusing on products and services based on things Internet, and they are going to the era of all things internet that can communicate not only with electronic devices but also with common objects. People, people, people and objects, things and things interact without limitation of time and space, collecting, analyzing and applying information. Life becomes more and more smart, but on the other hand, the possibility of leakage of personal information becomes greater. Therefore, this study proposed security threats that threaten the protection of personal information and countermeasures, and suggested countermeasures for building a secure IoT environment suitable for the Fourth Industrial Revolution.