• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.513-520
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a novel real-time frame-layer rate control algorithm using sliding window method for low bit rate video coding. The proposed rate control method performs bit allocation at the frame level to minimize the average distortion over an entire sequence as well as variations in distortion between frames. A new frame-layer rate-distortion model is derived, and a non-iterative optimization method is used for low computational complexity. In order to reduce the quality fluctuation, we use a sliding window scheme which does not require the pre-analysis process. Therefore, the proposed algorithm does not produce time delay from encoding, and is suitable for real-time low-complexity video encoder. Experimental results indicate that the proposed control method provides better visual and PSNR performance than the existing TMN8 rate control method.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.501-506
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• 2009

In the H.264/ AVC video coding standard, the intra-prediction coding with various block sizes offers a considerably high improvement in coding efficiency compared to previous standards. In order to achieve this, H.264/AVC uses the Rate-distortion optimization (RDO) technique to select the best intraprediction mode for a macroblock, and it brings about the drastic increase of the computation complexity of H.264 encoder. To reduce the computation complexity and stabilize the coding performance on visual quality, this paper proposed a fast intra-prediction mode decision algorithm using non-parametric thresholds and simplified directional masks. The use of nonparametric thresholds makes the intra-coding performance not be dependent on types of video sequences and simplified directional masks reduces the compuation loads needed by the calculation of local edge information. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is able to reduce more than 55% of the whole encoding time with a negligible loss in PSNR and bitrates and provides the stable performance regardless types of video sequences.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.150-153
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• 1997

In this paper, a control and data analysis S/W of a dedicated measuring machine for cams is developed. A rotary encoder is employed to measure the angular displacement of the motor, and a linear scale does the linear displacement of the prove. The design and measuring data are interpolated by cubic spline curves respectively to compute the error which is defined by the maximum distance between two curves. Further, optimization module to find the exact error is also developed to remove the error occurred due initial measuring position. The developed system takes only 6 minutes to measure the cam and to analyze the measuring data while the CMM takes about 1 hours even with a skilled operator.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2006년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.255-258
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• 2006

In the H.264/AVC standard, intra prediction increases the coding efficiency of intra macroblocks and by applying rate-distortion optimization to each macroblock, it is possible to choose Inter or Intra encoding adaptively. This sort of encoding scheme, however, increases encoding complexity dramatically and causes troubles in practical applications of the real-time mobile environment. In order to decrease the complexity, variety of methods is proposed but most of those take only its current block into consideration for selecting candidate modes which naturally causes degradation in PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio). The proposed fast intra mode decision finds the candidate modes by analyzing transformed coefficients of neighboring blocks stored in the buffer at the encoder stage of input sequences. We verify this proposed scheme in complexity, PSNR and bit-rate.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.571-572
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• 2006

A simulation tool for design space exploration of a real-time reconfiguration system was developed in this paper. We described an algorithm for a partial real-time reconfiguration to utilize already existing configured functional units and applied it to H.263 encoder application. This scheme allows us to find a starting configuration for the further optimization without actually building a prototype.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.385-405
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• 2019

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) enables significantly improved compression performance relative to existing standards. However, the advance also requires high computational complexity. To accelerate the intra prediction mode decision, a minimum risk Bayesian classification framework is introduced. The classifier selects a small number of candidate modes to be evaluated by a rate-distortion optimization process using the sum of absolute Hadamard transformed difference (SATD). Moreover, the proposed method provides a loss factor that is a good trade-off model between computational complexity and coding efficiency. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a 31.54% average reduction in the encoding run time with a negligible coding loss of 0.93% BD-rate relative to HEVC test model 16.6 for the Intra_Main common test condition.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2006년도 학술대회
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• pp.127-132
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• 2006

Quantization in video coding plays an important role in controlling the bit-rate of compressed video bit-streams. It has been used as an important control means to adjust the amount of bit-streams to at]owed bandwidth of delivery networks and storage. Due to the dependent nature of video coding, dependent quantization has been proposed and applied for MPEG-2 video coding to better maintain the quality of reconstructed frame for given constraints of target bit-rate. Since Scalable Video Coding (SVC) being currently standardized exhibits highly dependent coding nature not only between frames but also lower and higher scalability layers where the dependent quantization can be effectively applied, in this paper, we propose a dependent quantization scheme for SVC and compare its performance in visual qualities and bit-rates with the current JSVM reference software for SVC. The proposed technique exploits the frame dependences within each GOP of SVC scalability layers to formulate dependent quantization. We utilize Lagrange optimization, which is widely accepted in R-D (rate-distortion) based optimization, and construct trellis graph to find the optimal cost path in the trellis by minimizing the R-D cost. The optimal cost path in the trellis graph is the optimal set of quantization parameters (QP) for frames within a GOP. In order to reduce the complexity, we employ pruning procedure using monotonicity property in the trellis optimization and cut the frame dependency into one GOP to decrease dependency depth. The optimal Lagrange multiplier that is used for SVC is equal to H.264/AVC which is also used in the mode prediction of the JSVM reference software. The experimental result shows that the dependent quantization outperforms the current JSVM reference software encoder which actually takes a linear increasing QP in temporal scalability layers. The superiority of the dependent quantization is achieved up to 1.25 dB increment in PSNR values and 20% bits saving for the enhancement layer of SVC.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2005

MPEG-2 오디오 압축방식인 AAC(Advanced Audio Coding) LC(Low Complexity) 스테레오 부호화기를 고속으로 구현할 수 있는 칩을 32비트 DSP 코어를 기반으로 설계하고 0.25um CMOS 기술을 이용하여 제작하였다. 계산량과 메모리 용량을 줄이기 위하여 알고리즘 구현방법 측면에서 최적화를 하였으며, FFT(Fast Fourier Transform)를 하드웨어로 구현하여 고속화하였다. 제작된 칩의 크기는 $7.20\times7.20 mm^2$ 이었으며 등가 게이트는 약 830,000 이었으며 70MIPS 이내에서 AAC 부호화를 할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 국제 통신 표준화기구인 ITU-T의 SG15에서 채택된 G.729 Annex A (이하G.729A)음성 부호화기를 ARM9 Thumb/sup R/ 프로세서 코어에 적용 가능하도록 전체 모듈을 다양한 최적화방법을 이용하여 어셈블리어로 실시간 구현하였다. G.729A는 8 kbit/s의 전송률을 갖는 ITU-T표준 음성 부호화기이며, 입력신호는 8 kHz로 샘플링되며 샘플당 16 비트로 양자화된 PCM신호이다. G.729A는 앞서 표준화된 G.729와 비트단위로 상호호환 가능하며 계산량을 대폭 감소시킨 버전이다. 구현된 G.729A음성 부호화기는 부호화기와 복호화기 부분이 각각 약 35 MIPS 및 8 MIPS의 복잡도를 나타내며, 사용된 메모리양은 프로그램 ROM 36.5 kBytes, RAM 6.3 kBytes이다 구현된 G.729A 음성 부호화기는 ITU-T에서 제공하는 9개의 테스트 벡터를 모두 통과하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.3076-3082
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• 2010

영상 압축 코덱(Codec)을 활용하여 군 혹은 민간 분야에서 다양한 기술과 제품들이 출시되고 있다. 기존 고성능 PC환경 하에서 영상 압축 코덱의 프로세스는 큰 문제가 되지 않았지만, 제한적인 시스템 자원을 가지는 임베디드 시스템 환경에서는 고해상도의 영상을 고밀도 압축하면서 발생하는 시스템 부하로 인하여 성능 및 활용도가 제한되는 문제가 부각되고 있는 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 임베디드 시스템 환경 상 기존 소프트웨어 알고리즘 형태의 영상 압축 방식에 대한 성능 및 주변 장치 연동 인터페이스 제약에 대한 해결책으로서 하드웨어 방식의 영상 압축코덱성능 최적화, 외부 장치 연동의 편의성 및 확장성을 부각하기 위한 DirectShow 필터 인터페이스화를 제안하였고 검증을 위해 임베디드 시스템을 구현해서 시뮬레이션 하였다.