• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.679-684
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• 2005

원유 분해능이 강력한 균주를 얻고자 덕유산의 토양으로부터 crude oil을 탄소원으로 이용하는 수십 종을 분리하였다. 분리된 균주 중 원유분해능 및 biosurfactant 생성능이 우수한 균주를 선별하여, 형태학적 특성을 관찰하고 165 rDNA sequence와 』gyrA gene sequence를 통하여 Bacillus atrophaeus DYL-130으로 동정하였다. 동정된 균주 배양액의 표면장력은 최저 28 mN/m까지 감소되었다. 또한 Bacillus atrophaeus DYL-130이 생산하는 biosur-factant가 column chromatography에 의하여 분리 되었으며, 분리된 biosurfactant의 toluene 유화능 및 crude biosurfactant의 유화활성과 안정성이 시험 되었다. Crude biosurfactant의 유화활성은 kerosene에서 최대였으며, soybean oil에서도 높은 편이였으나 유화안정성의 경우 soybean oil을 기질로 하였을 경우가 kerosene을 기질로 하였을 때 보다 우수하였다. 또한 crude biosurfactant의 유화안정성을 합성계면활성제와 비교 한 결과 DYL-130이 생산하는 biosurfactant의 유화안정성이 합성계면활성제와 유사하거나 뛰어남을 확인하였다. Column chroma-tography에 의하여 분리된 biosurfactant는 drop-collapsing method에 의하여 surface-activity가 확인 되었으며 또한 toluene에 대한 유화력이 매우 뛰어난 것을 확인 하였다. 따라서 DYL-130에서 추출한 biosurfactant는 합성계면활성제를 대체할 수 있는 환경친화적인 생물 계면활성제로 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 보여주고 있다. 산업적으로 이 물질을 이용하기 위해서 Bacillus atrephaeus DYL-130이 생산하는 biosurfactant에 대한 구조분석과 물리 화학적 특성, 생분해도 및 환경독성 등의 조사를 수행하여야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2024

We investigated the functional properties and in vitro bioactivity of protein isolates (RPIs) recovered from olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus roes by isoelectric solubilization/precipitation process, according to pH-shift treatments. The buffer capacity of RPIs was shown to be stronger in alkaline pH than in acidic pH. Water holding capacity of RPIs was in range of 4.5-5.2 g/g protein with no significant differences (P>0.05). The foaming capacity and emulsifying activity index of RPIs did not show any significant differences between RPI-1 (pH 11/4.5) and 3 (pH 12/4.5), however they were superior to RPI-2 (pH 11/5.5) and 4 (pH 12/5.5). The 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activity of RPI-3 (2.5 mg protein/mL) was 102.4 ㎍/mL, and the angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory activity was 30.8%. Among the RPIs, RPI-3 was relatively superior in protein functional properties such as buffer capacity, foaming capacity, emulsification, and anti-oxidative activity. Therefore, we suggest that RPI prepared from olive flounder roes could serve as a potential food resource.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.403-416
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the food functional properties and in vitro bioactivity of vacuum freeze-dried fish roe concentrates (FRCs) prepared from Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma (AP), bastard halibut Paralichthys olivaceus (BH) and skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis (ST). All three species showed better buffering capacity on the alkaline side (pH 10-12) than on the acidic side. The water-holding capacities of the FRCs were 3.5, 8.5 and 4.2 g/g protein for AP, BH and ST, respectively, and were significantly higher than that of commercial egg white. The protein solubilities of the FRCs were 42.5% (AP), 50.0% (BH) and 13.9% (ST). The foaming capacities of the FRCs were not significantly different among the species (128.0% for AP, 128.3% for BH, and 143.3% for ST; P>0.05), and their foam stability was maintained at 53.0-74.2% for 60 minutes. The oil-in-water emulsifying activity indexes of AP and BH (19.5 and 20.2 ㎡/g protein, respectively) were significantly superior to that of ST (P<0.05). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothia-zoline-6-sulfonic acid radical-scavenging activities (IC₅₀, mg/mL) of the FRCs were in the ranges of 1.05-3.26 and 0.13-0.18 mg/mL, respectively, and the angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory activity was in the range of 0.97-1.89 mg/mL.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2004

환경친화적이며 원유 분해능이 강력한 균주를 얻기 위하여, 태백산의 토양 일부를 채취하였다. 채취한 토양 sample 로부터 crude oil을 탄소원으로 이용하는 수십 종의 균주를 분리하였으며, 분리된 균주 중 원유분해능 및 biosurfactant 생성능이 가장 우수한 균주를 선별하였다. 또한 분리된 균주의 형태학적 특성을 관찰하고 165 rDNA sequence를 통하여 Bacillus sp. TBM40-3로 동정하였다. 또한 phylogenetic tree를 이용하여 이미 동정된 다른 균주들과의 유연관계를 파악하였다. Bacillus sp. TBM40-3의 배양액의 표면장력은 최저 29 mN/m까지 감소되었고, 생산된 biosurfactant의 유화활성은 soybean oil에서 최대였으며, crude oil에서도 높은 편이였다. 유화안정성은 합성계면활성제와 비슷하거나 우수하였다. 따라서 TBM40-3에서 추출한 biosurfactant는 합성계면활성제를 대체할 수 있는 환경친화적인 생물 계면활성제로 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 보여준다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2018

Biosurfactants or microbial surfactants are surface-active biomolecules that are produced by a variety of microorganisms. Biodegradability and low toxicity have led to the intensification of scientific studies on a wide range of industrial applications for biosurfactants in the field of environmental bioremediation as well as the petroleum industry and enhanced oil recovery. However, the major issues in biosurfactant production are high production cost and low yield. Improving the bioindustrial production processes relies on many strategies, such as the use of cheap raw materials, the optimization of medium-culture conditions, and selecting hyperproducing strains. The present work aims to obtain a mutant with higher biosurfactant production through applying mutagenesis on Bacillus subtilis SPB1 using a combination of UV irradiation and nitrous acid treatment. Following mutagenesis and screening on blood agar and subsequent formation of halos, the mutated strains were examined for emulsifying activity of their culture broth. A mutant designated B. subtilis M2 was selected as it produced biosurfactant at twice higher concentration than the parent strain. The potential of this biosurfactant for industrial uses was shown by studying its stability to environmental stresses such as pH and temperature and its applicability in the oil recovery process. It was practically stable at high temperature and at a wide range of pH, and it recovered above 90% of motor oil adsorbed to a sand sample.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.606-614
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• 1998

In this study, biodegradation rate of Arabian light crude oil by mixed cultures of selected petroleum-degraders was determined. Their modes of hydrocarbon uptake were then observed to determine whether there are differences in biodegradation rate by the mixed cultures. By the mixed cultures of petroleum-degraders having same modes of hydrocarbon uptake, such as strain US1 and K1 (using pseudo-solubilized hydrocarbons by a biosurfactants), K2-2 and P1(using hydrocarbons by direct contact), CL 180 and IC-10 (mixed type of uptake modes), the biodegradation rates of aliphatics in the crude oil were increased more than those by their pure cultures, about 40%, 25% and 20%, respectively. Biodegradation rate of strain KH3-2 (using only water- dissolved hydrocarbons) was increased by mixed cultures with strain K1, CL180 or IC-10 possessing high emulsifying activity. However, the biodegradation rate of the crude oil was decreased about 20%-40% by the mixed cultures of petroleum-degraders having different mode of hydrocarbon uptake, such as addition of strain US1 or K1 in the cultures of K2-2 or P1. Biosurfactants produced by US1 or K1 seems to enhance the emulsification of crude oil in aqueous phase but inhibit the attachment of K2-2 or P1 to crude oil. As same phenomena, the addition to Triton X-100 into the culture of strain US1, K1, CL180, IC-10 or KH3-2 increased the biodegradation rate, but the addition in the culture of strain K2-2 or P1 decreased the biodegradation rate. The mixed culture made of CL180, IC-10 and KH3-2 degraded 61.5% of aliphatics and 69% of aromatics in 3% (v/v) of Arabian light crude oil added.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.221-229
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• 2015

약학 분야에서 점토광물은 점토광물 자체의 약리작용을 확인하고 원료의약품으로 활용하거나 희석제, 유화제, 점증제, 활택제 등 의약품 제형의 완성도를 높이는 첨가제로서 사용되고 있다. 벤토나이트(Bentonite), 카올린(Kaolin), 규산알루민산마그네슘(Magnesium aluminum silicate), 탤크(Talc) 등은 원료의약품 혹은 첨가제로서 활용 가능한 대표적인 점토 광물로 국내외 의약품 공정서에 수재되어 있고, 약학적 활용시 의약품등급으로 규제되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 공정서에 수재된 점토 광물을 중심으로 공정서의 규격을 확인하고, 점토광물의 특성 및 원료의약품 혹은 의약품 첨가제로서의 점토 광물에 대한 활용 사례를 소개하고자 한다. 결론적으로 점토광물을 제약산업에 활용하는 것은 점토광물의 고부가가치화를 위한 한 가지 방법이 될 수 있으며, 자원의 개발 및 활용이라는 측면에서 매우 유용할 것이라 사료된다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.6-15
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• 2009

Biochemical and functional properties of acid-soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) from rockfish skin were characterized. Yield of PSC (90.0%) was higher than that of ASC (63.2%). Both ASC and the PSC consisted of ${\alpha}1$ and ${\alpha}2$ chains, and $\alpha$-cross-linked components. According to the results of hydroxylation of proline and lysine, and FT-IR, no difference between the helical structure of ASC and PSC was identified. Thermal denaturation temperature (TDT) of ASC from rockfish skin was $22.8^{\circ}C$, the same as exhibited in PSC. Both ASC and PSC were higher in water absorption capacity (WAC) and oil absorption capacity (OAC) than other vegetable proteins. According to the results of emulsifying activity (EA) and cooking stability (CS), both ASC and PSC from rockfish skin were inferior compared to the commercial emulsifier (Tween-80). The results of FT-IR suggested that the structure of PSC was slightly different when compared to that of ASC. No differences in solubility were established between ASC and PSC from rockfish skin at various pH and NaCl concentrations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.1021-1028
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• 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ageing time of lamb loins prior to freezing on technological characteristics and oxidation stability of coarse ground lamb loin sausage using in a model system. Methods: Lamb loins (M. longissimus lumborum, n = 25) were aged at $-1.5^{\circ}C$ for 0, 1, 2, 3, and 8 wk and then frozen for the remaining days (a total of 30 wk). The aged/frozen/thawed lamb loins were ground, and model sausages were formulated with 75% aged/frozen/thawed lamb loin, 25% water, 1.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) and 0.3% sodium tripolyphosphate. The pH and thaw/purge loss of aged/frozen/thawed lamb loins were evaluated, and protein functionality (protein solubility and emulsifying capacity), water-holding capacity and textural properties of model sausages were determined. Cooked model sausages were vacuum-packaged in a plastic bag and displayed under continuous fluorescent natural white light ($3^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$). Colour and lipid oxidation of the cooked model sausages were evaluated on 0 and 21 d of display storage. Results: Ageing prior to freezing had no impact on pH and purge/thaw loss of lamb loins and the colour of cooked sausages (p>0.05) made from the loins. Lamb loins aged for at least 3 wk prior to freezing numerically improved total and myofibrillar protein solubilities (p>0.05) and emulsion activity index (p = 0.009) of meat batter, but decreased cooking loss (p = 0.003) and lipid oxidation (p<0.05) of model sausages. Conclusion: This study suggests that post-mortem ageing of raw meat prior to freezing could improve water-holding capacity and lipid oxidative stability of sausage made from the meat.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2006

두부 순물 분말 및 NF 분리 농축 분말의 일반성분과 이들 분말을 식품에 첨가할 경우 반드시 고려해야할 유지 및 수분 흡착력, 용해도, 유화력과 밀가루 반죽에 첨가시 리올로지 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 일반 성분의 경우, 순물 분말과 순물의 NF 분리농축 분말의 수분 함량은 큰 차이가 없었고, NF 분리농축 분말의 회분 함량은 17.5%로 순물 분말에 비해 27.6% 정도 낮았다. 순물 분말과 NF 분리 농축 분말은 각각 0.97, 0.94 g/g의 유지 흡착력을 가지고 있어 ISP의 유지 흡착력에 비해 낮았으며, NF분리 농축 분말의 경우 수분 흡수력은 나타나지 않았다. 증류수, 0.1M 및 0.5M NaCl 처리구에서 NF 농축 분말은 순물분말과는 달리 pH 6.0 부근에서 각각 가장 낮은 단백질 용해도를 나타내었다. 4% 및 6% NF 분리 농축 분말용액의 유화력은각각 pH4.0 및 6.0에서 최저값을 나타내었으며 EAI 값은 19${\sim}$50으로 순물 분말보다 3${\sim}$8배 정도 낮았다. 유리아미노산 함량에 있어서 NF분리 농축 분말의 경우 threonine이 854.87 mgg%로 가장 많이 함유되었으며 그 다음이 arginine >tyrosine >glycine순으로 높게 나타났다. NF 분리 농축 분말의총 유리아미노산 함량은 2,110.1 mgg%로 순물 분말보다 약 21배 정도 높았다. 또한 밀가루에 NF 분리 농축분말을 첨가한 경우 그 첨가량이 증가할수록 최고 점도와 최종 점도 모두 감소하였다.